Q.1 Which organization is primarily responsible for maintaining international peace and security?
World Trade Organization
United Nations
International Monetary Fund
World Health Organization
Explanation - The United Nations (UN) was established in 1945 to maintain international peace and security, promote human rights, and foster social and economic development.
Correct answer is: United Nations
Q.2 The term 'BRICS' refers to an association of five major emerging national economies. Which of the following countries is NOT part of BRICS?
Brazil
Russia
India
Mexico
Explanation - BRICS stands for Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. Mexico is not part of this group.
Correct answer is: Mexico
Q.3 Which treaty is associated with the nuclear non-proliferation regime?
Kyoto Protocol
Geneva Conventions
Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)
Paris Agreement
Explanation - The NPT, signed in 1968, aims to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons, promote peaceful use of nuclear energy, and further the goal of nuclear disarmament.
Correct answer is: Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)
Q.4 Which of the following is a primary function of the International Monetary Fund (IMF)?
Promoting free trade agreements
Providing financial assistance to countries in balance-of-payments crises
Issuing global environmental regulations
Maintaining international peace
Explanation - The IMF provides financial support and policy advice to countries facing balance-of-payments problems to stabilize their economies.
Correct answer is: Providing financial assistance to countries in balance-of-payments crises
Q.5 The G20 primarily focuses on which of the following?
Global health policies
International security alliances
Economic cooperation among major economies
Climate change treaties
Explanation - The G20, established in 1999, brings together the world's major economies to discuss and coordinate on international financial stability and economic policies.
Correct answer is: Economic cooperation among major economies
Q.6 Which international organization is responsible for regulating global trade?
World Trade Organization (WTO)
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
World Bank
International Labour Organization (ILO)
Explanation - The WTO oversees international trade rules, resolves trade disputes, and facilitates trade negotiations among its member countries.
Correct answer is: World Trade Organization (WTO)
Q.7 The Paris Agreement (2015) is related to which global issue?
Nuclear disarmament
Climate change and greenhouse gas reduction
International trade regulations
Humanitarian law
Explanation - The Paris Agreement aims to limit global warming to well below 2°C by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing climate resilience.
Correct answer is: Climate change and greenhouse gas reduction
Q.8 Which of the following countries is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council?
Germany
Japan
Russia
Brazil
Explanation - The five permanent members of the UN Security Council are the US, UK, France, Russia, and China, each having veto power on substantive matters.
Correct answer is: Russia
Q.9 What is the main objective of the International Court of Justice (ICJ)?
Arbitrating trade disputes
Settling disputes between states according to international law
Monitoring human rights
Providing development aid
Explanation - The ICJ, the principal judicial organ of the UN, adjudicates legal disputes submitted by states and provides advisory opinions on legal questions referred by UN bodies.
Correct answer is: Settling disputes between states according to international law
Q.10 The term 'Soft Power' in international relations refers to:
Military strength
Economic sanctions
Cultural and diplomatic influence
Cyber warfare capabilities
Explanation - Soft power, coined by Joseph Nye, refers to the ability of a country to influence others through culture, political values, and foreign policies rather than military or economic coercion.
Correct answer is: Cultural and diplomatic influence
Q.11 Which organization launched the 'Millennium Development Goals' in 2000?
World Bank
United Nations
International Monetary Fund
World Health Organization
Explanation - The UN established the MDGs to address key global challenges such as poverty, education, gender equality, and health by 2015.
Correct answer is: United Nations
Q.12 Which of the following best describes the 'Cold War' period?
A military conflict between the US and Germany
An ideological and geopolitical struggle between the US and the Soviet Union
A trade war between the East and West
A global pandemic crisis
Explanation - The Cold War (1947–1991) was characterized by ideological rivalry, arms race, and proxy wars between the capitalist US and the communist Soviet Union without direct large-scale fighting between the two superpowers.
