Q.1 Which of the following is the largest national park in India by area?
Jim Corbett National Park
Hemis National Park
Kaziranga National Park
Gir National Park
Explanation - Hemis National Park in Ladakh is the largest national park in India, covering approximately 4,400 sq km.
Correct answer is: Hemis National Park
Q.2 The term 'biosphere reserve' refers to:
A protected area for industrial development
A designated area for balancing biodiversity conservation and sustainable use
A place for zoo animals
A region with no human activity allowed
Explanation - Biosphere reserves are areas recognized under UNESCO's Man and Biosphere Programme, promoting conservation along with sustainable resource use.
Correct answer is: A designated area for balancing biodiversity conservation and sustainable use
Q.3 Which Indian state is known for the largest mangrove forest, the Sundarbans?
West Bengal
Andhra Pradesh
Odisha
Tamil Nadu
Explanation - The Sundarbans, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is the largest mangrove forest in the world, located in West Bengal and partly in Bangladesh.
Correct answer is: West Bengal
Q.4 Which of the following is a Project Tiger reserve?
Sundarbans
Gir
Nanda Devi
Periyar
Explanation - Periyar National Park in Kerala is one of the tiger reserves under Project Tiger, initiated in 1973 to protect tiger populations.
Correct answer is: Periyar
Q.5 The Wildlife Protection Act in India was enacted in which year?
1970
1972
1976
1980
Explanation - The Wildlife Protection Act was enacted in 1972 to provide legal protection to wildlife and regulate hunting and trade of species.
Correct answer is: 1972
Q.6 Which of the following is considered a keystone species in Indian forests?
Tiger
Elephant
Peacock
Mongoose
Explanation - Tigers are considered a keystone species as they maintain the structure of the ecosystem by regulating prey populations.
Correct answer is: Tiger
Q.7 The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve was the first biosphere reserve in India. In which year was it established?
1978
1986
1992
2000
Explanation - The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, spanning Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Karnataka, was established in 1986 as the first biosphere reserve in India.
Correct answer is: 1986
Q.8 Which type of forest is dominated by sal (Shorea robusta) trees in India?
Tropical Evergreen Forest
Deciduous Forest
Mangrove Forest
Coniferous Forest
Explanation - Sal trees are characteristic of tropical moist deciduous forests found in central and eastern India.
Correct answer is: Deciduous Forest
Q.9 The Desert National Park, which is home to the Great Indian Bustard, is located in which state?
Rajasthan
Gujarat
Haryana
Madhya Pradesh
Explanation - Desert National Park in Rajasthan protects the Thar Desert ecosystem and endangered species like the Great Indian Bustard.
Correct answer is: Rajasthan
Q.10 Which is the primary aim of the Green India Mission?
Industrial development
Forest and ecosystem restoration
Urban planning
Mining and quarrying
Explanation - The Green India Mission, launched under the National Action Plan on Climate Change, aims at restoring forests and enhancing carbon sequestration.
Correct answer is: Forest and ecosystem restoration
Q.11 Which Indian state has the highest forest cover by area?
Madhya Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Maharashtra
Karnataka
Explanation - Madhya Pradesh has the largest forested area in India, followed by Arunachal Pradesh in terms of forest density.
Correct answer is: Madhya Pradesh
Q.12 Which of the following species is critically endangered in India?
Asiatic Lion
Indian Elephant
Rhesus Macaque
Nilgiri Langur
Explanation - The Asiatic Lion, confined to Gir National Park in Gujarat, is listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List.
Correct answer is: Asiatic Lion
Q.13 The concept of 'Wildlife Corridor' is used to:
Connect fragmented habitats to allow animal movement
Build roads through forests
Separate predators from prey
Designate areas for hunting
Explanation - Wildlife corridors link isolated habitats, helping animals migrate safely, maintain genetic diversity, and reduce human-animal conflict.
Correct answer is: Connect fragmented habitats to allow animal movement
Q.14 Which Indian hill range is famous for its elephant reserves?
Nilgiri Hills
Aravalli Hills
Vindhya Hills
Satpura Hills
Explanation - The Nilgiri Hills, part of the Western Ghats, host several elephant reserves like Mudumalai and Anamalai, protecting Asian elephants.
Correct answer is: Nilgiri Hills
Q.15 Which of the following is an endemic species of the Western Ghats?
Lion-tailed Macaque
Tiger
Elephant
Indian Cobra
Explanation - The Lion-tailed Macaque is endemic to the tropical rainforests of the Western Ghats and is considered an endangered primate.
Correct answer is: Lion-tailed Macaque
Q.16 Which of the following is NOT a major threat to wildlife in India?
Habitat loss
Poaching
Climate change
Organic farming
Explanation - Organic farming is environmentally friendly, whereas habitat loss, poaching, and climate change are significant threats to wildlife.
Correct answer is: Organic farming
Q.17 The Corbett National Park is famous for:
Asiatic Lion
Royal Bengal Tiger
Snow Leopard
Indian Elephant
Explanation - Jim Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand is famous for tiger conservation and was the first national park in India.
Correct answer is: Royal Bengal Tiger
Q.18 The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are known for which unique forest type?
Tropical Evergreen
Mangrove
Deciduous
Coniferous
Explanation - These islands have extensive mangrove forests, which protect coastlines and provide habitat for diverse wildlife.
Correct answer is: Mangrove
Q.19 Which of the following is part of India’s Project Elephant initiative?
Kaziranga National Park
Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary
Nagarhole National Park
All of the above
Explanation - Project Elephant aims to protect elephant habitats and mitigate human-elephant conflicts across multiple states including Assam, Kerala, and Karnataka.
Correct answer is: All of the above
Q.20 Which is the largest mangrove species in India?
Avicennia
Rhizophora
Heritiera
Excoecaria
Explanation - Heritiera fomes, locally called Sundari, is the largest mangrove species and dominant in the Sundarbans.
Correct answer is: Heritiera
Q.21 Which of the following species is considered a flagship species in India?
Tiger
House Sparrow
Nilgiri Langur
Indian Starling
Explanation - The tiger is a flagship species used to promote conservation awareness and represents broader ecosystem health.
Correct answer is: Tiger
Q.22 Which of the following is a UNESCO World Heritage Site for wildlife in India?
Sundarbans National Park
Gir National Park
Kaziranga National Park
All of the above
Explanation - Sundarbans, Gir, and Kaziranga National Parks are UNESCO World Heritage Sites due to their unique biodiversity and wildlife importance.
Correct answer is: All of the above
Q.23 Which Indian legislation regulates the trade of endangered species?
Forest Conservation Act
Environment Protection Act
Wildlife Protection Act
Biological Diversity Act
Explanation - The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 regulates hunting, trade, and protection of endangered species in India.
Correct answer is: Wildlife Protection Act
Q.24 The Great Indian Bustard is primarily found in which Indian state?
Rajasthan
Maharashtra
Gujarat
Karnataka
Explanation - The Great Indian Bustard, critically endangered, is mainly found in Rajasthan's desert grasslands.
Correct answer is: Rajasthan