Q.1 Which of the following is the correct hierarchical order of classification from broad to specific?
Species → Genus → Family → Order
Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order
Order → Family → Class → Phylum
Genus → Species → Family → Class
Explanation - The correct taxonomic hierarchy from broad to specific is Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species.
Correct answer is: Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order
Q.2 Which kingdom includes organisms that are unicellular and prokaryotic?
Protista
Fungi
Monera
Plantae
Explanation - Kingdom Monera consists of unicellular prokaryotes, including bacteria and cyanobacteria.
Correct answer is: Monera
Q.3 Which of the following is an example of a coelomate animal?
Earthworm
Flatworm
Ascaris
Sponges
Explanation - Earthworms have a true coelom, a fluid-filled body cavity completely lined by mesoderm, making them coelomates.
Correct answer is: Earthworm
Q.4 Who proposed the five kingdom classification system?
Linnaeus
Whittaker
Darwin
Haeckel
Explanation - Robert Whittaker proposed the five kingdom classification in 1969, which includes Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
Correct answer is: Whittaker
Q.5 Which of the following organisms is an example of bryophytes?
Ferns
Mosses
Gymnosperms
Algae
Explanation - Bryophytes are non-vascular plants and include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts.
Correct answer is: Mosses
Q.6 Which is the primary mode of nutrition in fungi?
Autotrophic
Saprophytic
Parasitic
Both B and C
Explanation - Fungi are mostly saprophytic (decomposers), but some are parasitic.
Correct answer is: Both B and C
Q.7 Protists differ from Monera in having:
Cell wall made of peptidoglycan
Nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
Ability to photosynthesize
Being multicellular
Explanation - Protists are eukaryotic, meaning they have a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, unlike prokaryotic Monera.
Correct answer is: Nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
Q.8 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Kingdom Plantae?
Photosynthetic
Cellulose cell wall
Heterotrophic
Eukaryotic
Explanation - Kingdom Plantae consists of autotrophic, photosynthetic, eukaryotic organisms with cellulose in cell walls.
Correct answer is: Heterotrophic
Q.9 Which of the following organisms is classified under Gymnosperms?
Pine
Fern
Moss
Rice
Explanation - Gymnosperms are seed-producing plants where seeds are exposed on cones, e.g., pines.
Correct answer is: Pine
Q.10 Which animal group is characterized by a notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, and pharyngeal slits at some stage of development?
Arthropoda
Chordata
Mollusca
Annelida
Explanation - These are defining features of phylum Chordata, present at least during embryonic development.
Correct answer is: Chordata
Q.11 Which of the following is a characteristic feature of amphibians?
Lays eggs in water
Dry scaly skin
Amniotic egg
No metamorphosis
Explanation - Amphibians are aquatic in larval stage and lay eggs in water; they usually undergo metamorphosis.
Correct answer is: Lays eggs in water
Q.12 Which of the following bacteria is known for nitrogen fixation in legumes?
Rhizobium
E. coli
Streptococcus
Bacillus
Explanation - Rhizobium bacteria form symbiotic associations with leguminous plants to fix atmospheric nitrogen.
Correct answer is: Rhizobium
Q.13 Which of the following is a unicellular algae?
Spirogyra
Chlorella
Euglena
Both B and C
Explanation - Chlorella and Euglena are unicellular algae, whereas Spirogyra is filamentous (multicellular).
Correct answer is: Both B and C
Q.14 Which group of plants is characterized by seeds enclosed in fruits?
Gymnosperms
Bryophytes
Pteridophytes
Angiosperms
Explanation - Angiosperms produce flowers and seeds enclosed within fruits.
Correct answer is: Angiosperms
Q.15 Which of the following is a feature unique to mammals?
Warm-blooded
Hair or fur
Gives birth to live young
Mammary glands
Explanation - Mammary glands, which produce milk, are unique to mammals.
Correct answer is: Mammary glands
Q.16 Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of arthropods?
Segmented body and jointed appendages
Unsegmented body
Radial symmetry
No exoskeleton
Explanation - Arthropods have segmented bodies with jointed appendages and exoskeletons made of chitin.
Correct answer is: Segmented body and jointed appendages
Q.17 Which kingdom includes both unicellular and multicellular eukaryotic organisms?
Monera
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Explanation - Kingdom Protista includes unicellular (e.g., Amoeba) and multicellular (e.g., Algae) eukaryotes.
Correct answer is: Protista
Q.18 Which of the following is the main criterion used by Whittaker to classify organisms into five kingdoms?
Habitat
Cell structure and mode of nutrition
Size
Reproductive method
Explanation - Whittaker used cell structure (prokaryotic/eukaryotic) and mode of nutrition (autotrophic/heterotrophic) to classify organisms.
Correct answer is: Cell structure and mode of nutrition
Q.19 Which of the following is a non-vascular plant?
Moss
Fern
Pine
Rose
Explanation - Mosses are non-vascular bryophytes lacking xylem and phloem.
Correct answer is: Moss
Q.20 Which of the following phyla includes the simplest animals with porous bodies?
Porifera
Cnidaria
Platyhelminthes
Annelida
Explanation - Porifera (sponges) are simple, sessile, aquatic animals with porous bodies and no true tissues.
Correct answer is: Porifera
Q.21 Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of reptiles?
Moist skin
Scaly skin
Lays eggs in water
Undergoes metamorphosis
Explanation - Reptiles have dry, scaly skin and are mostly oviparous, laying eggs on land.
Correct answer is: Scaly skin
Q.22 Which of the following kingdoms contains organisms that are mostly decomposers?
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
Monera
Explanation - Fungi obtain nutrition by decomposing dead organic matter (saprophytic nutrition).
Correct answer is: Fungi
Q.23 Which of the following is a major criterion for classifying animals into different phyla?
Body symmetry
Color
Size
Habitat
Explanation - Animals are primarily classified into phyla based on body symmetry, coelom, segmentation, and presence of notochord.
Correct answer is: Body symmetry
Q.24 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of chordates?
Notochord
Dorsal hollow nerve cord
Exoskeleton
Pharyngeal slits
Explanation - Chordates have a notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, and pharyngeal slits; they do not have an exoskeleton.
Correct answer is: Exoskeleton