Q.1 Which of the following is the primary international document that protects human rights globally?
Geneva Convention
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Hague Convention
Treaty of Westphalia
Explanation - Adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) sets out fundamental human rights to be universally protected.
Correct answer is: Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Q.2 The principle of 'Rule of Law' implies:
Government can act arbitrarily
Law is supreme and applies equally to all
Judges have unchecked power
Citizens can ignore laws at will
Explanation - Rule of Law ensures that no one, including government officials, is above the law, and it applies equally to all citizens.
Correct answer is: Law is supreme and applies equally to all
Q.3 Which Article of the Indian Constitution guarantees the right to life and personal liberty?
Article 14
Article 21
Article 19
Article 32
Explanation - Article 21 of the Indian Constitution guarantees protection of life and personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.
Correct answer is: Article 21
Q.4 Which body is primarily responsible for the protection of human rights in India?
Supreme Court of India
National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)
Election Commission of India
Central Vigilance Commission
Explanation - NHRC is an autonomous public body constituted to protect and promote human rights in India.
Correct answer is: National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)
Q.5 Habeas Corpus is a legal remedy against:
Illegal detention
Tax evasion
Corruption
Environmental pollution
Explanation - Habeas Corpus is a writ seeking release of a person detained unlawfully, ensuring protection of personal liberty.
Correct answer is: Illegal detention
Q.6 Which of the following is considered an example of procedural justice?
Fair treatment during a legal trial
Equal allocation of resources
Strict punishment for crimes
Legislation by majority
Explanation - Procedural justice emphasizes fairness in the processes that resolve disputes and allocate resources.
Correct answer is: Fair treatment during a legal trial
Q.7 Which international treaty deals with the elimination of all forms of racial discrimination?
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
Convention on the Rights of the Child
Geneva Convention
Explanation - This UN treaty, adopted in 1965, obliges countries to eliminate racial discrimination in all forms.
Correct answer is: Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
Q.8 The concept of 'Social Justice' primarily focuses on:
Individual wealth accumulation
Equitable distribution of opportunities and resources
Strict law enforcement
Punishment over rehabilitation
Explanation - Social justice aims to create fair treatment in society, ensuring all individuals have equal opportunities and rights.
Correct answer is: Equitable distribution of opportunities and resources
Q.9 Which Article of the Indian Constitution provides protection against discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth?
Article 14
Article 15
Article 16
Article 17
Explanation - Article 15 prohibits discrimination by the state on specified grounds and promotes equality in society.
Correct answer is: Article 15
Q.10 Juvenile Justice Act in India primarily aims to:
Punish children strictly
Rehabilitate and protect children in conflict with law
Provide employment to juveniles
Regulate adult prisons
Explanation - The Juvenile Justice Act focuses on care, protection, and rehabilitation of children rather than punitive measures.
Correct answer is: Rehabilitate and protect children in conflict with law
Q.11 Which of the following is an example of an economic, social, and cultural right?
Right to vote
Right to education
Right to freedom of speech
Right against exploitation
Explanation - Economic, social, and cultural rights include rights related to basic welfare such as education, health, and adequate standard of living.
Correct answer is: Right to education
Q.12 Which principle ensures that human rights are applied universally without discrimination?
Non-derogability
Universality
Proportionality
Legitimacy
Explanation - The principle of universality states that human rights belong to every human being regardless of nationality, race, or religion.
Correct answer is: Universality
Q.13 Which of the following is NOT a fundamental right under the Indian Constitution?
Right to Equality
Right to Freedom
Right to Property
Right to Constitutional Remedies
Explanation - The Right to Property was removed from the list of Fundamental Rights and is now a legal right under Article 300A.
Correct answer is: Right to Property
Q.14 The International Criminal Court (ICC) primarily deals with:
Civil disputes between nations
Crimes against humanity, war crimes, and genocide
Trade disputes
Environmental protection
Explanation - The ICC is an international tribunal that prosecutes individuals for serious international crimes.
Correct answer is: Crimes against humanity, war crimes, and genocide
Q.15 Right to constitutional remedies under Article 32 ensures:
Citizens can approach the Supreme Court to enforce fundamental rights
Citizens can create laws
Citizens can amend the Constitution
Citizens can bypass courts
Explanation - Article 32 empowers individuals to seek the Supreme Court’s intervention in case of violation of fundamental rights.
Correct answer is: Citizens can approach the Supreme Court to enforce fundamental rights
Q.16 Which of the following international documents specifically addresses the rights of children?
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
Convention on the Rights of the Child
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Geneva Convention
Explanation - Adopted in 1989, this UN treaty recognizes the civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights of children.
Correct answer is: Convention on the Rights of the Child
Q.17 Which of the following is a preventive measure against human rights violations in India?
Death penalty
National Human Rights Commission
Arbitrary detention
Military courts
Explanation - The NHRC monitors and prevents human rights violations by promoting awareness and taking action against abuses.
Correct answer is: National Human Rights Commission
Q.18 Equality before law and equal protection of laws are guaranteed by which Article of the Indian Constitution?
Article 14
Article 19
Article 21
Article 25
Explanation - Article 14 ensures that the state treats all individuals equally and provides equal protection under the law.
Correct answer is: Article 14
Q.19 The concept of 'Natural Justice' includes which two main principles?
Right to appeal and right to vote
Audi alteram partem and Nemo judex in causa sua
Habeas corpus and Right to property
Freedom of speech and equality
Explanation - Natural justice ensures fairness through 'hear the other side' (audi alteram partem) and 'no one should be a judge in their own case' (nemo judex in causa sua).
Correct answer is: Audi alteram partem and Nemo judex in causa sua
Q.20 Which of the following is a form of civil right?
Right to vote
Right to work
Right to education
Right to minimum wage
Explanation - Civil rights are rights that protect individual freedoms and ensure participation in civil and political life, such as voting.
Correct answer is: Right to vote
Q.21 Which international body monitors compliance with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC)
International Court of Justice
World Bank
International Labour Organization
Explanation - UNHRC is responsible for promoting and protecting human rights around the world and monitoring adherence to UDHR principles.
Correct answer is: United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC)
Q.22 Freedom from torture is classified as which type of right?
Fundamental right
Human right
Economic right
Social right
Explanation - Freedom from torture is a fundamental human right protected under international law and various constitutional provisions.
Correct answer is: Human right
Q.23 The Right against Exploitation under Articles 23 and 24 prohibits:
Human trafficking and child labor
Right to equality
Right to property
Freedom of speech
Explanation - Articles 23 and 24 protect citizens from trafficking, forced labor, and child labor in India.
Correct answer is: Human trafficking and child labor
Q.24 Which international principle suggests that states should respect and ensure human rights within their territory?
Sovereign immunity
State responsibility
Diplomatic immunity
Collective security
Explanation - State responsibility obliges governments to protect human rights and prevent violations within their jurisdiction.
Correct answer is: State responsibility