Q.1 Which of the following is a type of asexual reproduction in plants?
Binary fission
Budding
Fragmentation
All of the above
Explanation - Binary fission, budding, and fragmentation are all forms of asexual reproduction in different organisms, and some plants can reproduce through these methods as well.
Correct answer is: All of the above
Q.2 Fertilization in humans normally occurs in which part of the female reproductive system?
Uterus
Ovary
Fallopian tube
Cervix
Explanation - After ovulation, the egg is captured by the fallopian tube where it meets sperm for fertilization.
Correct answer is: Fallopian tube
Q.3 Which hormone is responsible for maintaining pregnancy in humans?
Progesterone
Estrogen
LH
FSH
Explanation - Progesterone prepares the endometrium for implantation and maintains it during pregnancy.
Correct answer is: Progesterone
Q.4 In which type of reproduction does offspring inherit traits from only one parent?
Sexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction
Cross-pollination
Hermaphroditism
Explanation - Asexual reproduction involves only one parent, producing genetically identical offspring.
Correct answer is: Asexual reproduction
Q.5 Which structure produces male gametes in humans?
Ovary
Testis
Seminal vesicle
Prostate gland
Explanation - Testes are the male gonads responsible for producing sperm.
Correct answer is: Testis
Q.6 Ovulation in the human female is triggered by a surge in which hormone?
FSH
LH
Progesterone
Prolactin
Explanation - A sudden increase in Luteinizing Hormone (LH) triggers the release of a mature egg from the ovary.
Correct answer is: LH
Q.7 Which of the following is true about external fertilization?
Occurs in aquatic animals
Requires internal fertilization structures
Produces fewer gametes
Occurs in mammals
Explanation - External fertilization generally occurs in water where eggs and sperm are released into the environment, e.g., in fish and amphibians.
Correct answer is: Occurs in aquatic animals
Q.8 Which is the correct sequence of development after fertilization in humans?
Zygote → Blastula → Gastrula → Embryo
Zygote → Morula → Blastula → Gastrula
Blastula → Zygote → Morula → Embryo
Zygote → Embryo → Morula → Blastula
Explanation - After fertilization, the zygote undergoes cleavage to form morula, then blastula, and gastrula during embryonic development.
Correct answer is: Zygote → Morula → Blastula → Gastrula
Q.9 Which of the following is an advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?
Rapid population increase
Genetic variation
No need for gametes
Offspring identical to parent
Explanation - Sexual reproduction combines genetic material from two parents, producing genetically diverse offspring.
Correct answer is: Genetic variation
Q.10 The placenta in humans is responsible for:
Gas exchange
Nutrient supply
Waste removal
All of the above
Explanation - The placenta acts as an interface between maternal and fetal blood, facilitating nutrient, gas, and waste exchange.
Correct answer is: All of the above
Q.11 Which type of asexual reproduction is exhibited by Hydra?
Binary fission
Budding
Fragmentation
Spore formation
Explanation - Hydra reproduces asexually by budding, where a new individual grows from the body of the parent.
Correct answer is: Budding
Q.12 The primary male sex hormone responsible for secondary sexual characteristics is:
Testosterone
Estrogen
Progesterone
FSH
Explanation - Testosterone regulates sperm production and development of male secondary sexual traits.
Correct answer is: Testosterone
Q.13 In humans, the fusion of sperm and egg forms a:
Gametocyte
Zygote
Embryo
Blastocyst
Explanation - Fertilization of the ovum by sperm produces a diploid zygote.
Correct answer is: Zygote
Q.14 Which of the following statements about oviparous animals is correct?
They give birth to live young
They lay eggs
Fertilization is always internal
They do not reproduce sexually
Explanation - Oviparous animals lay eggs which develop outside the female body, e.g., birds, reptiles.
Correct answer is: They lay eggs
Q.15 Which phase of the menstrual cycle is characterized by shedding of the uterine lining?
Follicular phase
Ovulation
Luteal phase
Menstrual phase
Explanation - The menstrual phase involves the shedding of endometrial lining due to low levels of estrogen and progesterone.
Correct answer is: Menstrual phase
Q.16 In flowering plants, the male gametophyte is:
Ovule
Pollen grain
Seed
Embryo sac
Explanation - The pollen grain contains the male gametes and represents the male gametophyte.
Correct answer is: Pollen grain
Q.17 Which reproductive strategy is commonly associated with high offspring mortality?
K-strategy
R-strategy
Viviparity
Internal fertilization
Explanation - R-strategy involves producing many offspring with minimal parental care, often leading to higher mortality.
Correct answer is: R-strategy
Q.18 Which of the following structures stores sperm in the male reproductive system?
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Seminal vesicle
Prostate gland
Explanation - Sperm mature and are stored temporarily in the epididymis before ejaculation.
Correct answer is: Epididymis
Q.19 The end product of meiosis in humans is:
Zygote
Gametes
Somatic cells
Blastocyst
Explanation - Meiosis produces haploid gametes (sperm and eggs) with half the chromosome number of the parent cell.
Correct answer is: Gametes
Q.20 Which of the following is true for viviparous animals?
They lay eggs
Development occurs inside the female body
Fertilization is always external
They reproduce asexually
Explanation - Viviparous animals give birth to live young after internal development, e.g., mammals.
Correct answer is: Development occurs inside the female body
Q.21 In humans, how many chromosomes are present in gametes?
23
46
44
22
Explanation - Human gametes are haploid, containing 23 chromosomes, which combine during fertilization to restore diploid number.
Correct answer is: 23
Q.22 Which of the following is a function of seminal vesicles?
Produce sperm
Secrete seminal fluid rich in fructose
Store sperm
Produce testosterone
Explanation - Seminal vesicles produce seminal plasma containing nutrients like fructose for sperm motility.
Correct answer is: Secrete seminal fluid rich in fructose
Q.23 In human females, the release of an egg is called:
Fertilization
Ovulation
Menstruation
Implantation
Explanation - Ovulation is the process by which a mature egg is released from the ovary into the fallopian tube.
Correct answer is: Ovulation
Q.24 Which type of asexual reproduction involves breaking of an organism into parts that regenerate into new individuals?
Budding
Fragmentation
Binary fission
Spore formation
Explanation - Fragmentation occurs when an organism splits into fragments, each of which develops into a complete individual.
Correct answer is: Fragmentation
Q.25 Which of the following is an example of internal fertilization?
Frog
Bird
Fish
Starfish
Explanation - In birds, sperm fertilizes the egg inside the female reproductive tract, i.e., internal fertilization.
Correct answer is: Bird