Q.1 Which of the following is a viral disease that affects the liver?
Hepatitis B
Tuberculosis
Malaria
Cholera
Explanation - Hepatitis B is caused by the Hepatitis B virus and primarily affects the liver.
Correct answer is: Hepatitis B
Q.2 Which vitamin deficiency causes rickets in children?
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin C
Vitamin K
Explanation - Vitamin D deficiency leads to defective bone mineralization, causing rickets in children.
Correct answer is: Vitamin D
Q.3 Which microorganism is used in the production of antibiotics like penicillin?
Aspergillus
Penicillium
Saccharomyces
Rhizobium
Explanation - Penicillium species produce penicillin, the first widely used antibiotic.
Correct answer is: Penicillium
Q.4 Which of the following is a waterborne bacterial disease?
Cholera
Influenza
Measles
Rabies
Explanation - Cholera is caused by Vibrio cholerae and spreads through contaminated water.
Correct answer is: Cholera
Q.5 BCG vaccine is used to prevent which disease?
Tuberculosis
Polio
Hepatitis B
Diphtheria
Explanation - BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) vaccine provides immunity against tuberculosis.
Correct answer is: Tuberculosis
Q.6 Which of the following diseases is transmitted by mosquitoes?
Malaria
Tuberculosis
Polio
Typhoid
Explanation - Malaria is caused by Plasmodium species, transmitted to humans by Anopheles mosquitoes.
Correct answer is: Malaria
Q.7 Which of the following is caused by a protozoan?
Malaria
Tuberculosis
Cholera
Hepatitis B
Explanation - Malaria is caused by the protozoan Plasmodium, not bacteria or virus.
Correct answer is: Malaria
Q.8 Which disease is prevented by the DPT vaccine?
Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus
Diabetes, Pneumonia, Typhoid
Dengue, Polio, Tetanus
Diphtheria, Polio, Tetanus
Explanation - DPT vaccine protects against three diseases: Diphtheria, Pertussis (whooping cough), and Tetanus.
Correct answer is: Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus
Q.9 Which of the following is a non-communicable disease?
Diabetes
Tuberculosis
Measles
Cholera
Explanation - Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are not transmitted between people. Diabetes is an NCD.
Correct answer is: Diabetes
Q.10 Which organism is used in sewage treatment to reduce organic matter?
E. coli
Nitrosomonas
Saccharomyces
Pseudomonas
Explanation - Pseudomonas species help in biodegradation of organic matter during sewage treatment.
Correct answer is: Pseudomonas
Q.11 Which of the following is an example of vector-borne disease?
Dengue
Tuberculosis
HIV
Hepatitis B
Explanation - Dengue is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, hence a vector-borne disease.
Correct answer is: Dengue
Q.12 Which of the following is used as a biological control agent?
Ladybird beetle
E. coli
Streptococcus
Plasmodium
Explanation - Ladybird beetles feed on pests like aphids and are used as biological control agents.
Correct answer is: Ladybird beetle
Q.13 Which disease is caused by deficiency of iodine?
Goitre
Scurvy
Rickets
Pellagra
Explanation - Iodine deficiency leads to enlargement of the thyroid gland, causing goitre.
Correct answer is: Goitre
Q.14 Which of the following vaccines is used to prevent polio?
OPV
BCG
MMR
DPT
Explanation - Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) is administered to prevent poliomyelitis.
Correct answer is: OPV
Q.15 Which of the following is a fungal disease?
Athlete’s foot
Cholera
Influenza
Malaria
Explanation - Athlete’s foot is caused by dermatophyte fungi, not bacteria or viruses.
Correct answer is: Athlete’s foot
Q.16 Which of the following is used as a biofertilizer?
Rhizobium
E. coli
Staphylococcus
Plasmodium
Explanation - Rhizobium fixes atmospheric nitrogen in legume root nodules and is used as biofertilizer.
Correct answer is: Rhizobium
Q.17 Which is the cause of sleeping sickness?
Trypanosoma
Plasmodium
Leishmania
E. coli
Explanation - Trypanosoma brucei causes sleeping sickness, transmitted by tsetse fly.
Correct answer is: Trypanosoma
Q.18 Which of the following is a vector for malaria?
Anopheles mosquito
Housefly
Tsetse fly
Aedes mosquito
Explanation - Malaria is transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes.
Correct answer is: Anopheles mosquito
Q.19 Which is a waterborne viral disease?
Hepatitis A
Rabies
Influenza
Tetanus
Explanation - Hepatitis A virus spreads through contaminated water and food.
Correct answer is: Hepatitis A
Q.20 Which of the following is a cause of dental caries?
Streptococcus mutans
E. coli
Plasmodium
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Explanation - Streptococcus mutans metabolizes sugar to produce acids, leading to tooth decay.
Correct answer is: Streptococcus mutans
Q.21 Which of the following diseases is vaccine-preventable?
Measles
Diabetes
Hypertension
Cancer
Explanation - Measles can be prevented through the MMR vaccine.
Correct answer is: Measles
Q.22 Which microorganism is used in making alcohol?
Saccharomyces
Penicillium
Rhizobium
Lactobacillus
Explanation - Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used in fermentation to produce ethanol (alcohol).
Correct answer is: Saccharomyces
Q.23 Which of the following is a vector for Dengue?
Aedes mosquito
Anopheles mosquito
Tsetse fly
Housefly
Explanation - Dengue virus is transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquito.
Correct answer is: Aedes mosquito
Q.24 Which of the following is a common symptom of scurvy?
Bleeding gums
Jaundice
Rashes
Cough
Explanation - Scurvy is caused by vitamin C deficiency, leading to bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
Correct answer is: Bleeding gums
Q.25 Which of the following is used in biogas production?
Methanogens
Saccharomyces
Penicillium
Rhizobium
Explanation - Methanogenic bacteria produce methane gas during anaerobic decomposition of organic matter.
Correct answer is: Methanogens