Q.1 Who is considered the father of modern Communism?
Vladimir Lenin
Karl Marx
Joseph Stalin
Mao Zedong
Explanation - Karl Marx, along with Friedrich Engels, laid the foundation of modern communist theory through works like 'The Communist Manifesto'.
Correct answer is: Karl Marx
Q.2 Which book, co-authored by Marx and Engels, is a key text of Communism?
Das Kapital
The Wealth of Nations
The Communist Manifesto
State and Revolution
Explanation - 'The Communist Manifesto' (1848) outlined the principles of Communism and the struggle between classes.
Correct answer is: The Communist Manifesto
Q.3 Communism advocates for the abolition of which system?
Democracy
Private Property
Religion
Education
Explanation - Communism seeks to abolish private property to eliminate class distinctions and promote collective ownership.
Correct answer is: Private Property
Q.4 What is the ultimate goal of Communism according to Marx?
Classless society
Democratic rule
Dictatorship
Monarchy
Explanation - Communism aims for a stateless, classless society where resources are shared equally.
Correct answer is: Classless society
Q.5 Which revolution led to the first communist state?
French Revolution
Russian Revolution of 1917
Chinese Revolution
Industrial Revolution
Explanation - The Russian Revolution established the Soviet Union, the first state based on communist principles.
Correct answer is: Russian Revolution of 1917
Q.6 What is the term used by Marx for the working class?
Proletariat
Bourgeoisie
Aristocracy
Peasantry
Explanation - The proletariat represents the working class in Marxist theory.
Correct answer is: Proletariat
Q.7 What does Marx call the capitalist class that owns the means of production?
Proletariat
Aristocracy
Bourgeoisie
Monarchs
Explanation - In Marxist theory, the bourgeoisie own the means of production and exploit the proletariat.
Correct answer is: Bourgeoisie
Q.8 Which leader applied Communist ideas in China?
Sun Yat-sen
Mao Zedong
Chiang Kai-shek
Deng Xiaoping
Explanation - Mao Zedong led the Communist Revolution in China, founding the People's Republic of China in 1949.
Correct answer is: Mao Zedong
Q.9 According to Marx, what drives historical change?
Religion
Class struggle
Geography
Technology
Explanation - Marx believed history advances through struggles between social classes.
Correct answer is: Class struggle
Q.10 What does 'dictatorship of the proletariat' mean?
Authoritarian rule by a dictator
Temporary rule by working class
Rule by monarchy
Military dictatorship
Explanation - Marx described it as a transitional phase where the working class controls the state before achieving a classless society.
Correct answer is: Temporary rule by working class
Q.11 Which economic system does Communism oppose?
Feudalism
Capitalism
Socialism
Mercantilism
Explanation - Communism emerged as a critique of capitalism, seeking to replace it with collective ownership.
Correct answer is: Capitalism
Q.12 Which concept is central to Communism?
Equality
Competition
Profit
Inheritance
Explanation - Communism emphasizes equality through shared ownership and abolition of class divisions.
Correct answer is: Equality
Q.13 Which Soviet leader implemented the policy of collectivization?
Lenin
Trotsky
Stalin
Khrushchev
Explanation - Joseph Stalin forced collectivization of agriculture, aiming to strengthen communism in the USSR.
Correct answer is: Stalin
Q.14 Which term refers to Marx’s theory of how economic base influences all other aspects of society?
Historical materialism
Surplus value
Alienation
Class consciousness
Explanation - Marx’s historical materialism explains that the economic structure determines politics, law, and culture.
Correct answer is: Historical materialism
Q.15 What is 'surplus value' in Marxist theory?
Excess profit taken by workers
Excess value produced by workers taken by capitalists
Taxes collected by the state
Value of unused goods
Explanation - Marx argued that capitalists exploit workers by appropriating surplus value from their labor.
Correct answer is: Excess value produced by workers taken by capitalists
Q.16 Which communist leader introduced the New Economic Policy (NEP) in the Soviet Union?
Stalin
Trotsky
Lenin
Khrushchev
Explanation - Lenin introduced the NEP in 1921 to allow limited capitalism to revive the Soviet economy.
Correct answer is: Lenin
Q.17 In Marxist theory, what is 'alienation'?
Isolation of workers from religion
Separation of workers from product of their labor
Conflict between nations
Division of labor in factories
Explanation - Marx argued that workers under capitalism become alienated from their work, products, and human potential.
Correct answer is: Separation of workers from product of their labor
Q.18 Which war contributed to the global spread of Communism in the 20th century?
World War I
World War II
Cold War
Vietnam War
Explanation - World War II expanded Soviet influence in Eastern Europe, helping spread communist ideology globally.
Correct answer is: World War II
Q.19 What does 'means of production' refer to in Communism?
Tools, factories, and resources used to produce goods
Money and profit
Education systems
Military weapons
Explanation - Marx defined 'means of production' as the physical resources needed for economic activity.
Correct answer is: Tools, factories, and resources used to produce goods
Q.20 Which European country was divided into communist and capitalist zones after World War II?
France
Germany
Italy
Poland
Explanation - Post-WWII Germany was divided into East Germany (communist) and West Germany (capitalist).
Correct answer is: Germany
Q.21 Who succeeded Lenin as leader of the Soviet Union?
Trotsky
Stalin
Khrushchev
Brezhnev
Explanation - Joseph Stalin rose to power after Lenin's death and established a highly centralized communist regime.
Correct answer is: Stalin
Q.22 What was the Cold War primarily about?
Religious differences
Military alliances
Ideological conflict between Communism and Capitalism
Colonial independence
Explanation - The Cold War was a geopolitical and ideological struggle between the capitalist West and communist East.
Correct answer is: Ideological conflict between Communism and Capitalism
Q.23 Which leader initiated 'Perestroika' and 'Glasnost' reforms in the USSR?
Stalin
Brezhnev
Gorbachev
Lenin
Explanation - Mikhail Gorbachev introduced reforms in the 1980s that eventually contributed to the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Correct answer is: Gorbachev
Q.24 Which Asian country, besides China, adopted Communism in the mid-20th century?
Japan
India
Vietnam
Thailand
Explanation - Vietnam, under Ho Chi Minh, embraced Communism and defeated the US-backed South Vietnam in 1975.
Correct answer is: Vietnam
Q.25 Which famous phrase summarizes the Communist aim: 'From each according to his ability, to each according to his ______'?
Wealth
Need
Power
Status
Explanation - The slogan expresses the idea of distributing resources based on individual needs, not wealth or power.
Correct answer is: Need