Q.1 Which of the following is a characteristic of solids?
Definite shape and definite volume
Indefinite shape and definite volume
Indefinite shape and indefinite volume
Definite shape and indefinite volume
Explanation - Solids have particles tightly packed in a fixed position, giving them a definite shape and volume.
Correct answer is: Definite shape and definite volume
Q.2 Which state of matter has the highest kinetic energy of particles at a given temperature?
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
Explanation - Gas particles move faster than solids and liquids, hence they have the highest kinetic energy at a given temperature.
Correct answer is: Gas
Q.3 Which of the following processes converts a liquid into a gas?
Condensation
Evaporation
Sublimation
Freezing
Explanation - Evaporation is the process where molecules at the surface of a liquid escape into the gas phase.
Correct answer is: Evaporation
Q.4 What type of intermolecular forces are primarily responsible for the liquid state?
Ionic bonds
Hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces
Metallic bonds
Nuclear forces
Explanation - Liquids exist due to intermolecular attractions like hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces, which hold molecules close but not rigidly.
Correct answer is: Hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces
Q.5 During sublimation, a substance changes directly from:
Solid to liquid
Liquid to gas
Solid to gas
Gas to liquid
Explanation - Sublimation is the direct transition from solid to gas without passing through the liquid phase.
Correct answer is: Solid to gas
Q.6 Which of the following is an example of sublimation?
Ice melting
Dry ice turning into CO2 gas
Water boiling
Condensation of steam
Explanation - Dry ice (solid CO2) directly converts into CO2 gas without becoming liquid, demonstrating sublimation.
Correct answer is: Dry ice turning into CO2 gas
Q.7 Plasma differs from gas because it contains:
Free electrons and ions
Neutral molecules only
Closely packed particles
Ordered crystal lattice
Explanation - Plasma is an ionized gas with free electrons and ions, which gives it unique electrical conductivity and magnetic properties.
Correct answer is: Free electrons and ions
Q.8 Which of the following statements is true about liquids?
They have definite shape but indefinite volume
They have definite volume but indefinite shape
They have both definite shape and volume
They have neither definite shape nor volume
Explanation - Liquids take the shape of their container but maintain a fixed volume due to intermolecular forces.
Correct answer is: They have definite volume but indefinite shape
Q.9 The process of condensation is:
Liquid to solid
Gas to liquid
Solid to gas
Liquid to gas
Explanation - Condensation occurs when gas particles lose energy and come closer to form a liquid.
Correct answer is: Gas to liquid
Q.10 Which of the following exhibits both fluidity and compressibility to a significant extent?
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
Explanation - Gases can flow like liquids (fluidity) and can be compressed because of the large spaces between particles.
Correct answer is: Gas
Q.11 Which of the following is an example of a crystalline solid?
Glass
Sodium chloride
Rubber
Wax
Explanation - Crystalline solids have a regular, repeating arrangement of particles. Sodium chloride forms a crystal lattice.
Correct answer is: Sodium chloride
Q.12 Which of the following best explains diffusion in gases?
Random motion of gas particles
Particles vibrating in fixed positions
Ions moving in solution
Molecules aligning in crystals
Explanation - Diffusion in gases occurs due to random motion of gas molecules from high to low concentration.
Correct answer is: Random motion of gas particles
Q.13 Which of the following solids has particles arranged in a non-regular pattern?
Salt
Diamond
Glass
Sugar
Explanation - Amorphous solids like glass have no long-range order in particle arrangement, unlike crystalline solids.
Correct answer is: Glass
Q.14 Which statement correctly describes gas pressure?
Force exerted per unit area by moving gas molecules
Weight of the gas
Density of the gas
Intermolecular attraction of gas molecules
Explanation - Gas pressure arises from collisions of gas molecules with the walls of their container.
Correct answer is: Force exerted per unit area by moving gas molecules
Q.15 Which law relates the volume and temperature of a gas at constant pressure?
Boyle's law
Charles's law
Avogadro's law
Gay-Lussac's law
Explanation - Charles's law states that volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature at constant pressure.
Correct answer is: Charles's law
Q.16 Which of the following processes is endothermic?
Freezing of water
Condensation of steam
Melting of ice
Deposition of frost
Explanation - Melting requires absorption of heat to break intermolecular forces, making it an endothermic process.
Correct answer is: Melting of ice
Q.17 In which state of matter are intermolecular forces the weakest?
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
Explanation - Gas particles are far apart with negligible intermolecular forces, allowing them to move freely.
Correct answer is: Gas
Q.18 Which of the following is true about boiling point?
It increases with altitude
It is independent of pressure
It occurs when vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure
It is lower for liquids with stronger intermolecular forces
Explanation - Boiling happens when a liquid's vapor pressure matches the external pressure, allowing bubbles of vapor to form.
Correct answer is: It occurs when vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure
Q.19 Which state of matter can be described as having a definite volume but taking the shape of its container?
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
Explanation - Liquids have a definite volume but no fixed shape; they conform to the shape of their container.
Correct answer is: Liquid
Q.20 Which of the following solids is an example of a molecular solid?
Ice
Sodium chloride
Iron
Diamond
Explanation - Molecular solids like ice consist of molecules held together by intermolecular forces rather than ionic or covalent networks.
Correct answer is: Ice
Q.21 Diffusion occurs fastest in which of the following?
Solids
Liquids
Gases
Plasma
Explanation - Gas molecules move faster and have more space to spread, so diffusion is fastest in gases.
Correct answer is: Gases
Q.22 Which of the following is true for amorphous solids?
Have long-range order
Show sharp melting point
Particles are randomly arranged
Always transparent
Explanation - Amorphous solids lack long-range order and do not have a sharp melting point.
Correct answer is: Particles are randomly arranged
Q.23 Which of the following describes the motion of particles in a solid?
Vibrate about fixed positions
Move freely
Move in straight lines
Rotate around axes freely
Explanation - Particles in solids are fixed in place but can vibrate around their equilibrium positions.
Correct answer is: Vibrate about fixed positions
Q.24 Which of the following liquids has the strongest hydrogen bonding?
Methane
Water
Ethanol
Benzene
Explanation - Water molecules form strong hydrogen bonds due to highly polar O-H groups and small size of oxygen atom.
Correct answer is: Water
Q.25 Which phenomenon explains why a liquid rises in a thin tube?
Surface tension
Capillary action
Diffusion
Viscosity
Explanation - Capillary action is due to adhesion of liquid molecules to the tube and cohesion among themselves, causing rise in a narrow tube.
Correct answer is: Capillary action