Q.1 Which of the following is the primary purpose of a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) in project management?
To assign tasks to team members
To break the project into smaller, manageable components
To define the project budget
To track project risks
Explanation - A WBS decomposes a project into smaller, more manageable parts, making planning, scheduling, and controlling easier.
Correct answer is: To break the project into smaller, manageable components
Q.2 In project management, the critical path is:
The longest sequence of tasks in a project
The path with the least resources
The shortest duration path
The path that is optional
Explanation - The critical path determines the minimum project duration; any delay in critical path tasks delays the project.
Correct answer is: The longest sequence of tasks in a project
Q.3 Which of the following is NOT a part of the project life cycle?
Initiation
Planning
Execution
Recruitment
Explanation - The project life cycle consists of initiation, planning, execution, monitoring & controlling, and closing. Recruitment is not a phase.
Correct answer is: Recruitment
Q.4 Which project management methodology focuses on iterative development and customer feedback?
Waterfall
Agile
PRINCE2
Critical Path Method
Explanation - Agile emphasizes iterative development, continuous improvement, and customer feedback throughout the project.
Correct answer is: Agile
Q.5 A RACI matrix is used to:
Define project schedule
Identify roles and responsibilities
Allocate project budget
Track project risks
Explanation - RACI (Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed) matrix clarifies roles and responsibilities in a project.
Correct answer is: Identify roles and responsibilities
Q.6 Earned Value Management (EVM) is primarily used to:
Measure project scope changes
Assess project performance and progress
Calculate team efficiency
Track stakeholder satisfaction
Explanation - EVM integrates scope, schedule, and cost to evaluate project performance and predict future performance.
Correct answer is: Assess project performance and progress
Q.7 The concept of 'fast tracking' in project management means:
Performing activities sequentially
Performing activities in parallel to reduce project duration
Delaying non-critical tasks
Outsourcing tasks to speed up work
Explanation - Fast tracking overlaps tasks that were originally planned sequentially to shorten the project timeline, though it may increase risk.
Correct answer is: Performing activities in parallel to reduce project duration
Q.8 In risk management, which of the following is considered a 'positive risk'?
Project delay due to technical issues
Opportunities that could improve project outcomes
Unexpected budget cuts
Team absenteeism
Explanation - Positive risks are opportunities that, if exploited, can benefit the project.
Correct answer is: Opportunities that could improve project outcomes
Q.9 Which of the following is a key deliverable in project initiation?
Project charter
Gantt chart
Risk register
Resource allocation plan
Explanation - The project charter formally authorizes the project and outlines objectives, scope, and stakeholders.
Correct answer is: Project charter
Q.10 In the context of project scheduling, a Gantt chart is used to:
Visualize project tasks and timelines
Define project quality metrics
Allocate budgets
Identify stakeholder interests
Explanation - Gantt charts graphically represent tasks along a timeline, helping track progress and deadlines.
Correct answer is: Visualize project tasks and timelines
Q.11 Which project management standard is widely recognized internationally?
PMBOK
ISO 9001
Six Sigma
ITIL
Explanation - The PMBOK (Project Management Body of Knowledge) is a globally recognized standard for project management practices.
Correct answer is: PMBOK
Q.12 Scope creep in a project refers to:
Expansion of project scope without approval
Completion of tasks ahead of schedule
Delays in project milestones
Reduction in project budget
Explanation - Scope creep happens when the project scope expands beyond original plans without formal authorization, often causing delays and cost overruns.
Correct answer is: Expansion of project scope without approval
Q.13 Which of the following is a quantitative risk analysis technique?
Probability and Impact Matrix
Monte Carlo Simulation
SWOT Analysis
Expert Judgment
Explanation - Monte Carlo Simulation uses mathematical models to quantify the probability and impact of project risks.
Correct answer is: Monte Carlo Simulation
Q.14 In project management, the term 'baseline' refers to:
Original project plan approved for tracking
A risk management strategy
Resource allocation chart
Project completion certificate
Explanation - A baseline is a fixed reference point against which project performance is measured, including scope, schedule, and cost.
Correct answer is: Original project plan approved for tracking
Q.15 Which of the following is a primary responsibility of a project sponsor?
Managing daily tasks
Providing resources and support
Preparing the project schedule
Conducting team meetings
Explanation - The project sponsor champions the project, secures funding, and ensures organizational support.
Correct answer is: Providing resources and support
Q.16 The difference between planned value (PV) and earned value (EV) is known as:
Schedule variance
Cost variance
Budget at completion
Performance index
Explanation - Schedule variance (SV) = EV - PV, indicating if the project is ahead or behind schedule.
Correct answer is: Schedule variance
Q.17 Which of the following is an output of the 'Identify Risks' process?
Risk register
Project charter
WBS
Resource histogram
Explanation - The risk register documents identified risks, their analysis, and planned responses.
Correct answer is: Risk register
Q.18 A stakeholder in project management is defined as:
Only the project manager
Any individual or organization affected by the project
Team members assigned tasks
External auditors only
Explanation - Stakeholders include anyone who can influence or is impacted by the project outcomes.
Correct answer is: Any individual or organization affected by the project
Q.19 In PRINCE2 methodology, a 'product-based planning approach' focuses on:
Defining project products before activities
Budget estimation first
Assigning team roles initially
Scheduling resources first
Explanation - PRINCE2 emphasizes identifying all deliverables before planning tasks to ensure clarity and quality.
Correct answer is: Defining project products before activities
Q.20 In Agile, a 'sprint' refers to:
A short, time-boxed iteration to complete tasks
The project kickoff meeting
Resource allocation period
Stakeholder review session
Explanation - A sprint is a fixed period (usually 1-4 weeks) in which a set of tasks is completed and reviewed.
Correct answer is: A short, time-boxed iteration to complete tasks
Q.21 Which of the following is NOT a principle of Agile methodology?
Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
Responding to change over following a plan
Processes and tools over individuals and interactions
Working software over comprehensive documentation
Explanation - Agile values individuals and interactions over processes and tools, emphasizing flexibility and communication.
Correct answer is: Processes and tools over individuals and interactions
Q.22 In project management, a 'milestone' is:
A major event or checkpoint in a project
A routine task
A financial expenditure
A team meeting
Explanation - Milestones mark significant points in the project timeline and help track progress.
Correct answer is: A major event or checkpoint in a project
Q.23 Which technique is used for analyzing the probability of completing a project on time?
PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique)
SWOT analysis
Fishbone diagram
Pareto analysis
Explanation - PERT uses optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely estimates to analyze project completion probability.
Correct answer is: PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique)
Q.24 In resource leveling, the primary goal is to:
Reduce project duration
Avoid resource over-allocation
Increase project scope
Accelerate critical path tasks
Explanation - Resource leveling adjusts the schedule to prevent overuse of resources, which may extend the project duration but ensures balanced workload.
Correct answer is: Avoid resource over-allocation