Q.1 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cloud computing?
On-demand self-service
Broad network access
Resource pooling
Manual hardware provisioning
Explanation - Cloud computing automates resource provisioning; manual hardware setup is not a characteristic.
Correct answer is: Manual hardware provisioning
Q.2 Which service model of cloud computing provides virtualized computing resources over the internet?
SaaS
PaaS
IaaS
DaaS
Explanation - IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) provides virtual machines, storage, and networking resources on demand.
Correct answer is: IaaS
Q.3 Which of the following is an example of a public cloud provider?
AWS
Private data center
On-premises server
Internal corporate network
Explanation - AWS (Amazon Web Services) is a well-known public cloud provider accessible over the internet.
Correct answer is: AWS
Q.4 Virtualization allows multiple operating systems to run on a single physical machine. Which software makes this possible?
Hypervisor
Firewall
Router
Database
Explanation - A hypervisor creates and manages virtual machines, enabling multiple OS instances on one hardware.
Correct answer is: Hypervisor
Q.5 In cloud computing, what does 'elasticity' refer to?
Ability to scale resources up or down dynamically
Ability to store unlimited data
Ability to perform tasks manually
Ability to run only one application at a time
Explanation - Elasticity means resources can automatically expand or shrink based on demand.
Correct answer is: Ability to scale resources up or down dynamically
Q.6 Which type of cloud deployment is shared among several organizations but has restricted access?
Public cloud
Private cloud
Hybrid cloud
Community cloud
Explanation - A community cloud is shared by multiple organizations with similar requirements and restricted access.
Correct answer is: Community cloud
Q.7 Which cloud service model allows users to run applications without managing the underlying infrastructure?
SaaS
PaaS
IaaS
HaaS
Explanation - Platform as a Service (PaaS) provides a platform to develop and run applications without managing hardware or OS.
Correct answer is: PaaS
Q.8 Which of the following is a virtualization technique that allows sharing of physical CPU among multiple virtual machines?
Time-sharing
Load balancing
Clustering
Caching
Explanation - Time-sharing allows multiple VMs to share CPU time on the same physical processor efficiently.
Correct answer is: Time-sharing
Q.9 Which of the following is a key benefit of cloud computing for organizations?
High capital expenditure
Pay-as-you-go pricing
Limited access to software
Manual hardware management
Explanation - Cloud computing reduces upfront costs by allowing organizations to pay only for resources they use.
Correct answer is: Pay-as-you-go pricing
Q.10 What is the main function of a Type-1 hypervisor?
Runs directly on hardware to manage virtual machines
Runs inside a guest OS
Monitors network traffic
Manages databases
Explanation - Type-1 hypervisors, also called bare-metal hypervisors, run directly on hardware and manage VMs efficiently.
Correct answer is: Runs directly on hardware to manage virtual machines
Q.11 Which cloud computing model delivers software applications over the internet?
SaaS
PaaS
IaaS
CaaS
Explanation - Software as a Service (SaaS) provides software applications accessible via a browser without local installation.
Correct answer is: SaaS
Q.12 Which of the following is NOT a type of virtualization?
Server virtualization
Network virtualization
Application virtualization
Manual virtualization
Explanation - Virtualization is a software-based technique; 'manual virtualization' is not a recognized type.
Correct answer is: Manual virtualization
Q.13 Which deployment model combines public and private clouds for greater flexibility?
Community cloud
Hybrid cloud
Private cloud
Distributed cloud
Explanation - Hybrid cloud integrates both public and private cloud environments to optimize flexibility and cost.
Correct answer is: Hybrid cloud
Q.14 Which cloud computing characteristic ensures users can access resources from anywhere with an internet connection?
Broad network access
Measured service
Rapid elasticity
Resource pooling
Explanation - Broad network access allows services to be available over standard networks and accessible from multiple devices.
Correct answer is: Broad network access
Q.15 What is the primary purpose of virtualization in data centers?
Increase hardware utilization and reduce costs
Increase physical server count
Reduce internet speed
Provide manual configuration options
Explanation - Virtualization allows multiple virtual machines to run on fewer physical servers, improving utilization and reducing costs.
Correct answer is: Increase hardware utilization and reduce costs
Q.16 Which of the following is an example of serverless computing in cloud?
AWS Lambda
Amazon EC2
Google Compute Engine
VMware ESXi
Explanation - Serverless computing allows execution of code without managing servers; AWS Lambda is a popular example.
Correct answer is: AWS Lambda
Q.17 Which feature of cloud computing allows automatic monitoring and optimization of resources?
Measured service
Resource pooling
Broad network access
On-demand self-service
Explanation - Measured service provides usage monitoring, metering, and optimization to manage resources efficiently.
Correct answer is: Measured service
Q.18 Which type of hypervisor runs on top of a host operating system?
Type-1 hypervisor
Type-2 hypervisor
Bare-metal hypervisor
Firmware hypervisor
Explanation - Type-2 hypervisors run on top of a host OS, suitable for desktops and development environments.
Correct answer is: Type-2 hypervisor
Q.19 Which term describes the sharing of computing resources to maximize efficiency in virtualization?
Resource pooling
Rapid elasticity
On-demand service
Broad access
Explanation - Resource pooling allows cloud providers to serve multiple consumers with dynamically assigned resources.
Correct answer is: Resource pooling
Q.20 Which cloud service allows developers to build and deploy applications without worrying about infrastructure?
PaaS
IaaS
SaaS
FaaS
Explanation - Platform as a Service provides development tools, OS, and infrastructure, allowing developers to focus on coding.
Correct answer is: PaaS
Q.21 Which of the following is a disadvantage of virtualization?
Single point of failure in hardware
High hardware utilization
Ease of testing multiple OS
Reduced energy consumption
Explanation - Virtualization can concentrate multiple VMs on a single physical server, making it a potential single point of failure.
Correct answer is: Single point of failure in hardware
Q.22 Which cloud model is entirely managed by a third-party provider and shared with multiple organizations?
Public cloud
Private cloud
Hybrid cloud
On-premises cloud
Explanation - Public clouds are fully managed by providers and accessible by multiple users over the internet.
Correct answer is: Public cloud
Q.23 Which technology is fundamental to enabling cloud computing?
Virtualization
Optical fiber
Antivirus software
Database indexing
Explanation - Virtualization abstracts hardware resources, enabling cloud computing by running multiple virtual environments.
Correct answer is: Virtualization
Q.24 Which of the following is a real-world example of SaaS?
Google Workspace
Microsoft Azure Virtual Machine
VMware vSphere
Dell PowerEdge server
Explanation - Google Workspace is a cloud-based software service delivered via the internet, making it SaaS.
Correct answer is: Google Workspace
Q.25 Which of the following best describes multi-tenancy in cloud computing?
Multiple users share the same resources securely
Multiple servers share one OS
Multiple networks are isolated physically
Single user controls multiple clouds
Explanation - Multi-tenancy allows several users or organizations to use the same physical resources securely and independently.
Correct answer is: Multiple users share the same resources securely