Q.1 Which of the following molecules has a trigonal planar geometry?
CH4
BF3
NH3
H2O
Explanation - BF3 has three bonding pairs and no lone pair on boron, giving it a trigonal planar geometry with 120° bond angles.
Correct answer is: BF3
Q.2 Which type of hybridization is present in ethene (C2H4)?
sp3
sp2
sp
dsp2
Explanation - Each carbon in ethene is bonded to three atoms and has one π bond, indicating sp2 hybridization.
Correct answer is: sp2
Q.3 The bond angle in water (H2O) is approximately:
104.5°
109.5°
120°
180°
Explanation - Water has a bent structure due to two lone pairs on oxygen, which compress the H-O-H bond angle to ~104.5°.
Correct answer is: 104.5°
Q.4 Which of the following compounds exhibits hydrogen bonding?
CH4
NH3
CO2
Cl2
Explanation - Ammonia (NH3) exhibits hydrogen bonding due to N-H bonds and lone pair on nitrogen.
Correct answer is: NH3
Q.5 Which type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?
Ionic bond
Covalent bond
Metallic bond
Hydrogen bond
Explanation - Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share electron pairs to achieve stability.
Correct answer is: Covalent bond
Q.6 The molecule CO2 is linear due to:
sp3 hybridization
sp2 hybridization
sp hybridization
dsp2 hybridization
Explanation - Each carbon in CO2 undergoes sp hybridization with two π bonds, resulting in a linear geometry.
Correct answer is: sp hybridization
Q.7 Which of the following is an example of a coordinate (dative covalent) bond?
HCl
NH4+
O2
Cl2
Explanation - In NH4+, the nitrogen donates a lone pair to bond with an H+ ion, forming a coordinate bond.
Correct answer is: NH4+
Q.8 What is the formal charge on nitrogen in the ammonium ion (NH4+)?
0
+1
-1
+2
Explanation - In NH4+, nitrogen has four bonds and no lone pairs, so its formal charge is 0.
Correct answer is: 0
Q.9 Which of the following molecules is nonpolar?
H2O
NH3
CO2
HF
Explanation - CO2 is linear and symmetrical; the dipoles cancel out, making it nonpolar.
Correct answer is: CO2
Q.10 The hybridization of carbon in methane (CH4) is:
sp
sp2
sp3
dsp3
Explanation - Carbon forms four sigma bonds with hydrogen, resulting in sp3 hybridization.
Correct answer is: sp3
Q.11 Which of the following molecules has a bent shape?
CO2
SO2
BF3
CH4
Explanation - SO2 has a bent shape due to one lone pair on sulfur, causing bond angle <120°.
Correct answer is: SO2
Q.12 Which of the following compounds has ionic bonding?
NaCl
CH4
CO
H2O
Explanation - NaCl consists of metal (Na) and non-metal (Cl), forming an ionic bond through electron transfer.
Correct answer is: NaCl
Q.13 Which of the following is true for a molecule with sp3d hybridization?
Trigonal planar geometry
Tetrahedral geometry
Trigonal bipyramidal geometry
Octahedral geometry
Explanation - sp3d hybridization involves five electron domains, giving a trigonal bipyramidal geometry.
Correct answer is: Trigonal bipyramidal geometry
Q.14 Which type of bond is present in metallic elements?
Ionic bond
Covalent bond
Metallic bond
Hydrogen bond
Explanation - Metallic bonding arises from a 'sea of delocalized electrons' shared among metal cations.
Correct answer is: Metallic bond
Q.15 What is the shape of the PF5 molecule?
Tetrahedral
Trigonal bipyramidal
Octahedral
Bent
Explanation - PF5 has five bonding pairs around phosphorus, forming a trigonal bipyramidal structure.
Correct answer is: Trigonal bipyramidal
Q.16 Which molecule has a zero dipole moment despite having polar bonds?
H2O
BF3
NH3
HCl
Explanation - BF3 is symmetrical; the bond dipoles cancel, giving a net dipole moment of zero.
Correct answer is: BF3
Q.17 Which of the following is an example of a molecule with sp hybridization?
CH4
C2H2
C2H4
NH3
Explanation - In acetylene (C2H2), each carbon forms two sigma bonds and two π bonds, indicating sp hybridization.
Correct answer is: C2H2
Q.18 Which bond is the strongest among the following?
Single bond
Double bond
Triple bond
Coordinate bond
Explanation - Triple bonds have one sigma and two π bonds, making them stronger than single or double bonds.
Correct answer is: Triple bond
Q.19 Which of the following has a planar structure?
CH4
C2H4
NH3
H2O
Explanation - Ethene (C2H4) has sp2 hybridized carbons, forming a planar structure with 120° bond angles.
Correct answer is: C2H4
Q.20 Which of the following species is electron-deficient?
BF3
NH3
CH4
H2O
Explanation - Boron in BF3 has only six electrons around it, making it electron-deficient and able to accept a lone pair.
Correct answer is: BF3
Q.21 Which of the following is true for covalent compounds?
High melting and boiling points
Conduct electricity in solid state
Form molecules
Form lattices of ions
Explanation - Covalent compounds consist of discrete molecules with shared electrons and generally lower melting points.
Correct answer is: Form molecules
Q.22 Which molecule has a T-shaped geometry?
ClF3
PF3
PCl5
SF6
Explanation - ClF3 has 3 bonding pairs and 2 lone pairs on chlorine, giving a T-shaped geometry.
Correct answer is: ClF3
Q.23 Which of the following exhibits resonance?
CO2
SO2
O3
CH4
Explanation - Ozone (O3) has delocalized electrons, leading to resonance structures.
Correct answer is: O3
Q.24 The bond angle in NH3 is slightly less than 109.5° because:
Lone pair-lone pair repulsion is more than bond pair-bond pair repulsion
Bond pairs repel each other equally
NH3 is linear
Nitrogen is sp hybridized
Explanation - Lone pairs on nitrogen repel more strongly than bonding pairs, reducing H-N-H bond angle from 109.5° to 107°.
Correct answer is: Lone pair-lone pair repulsion is more than bond pair-bond pair repulsion