Q.1 What does 'population density' refer to?
The number of people in a region
The number of people per unit area
The total land area of a country
The growth rate of population
Explanation - Population density is calculated as the number of people living per unit of land area, usually per square kilometer.
Correct answer is: The number of people per unit area
Q.2 Which country currently has the highest population in the world?
India
United States
China
Brazil
Explanation - As of 2023, India surpassed China to become the most populous country in the world.
Correct answer is: India
Q.3 What is the term for the difference between the birth rate and the death rate?
Population density
Natural increase
Population momentum
Migration rate
Explanation - Natural increase refers to population growth resulting from the difference between the crude birth rate and crude death rate.
Correct answer is: Natural increase
Q.4 Which continent has the fastest population growth rate?
Europe
Africa
Asia
South America
Explanation - Africa has the fastest population growth rate due to high fertility rates and declining mortality rates.
Correct answer is: Africa
Q.5 What is the study of population called?
Ecology
Demography
Geology
Cartography
Explanation - Demography is the scientific study of human populations, focusing on size, structure, distribution, and trends.
Correct answer is: Demography
Q.6 What is the main factor influencing rural-to-urban migration?
Better climate
Job opportunities
Smaller families
Lower crime rates
Explanation - People migrate from rural to urban areas mainly in search of better employment and economic opportunities.
Correct answer is: Job opportunities
Q.7 Which population pyramid shape represents a developing country?
Narrow base
Broad base
Uniform shape
Inverted pyramid
Explanation - A broad base indicates a high proportion of young people, typical of developing countries with high birth rates.
Correct answer is: Broad base
Q.8 What does 'life expectancy' measure?
Average age at which people marry
Average number of years a person is expected to live
Maximum age possible for humans
Average age of retirement
Explanation - Life expectancy measures the average number of years a newborn is expected to live under current mortality rates.
Correct answer is: Average number of years a person is expected to live
Q.9 Which factor does NOT directly affect population distribution?
Climate
Soil fertility
Technology
Ocean tides
Explanation - While climate, soil fertility, and technology influence where people live, ocean tides do not directly determine population distribution.
Correct answer is: Ocean tides
Q.10 What is the term for the number of births per 1,000 people per year?
Mortality rate
Birth rate
Fertility rate
Dependency ratio
Explanation - Birth rate is defined as the number of live births per 1,000 people in a population in a year.
Correct answer is: Birth rate
Q.11 What does the 'dependency ratio' measure?
Ratio of men to women
Ratio of working-age to non-working-age population
Ratio of urban to rural residents
Ratio of population growth to decline
Explanation - The dependency ratio compares the number of dependents (young and elderly) to the working-age population.
Correct answer is: Ratio of working-age to non-working-age population
Q.12 Which country is expected to experience population decline by 2050?
Nigeria
Japan
India
Ethiopia
Explanation - Japan faces an aging population and low birth rates, leading to projected population decline.
Correct answer is: Japan
Q.13 What does 'population momentum' mean?
Population stays constant
Population continues to grow despite declining birth rates
Population decreases due to migration
Population shifts due to war
Explanation - Population momentum occurs because of a large base of young people who will enter reproductive age, sustaining growth.
Correct answer is: Population continues to grow despite declining birth rates
Q.14 What is the main cause of population aging?
Higher birth rates
Lower life expectancy
Decreasing fertility rates
Rapid migration
Explanation - Population aging happens when fertility rates decline, leading to a larger proportion of older people.
Correct answer is: Decreasing fertility rates
Q.15 Which country has the lowest population density?
India
Bangladesh
Mongolia
United Kingdom
Explanation - Mongolia has one of the lowest population densities in the world due to its vast land area and small population.
Correct answer is: Mongolia
Q.16 What is the estimated global population in 2023?
6 billion
7 billion
8 billion
9 billion
Explanation - The world population crossed 8 billion in November 2022, as estimated by the United Nations.
Correct answer is: 8 billion
Q.17 What is meant by 'carrying capacity'?
The maximum number of people an area can support sustainably
The number of people a city can transport daily
The total food a nation produces
The migration potential of a country
Explanation - Carrying capacity refers to the largest population that an environment can sustain without environmental degradation.
Correct answer is: The maximum number of people an area can support sustainably
Q.18 What does 'crude death rate' measure?
Deaths per 1,000 people per year
Deaths in hospitals only
Deaths due to old age
Deaths of infants under 1 year
Explanation - Crude death rate measures the total number of deaths per 1,000 people in a given year.
Correct answer is: Deaths per 1,000 people per year
Q.19 What is the main reason for high fertility rates in developing countries?
High literacy rates
Better medical care
Economic reliance on large families
Low infant mortality
Explanation - In many developing countries, families rely on children for labor and support in old age, leading to high fertility.
Correct answer is: Economic reliance on large families
Q.20 Which is a consequence of overpopulation?
Resource scarcity
Higher literacy rates
Population aging
Low dependency ratio
Explanation - Overpopulation leads to pressure on resources such as food, water, and housing.
Correct answer is: Resource scarcity
Q.21 Which region has the highest urban population percentage?
North America
Africa
Asia
South America
Explanation - North America has the highest proportion of people living in urban areas, with over 80% urbanization.
Correct answer is: North America
Q.22 What is the main factor behind Europe's population decline?
High fertility rates
Emigration
Low fertility rates
Increased immigration
Explanation - Europe faces population decline mainly due to low fertility rates and aging populations.
Correct answer is: Low fertility rates
Q.23 Which is the most densely populated country in the world?
India
Monaco
Bangladesh
Singapore
Explanation - Monaco is the most densely populated country, with over 25,000 people per square kilometer.
Correct answer is: Monaco
Q.24 What does 'infant mortality rate' measure?
Deaths of children under age 5
Deaths of infants under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Deaths due to malnutrition
Deaths of infants in hospitals only
Explanation - Infant mortality rate measures the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births.
Correct answer is: Deaths of infants under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Q.25 What does the term 'fertility rate' mean?
Number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime
Number of births per 1,000 people
Number of women in childbearing age
Number of married women per 1,000
Explanation - The fertility rate refers to the average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime.
Correct answer is: Number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime