Q.1 Assertion (A): All squares are rectangles. Reason (R): A rectangle has four sides and four right angles.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - All squares have four sides and four right angles, which makes them rectangles. The reason correctly explains the assertion.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.2 Assertion (A): All triangles have three sides. Reason (R): A polygon has more than three sides.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Triangles have three sides (A is true). R is true in general for polygons, but it does not explain why a triangle has three sides.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
Q.3 Assertion (A): Oxygen is essential for human survival. Reason (R): Humans can survive without food for weeks.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Oxygen is essential for survival, but the fact that humans can survive without food for weeks does not explain the need for oxygen.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
Q.4 Assertion (A): Water freezes at 0°C. Reason (R): Freezing point of a liquid is the temperature at which it changes into solid.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Water freezes at 0°C because freezing point is the temperature at which a liquid solidifies. The reason correctly explains the assertion.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.5 Assertion (A): Birds can fly. Reason (R): Birds have wings and feathers.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Birds can fly because they have wings and feathers, which makes the reason the correct explanation.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.6 Assertion (A): The Earth revolves around the Sun. Reason (R): Day and night occur due to Earth's rotation on its axis.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Earth revolves around the Sun (A is true). Day and night occur due to rotation, which does not explain revolution, so R is not correct explanation.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
Q.7 Assertion (A): Iron sinks in water. Reason (R): Iron is denser than water.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Iron sinks because its density is greater than water, so the reason explains the assertion.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.8 Assertion (A): The Sun rises in the east. Reason (R): Earth rotates from west to east.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - The apparent rising of the Sun in the east is due to Earth's rotation from west to east. Reason correctly explains the assertion.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.9 Assertion (A): Smoking is harmful to health. Reason (R): Cigarettes contain nicotine and tar.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Cigarettes contain harmful substances like nicotine and tar, which damage health. Reason correctly explains the assertion.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.10 Assertion (A): Sound cannot travel in vacuum. Reason (R): Sound requires a medium to propagate.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Sound needs particles of a medium to travel; in vacuum there are none, so the reason correctly explains the assertion.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.11 Assertion (A): Gold is a good conductor of electricity. Reason (R): Metals conduct electricity due to free electrons.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Gold, being a metal, has free electrons which allow conduction. The reason explains the assertion correctly.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.12 Assertion (A): Rainbows are formed due to dispersion of light. Reason (R): Light bends when passing from one medium to another.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Rainbow formation occurs because light disperses when refracted and reflected in water droplets. Reason explains the assertion.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.13 Assertion (A): Mercury is used in thermometers. Reason (R): Mercury expands uniformly with temperature.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Mercury expands uniformly when heated, allowing precise temperature measurement. Reason correctly explains the assertion.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.14 Assertion (A): Sound travels faster in water than in air. Reason (R): Density of water is greater than air.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Sound requires a medium and travels faster in denser mediums. Reason correctly explains why sound is faster in water.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.15 Assertion (A): Blood is red in color. Reason (R): Hemoglobin in blood gives it red color.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Hemoglobin binds with oxygen and gives blood its red color. The reason explains the assertion correctly.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.16 Assertion (A): Plastic is an insulator. Reason (R): Plastic does not allow free flow of electrons.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Plastic prevents the movement of electrons, making it a good insulator. Reason correctly explains the assertion.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.17 Assertion (A): Sound intensity decreases with distance. Reason (R): Sound spreads over a larger area as it travels.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - As sound waves spread, energy per unit area decreases, reducing intensity. Reason correctly explains the assertion.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.18 Assertion (A): Vaccines prevent diseases. Reason (R): Vaccines stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Vaccines trigger antibody production which prevents infection. Reason explains the assertion.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.19 Assertion (A): Alcohol consumption affects the liver. Reason (R): Liver metabolizes alcohol to less harmful substances.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Alcohol is toxic and liver metabolism can damage cells. Reason explains why alcohol consumption affects liver.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.20 Assertion (A): Earth has a magnetic field. Reason (R): Moving molten iron in the outer core generates magnetic field.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Earth's magnetic field is due to the motion of molten iron. Reason correctly explains the assertion.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.21 Assertion (A): Some metals are malleable. Reason (R): Metals have closely packed atoms that can slide over each other.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Malleability of metals is due to atomic structure allowing layers to slide. Reason explains the assertion.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.22 Assertion (A): Salt dissolves in water. Reason (R): Water molecules are polar and interact with ions in salt.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Polarity of water molecules allows them to break ionic bonds in salt. Reason correctly explains assertion.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
Q.23 Assertion (A): Planets do not produce their own light. Reason (R): Planets reflect light from the Sun.
A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is true, R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, R is false
A is false, R is true
Explanation - Planets shine due to reflected sunlight. Reason correctly explains assertion.
Correct answer is: A is true, R is true, R is the correct explanation of A