Correct answer is: An ideological and geopolitical struggle between the US and the Soviet Union
Q.13 The World Health Organization (WHO) primarily focuses on:
Economic development
Global health and disease prevention
International trade
Nuclear security
Explanation - WHO directs international health within the UN system, sets health standards, monitors health trends, and provides technical support to countries.
Correct answer is: Global health and disease prevention
Q.14 Which summit brings together the leaders of the 28 European Union member states?
G7 Summit
European Council Summit
ASEAN Summit
G20 Summit
Explanation - The European Council Summit is the formal gathering of the heads of state or government of the EU member states to define policy directions and priorities.
Correct answer is: European Council Summit
Q.15 Which global issue is primarily addressed by the Kyoto Protocol?
Biodiversity conservation
Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions
International trade liberalization
Maritime security
Explanation - The Kyoto Protocol (1997) set legally binding targets for industrialized countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to combat climate change.
Correct answer is: Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions
Q.16 Which country hosts the headquarters of the International Labour Organization (ILO)?
Geneva, Switzerland
Vienna, Austria
Rome, Italy
Paris, France
Explanation - The ILO, a UN specialized agency that promotes labor rights and decent work worldwide, is headquartered in Geneva.
Correct answer is: Geneva, Switzerland
Q.17 Which of the following is a key objective of the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF)?
Promoting economic integration in Africa
Enhancing security dialogue in the Asia-Pacific region
Regulating global oil prices
Resolving European Union disputes
Explanation - The ARF promotes dialogue and consultation on political and security issues among Asia-Pacific countries to strengthen regional security.
Correct answer is: Enhancing security dialogue in the Asia-Pacific region
Q.18 Which international organization manages the global system of satellite-based navigation called GPS?
European Space Agency
United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs
US Department of Defense
International Telecommunication Union
Explanation - The GPS network is managed and operated by the US Department of Defense, although it is freely accessible globally for civilian use.
Correct answer is: US Department of Defense
Q.19 Which international agreement aims to eliminate chemical weapons worldwide?
Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC)
Geneva Protocol
Montreal Protocol
Paris Agreement
Explanation - The CWC, effective from 1997, prohibits the development, production, stockpiling, and use of chemical weapons and mandates their destruction.
Correct answer is: Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC)
Q.20 Which is the primary purpose of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)?
Regulate nuclear weapons globally
Promote safe and peaceful use of nuclear energy
Mediate trade disputes
Enforce human rights conventions
Explanation - The IAEA encourages the peaceful use of nuclear energy, verifies nuclear non-proliferation commitments, and provides safeguards to prevent misuse.
Correct answer is: Promote safe and peaceful use of nuclear energy
Q.21 The term 'Humanitarian Intervention' in international relations refers to:
Military action to protect human rights
Economic sanctions against rogue states
Cultural exchange programs
Diplomatic negotiations
Explanation - Humanitarian intervention involves using force by a state or group of states to prevent or stop widespread human suffering, especially in cases of genocide or crimes against humanity.
Correct answer is: Military action to protect human rights
Q.22 Which initiative focuses on promoting global cybersecurity cooperation among nations?
Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI)
Paris Climate Accord
World Health Regulations
Bretton Woods Agreement
Explanation - The GCI, developed by the International Telecommunication Union, measures countries' commitment to cybersecurity and promotes global cooperation.
Correct answer is: Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI)
Q.23 Which of the following is a major objective of the World Bank?
Promote international peacekeeping
Reduce poverty and support development projects
Set global health standards
Manage nuclear arms control
Explanation - The World Bank provides financial and technical assistance to developing countries for infrastructure, education, health, and poverty alleviation projects.
Correct answer is: Reduce poverty and support development projects
Q.24 Which region is the primary focus of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)?
South America
Central and South Asia
Middle East
Africa
Explanation - The SCO is a regional organization founded by China, Russia, and Central Asian countries to promote security, economic cooperation, and political stability in Central and South Asia.
Correct answer is: Central and South Asia