Q.1 What event in 476 CE is often considered the beginning of the Medieval period in Europe?
The fall of Constantinople
The fall of the Western Roman Empire
The Viking invasions
The signing of the Magna Carta
Explanation - The collapse of the Western Roman Empire in 476 CE is widely considered the start of the Medieval period, marking the end of classical antiquity.
Correct answer is: The fall of the Western Roman Empire
Q.2 What was the primary language of the Catholic Church in Medieval Europe?
Greek
Latin
French
German
Explanation - Latin was the official liturgical and scholarly language of the Catholic Church throughout Medieval Europe.
Correct answer is: Latin
Q.3 Who was crowned the first Holy Roman Emperor in 800 CE?
Otto I
Charlemagne
Clovis I
Justinian I
Explanation - On Christmas Day in 800 CE, Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne as the Holy Roman Emperor, reviving the title in Western Europe.
Correct answer is: Charlemagne
Q.4 What system of landholding and obligations dominated Medieval Europe?
Capitalism
Feudalism
Mercantilism
Communalism
Explanation - Feudalism was the dominant social and economic system in medieval Europe, where land was exchanged for military and service obligations.
Correct answer is: Feudalism
Q.5 What was the name of the Medieval code of conduct for knights?
Magna Carta
Chivalry
Justinian Code
Edict of Worms
Explanation - The code of chivalry dictated honor, loyalty, and courtly behavior for knights in Medieval Europe.
Correct answer is: Chivalry
Q.6 Which group of Scandinavian warriors raided and settled parts of Europe during the Middle Ages?
Mongols
Huns
Vikings
Franks
Explanation - Vikings from Scandinavia raided, traded, and settled across Europe between the 8th and 11th centuries.
Correct answer is: Vikings
Q.7 What catastrophic event killed millions in Europe between 1347 and 1351?
The Hundred Years’ War
The Black Death
The Great Schism
The Crusades
Explanation - The Black Death, caused by the bubonic plague, spread across Europe and killed an estimated one-third of the population.
Correct answer is: The Black Death
Q.8 Which English document, signed in 1215, limited the power of the king?
Domesday Book
Bill of Rights
Magna Carta
Constitution
Explanation - The Magna Carta was signed in 1215 by King John of England, establishing limits on royal authority.
Correct answer is: Magna Carta
Q.9 Who led the Norman Conquest of England in 1066?
Richard the Lionheart
Henry II
William the Conqueror
Edward the Confessor
Explanation - William, Duke of Normandy, defeated Harold II at the Battle of Hastings in 1066, becoming William the Conqueror of England.
Correct answer is: William the Conqueror
Q.10 What was the main purpose of the Crusades?
To expand trade routes
To spread Protestantism
To reclaim the Holy Land
To overthrow monarchs
Explanation - The Crusades were religious wars initiated by the Catholic Church to reclaim Jerusalem and other holy sites from Muslim control.
Correct answer is: To reclaim the Holy Land
Q.11 Which Frankish king converted to Christianity around 496 CE?
Clovis I
Pepin the Short
Charlemagne
Louis the Pious
Explanation - Clovis I, king of the Franks, converted to Christianity, strengthening ties with the Catholic Church.
Correct answer is: Clovis I
Q.12 What was the name of the Byzantine legal code compiled under Emperor Justinian?
Magna Carta
Code of Hammurabi
Justinian Code
Domesday Book
Explanation - The Justinian Code organized Roman law and had a lasting influence on European legal systems.
Correct answer is: Justinian Code
Q.13 Which war between England and France lasted from 1337 to 1453?
The Thirty Years’ War
The War of Roses
The Hundred Years’ War
The Napoleonic Wars
Explanation - The Hundred Years’ War was a prolonged conflict over territory and succession between England and France.
Correct answer is: The Hundred Years’ War
Q.14 Who was the French heroine who inspired troops during the Hundred Years’ War?
Catherine de Medici
Joan of Arc
Eleanor of Aquitaine
Isabella of Castile
Explanation - Joan of Arc claimed divine guidance and played a crucial role in leading French forces to victory, later being canonized as a saint.
Correct answer is: Joan of Arc
Q.15 Which architectural style is characterized by pointed arches and stained glass windows?
Romanesque
Baroque
Gothic
Renaissance
Explanation - Gothic architecture, prominent in cathedrals, featured pointed arches, flying buttresses, and stained glass.
Correct answer is: Gothic
Q.16 What was the Inquisition primarily established to combat?
Feudal lords
Vikings
Heresy
Plague
Explanation - The Inquisition was a Church institution established to investigate and punish heresy within Europe.
Correct answer is: Heresy
Q.17 What was the economic system where peasants worked land owned by lords?
Capitalism
Manorialism
Socialism
Guild system
Explanation - Manorialism structured rural economy in the Middle Ages, with peasants working on lords’ estates in exchange for protection.
Correct answer is: Manorialism
Q.18 What year did the Great Schism split the Christian Church into Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox?
476 CE
800 CE
1054 CE
1215 CE
Explanation - The Great Schism in 1054 divided Christianity into Roman Catholicism in the West and Eastern Orthodoxy in the East.
Correct answer is: 1054 CE
Q.19 Who wrote 'The Divine Comedy,' a major literary work of the Middle Ages?
Geoffrey Chaucer
Dante Alighieri
Thomas Aquinas
Petrarch
Explanation - Dante Alighieri’s 'Divine Comedy' is a cornerstone of medieval literature, describing a journey through Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven.
Correct answer is: Dante Alighieri
Q.20 Which battle in 732 CE halted Muslim expansion into Western Europe?
Battle of Hastings
Battle of Tours
Battle of Agincourt
Battle of Poitiers
Explanation - Charles Martel’s victory at the Battle of Tours in 732 stopped the advance of Muslim armies into Western Europe.
Correct answer is: Battle of Tours
Q.21 What was the name of the trade association of northern European cities?
Silk Road Alliance
Hanseatic League
Medici Bank
Florentine Guild
Explanation - The Hanseatic League was a commercial and defensive confederation of merchant guilds and market towns in Northern Europe.
Correct answer is: Hanseatic League
Q.22 What was the main goal of medieval guilds?
Overthrow monarchs
Regulate trade and craftsmanship
Spread Christianity
Collect taxes
Explanation - Guilds controlled the quality, training, and prices of goods in medieval towns, supporting craftsmen and protecting trade.
Correct answer is: Regulate trade and craftsmanship
Q.23 What was the Reconquista in medieval Spain?
A war between Spain and France
The Christian reconquest of Muslim-held lands
A Viking invasion
A peasant uprising
Explanation - The Reconquista was the centuries-long effort by Christian kingdoms to reclaim the Iberian Peninsula from Muslim rule.
Correct answer is: The Christian reconquest of Muslim-held lands
Q.24 What was the purpose of the Domesday Book in England?
To record laws
To list noble families
To survey land and taxes
To record church decrees
Explanation - The Domesday Book, commissioned by William the Conqueror in 1086, was a survey for taxation and land ownership.
Correct answer is: To survey land and taxes
Q.25 What term describes land granted to a vassal in feudal society?
Serfdom
Fief
Guild
Manor
Explanation - A fief was land granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for loyalty and service under the feudal system.
Correct answer is: Fief