Q.1 Which of the following is a key characteristic of sustainable agriculture?
High pesticide use
Soil conservation
Monocropping
Excessive irrigation
Explanation - Sustainable agriculture emphasizes maintaining soil fertility, conserving resources, and minimizing environmental impact.
Correct answer is: Soil conservation
Q.2 Which crop is most sensitive to waterlogging?
Rice
Wheat
Barley
Maize
Explanation - Wheat is highly sensitive to waterlogging due to its shallow root system, unlike rice which thrives in waterlogged conditions.
Correct answer is: Wheat
Q.3 Agroforestry primarily helps in:
Increasing groundwater pollution
Increasing biodiversity
Monoculture expansion
Soil erosion
Explanation - Agroforestry integrates trees with crops, enhancing biodiversity, soil fertility, and climate resilience.
Correct answer is: Increasing biodiversity
Q.4 Which of the following is considered a biofertilizer?
Urea
Rhizobium
Ammonium nitrate
Superphosphate
Explanation - Rhizobium is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium used as a biofertilizer to improve soil fertility.
Correct answer is: Rhizobium
Q.5 Which Indian state is the largest producer of organic farming products?
Kerala
Sikkim
Punjab
Haryana
Explanation - Sikkim became India’s first fully organic state in 2016, promoting eco-friendly agriculture.
Correct answer is: Sikkim
Q.6 Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) was popularized by:
M. S. Swaminathan
Subhash Palekar
Norman Borlaug
Vandana Shiva
Explanation - Subhash Palekar pioneered Zero Budget Natural Farming as a sustainable farming practice.
Correct answer is: Subhash Palekar
Q.7 The main greenhouse gas emitted from paddy fields is:
Carbon dioxide
Nitrous oxide
Methane
Ozone
Explanation - Anaerobic decomposition in flooded paddy fields produces methane, a potent greenhouse gas.
Correct answer is: Methane
Q.8 Contour ploughing is mainly practiced to:
Increase crop yield
Conserve soil and water
Increase mechanization
Reduce pest infestation
Explanation - Contour ploughing reduces runoff and soil erosion by following the natural contour lines of the land.
Correct answer is: Conserve soil and water
Q.9 Which irrigation method is the most water-efficient?
Flood irrigation
Sprinkler irrigation
Drip irrigation
Canal irrigation
Explanation - Drip irrigation delivers water directly to plant roots, minimizing evaporation and water loss.
Correct answer is: Drip irrigation
Q.10 The Green Revolution in India primarily focused on:
Organic farming
High-yield crop varieties
Agroforestry
Biodynamic farming
Explanation - The Green Revolution emphasized HYVs of wheat and rice, along with irrigation and fertilizers.
Correct answer is: High-yield crop varieties
Q.11 Which nutrient deficiency causes chlorosis in plants?
Nitrogen
Calcium
Phosphorus
Sulphur
Explanation - Nitrogen deficiency reduces chlorophyll synthesis, leading to yellowing of leaves (chlorosis).
Correct answer is: Nitrogen
Q.12 Integrated Pest Management (IPM) promotes:
Only chemical pesticides
Biological control and minimal chemicals
Complete elimination of pests
Monoculture farming
Explanation - IPM combines biological, cultural, and chemical methods to manage pests sustainably.
Correct answer is: Biological control and minimal chemicals
Q.13 Shifting cultivation in India is commonly called:
Jhum
Rabi
Kharif
Taungya
Explanation - Shifting cultivation, known as Jhum, is traditionally practiced in Northeastern India.
Correct answer is: Jhum
Q.14 Which crop is known as a 'carbon-negative' crop due to its high CO2 absorption?
Sugarcane
Rice
Cotton
Maize
Explanation - Sugarcane absorbs more CO2 during photosynthesis than it emits, making it carbon-negative.
Correct answer is: Sugarcane
Q.15 Which farming method avoids the use of synthetic chemicals?
Organic farming
Intensive farming
Contract farming
Monocropping
Explanation - Organic farming relies on natural methods like compost, green manure, and biological control.
Correct answer is: Organic farming
Q.16 Which of the following is a Kharif crop?
Wheat
Mustard
Rice
Gram
Explanation - Kharif crops like rice are sown with the onset of monsoon and harvested in autumn.
Correct answer is: Rice
Q.17 Excessive use of chemical fertilizers leads to:
Eutrophication
Increase in soil fertility
Groundwater recharge
Biodiversity enhancement
Explanation - Fertilizer runoff leads to eutrophication in water bodies, causing algal blooms and oxygen depletion.
Correct answer is: Eutrophication
Q.18 Which soil is best suited for cotton cultivation?
Alluvial soil
Black soil
Laterite soil
Red soil
Explanation - Black soil (Regur soil) retains moisture and is ideal for cotton cultivation.
Correct answer is: Black soil
Q.19 Which Indian initiative promotes soil health management?
PMFBY
Soil Health Card Scheme
MUDRA Yojana
Digital India
Explanation - The Soil Health Card Scheme provides farmers with information on soil fertility and nutrient status.
Correct answer is: Soil Health Card Scheme
Q.20 Which gas is released during the denitrification process in soil?
Oxygen
Methane
Nitrous oxide
Carbon dioxide
Explanation - Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates into nitrogen gases including nitrous oxide.
Correct answer is: Nitrous oxide
Q.21 Which farming practice improves carbon sequestration?
Monocropping
Agroforestry
Excess tilling
Shifting cultivation
Explanation - Agroforestry enhances carbon storage by integrating trees with agricultural crops.
Correct answer is: Agroforestry
Q.22 Which Indian crop is primarily grown under dryland farming?
Rice
Sugarcane
Jowar
Banana
Explanation - Jowar is drought-resistant and commonly grown in dryland farming regions.
Correct answer is: Jowar
Q.23 Bt cotton is genetically modified for resistance against:
Weeds
Bollworm
Drought
Soil salinity
Explanation - Bt cotton contains a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis that provides resistance to bollworm pests.
Correct answer is: Bollworm
Q.24 Which agricultural practice is most responsible for groundwater depletion in India?
Drip irrigation
Flood irrigation
Rainfed farming
Contour farming
Explanation - Flood irrigation consumes excessive water, leading to groundwater over-extraction.
Correct answer is: Flood irrigation
Q.25 The term 'Navdanya' is associated with:
Organic seed conservation
Hybrid crop production
GM crop development
Agrochemical promotion
Explanation - Navdanya, founded by Vandana Shiva, promotes seed sovereignty and organic farming.
Correct answer is: Organic seed conservation