Q.1 What is the primary source of energy that drives weather on Earth?
The Moon
The Sun
Volcanoes
Ocean Currents
Explanation - The Sun provides the heat energy that drives atmospheric circulation and weather patterns on Earth.
Correct answer is: The Sun
Q.2 What instrument is used to measure atmospheric pressure?
Thermometer
Anemometer
Barometer
Hygrometer
Explanation - A barometer measures atmospheric pressure, which helps forecast weather changes.
Correct answer is: Barometer
Q.3 Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Exosphere
Explanation - The ozone layer is located in the stratosphere and protects Earth from harmful UV radiation.
Correct answer is: Stratosphere
Q.4 What type of cloud is typically associated with thunderstorms?
Cirrus
Cumulonimbus
Stratus
Altostratus
Explanation - Cumulonimbus clouds are tall, dense clouds that produce thunderstorms and heavy rain.
Correct answer is: Cumulonimbus
Q.5 What is the boundary between two different air masses called?
Jet Stream
Front
Thermocline
Inversion Layer
Explanation - A front is a boundary between two air masses with different temperatures and densities.
Correct answer is: Front
Q.6 Which scale is used to measure the intensity of hurricanes?
Saffir-Simpson Scale
Richter Scale
Beaufort Scale
Fujita Scale
Explanation - The Saffir-Simpson scale categorizes hurricanes based on wind speed and potential damage.
Correct answer is: Saffir-Simpson Scale
Q.7 What causes wind?
Rotation of Earth
Differences in air pressure
Cloud movement
Ocean waves
Explanation - Wind is the movement of air caused by pressure differences in the atmosphere.
Correct answer is: Differences in air pressure
Q.8 Which instrument measures wind speed?
Barometer
Thermometer
Anemometer
Rain Gauge
Explanation - An anemometer is used to measure wind speed, often used in weather stations.
Correct answer is: Anemometer
Q.9 What is the term for a large rotating storm system in the Northern Hemisphere?
Cyclone
Anticyclone
Hurricane
Tornado
Explanation - Cyclones are large low-pressure systems rotating counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere.
Correct answer is: Cyclone
Q.10 Which gas makes up most of the Earth's atmosphere?
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Carbon Dioxide
Argon
Explanation - Nitrogen makes up about 78% of Earth's atmosphere.
Correct answer is: Nitrogen
Q.11 What is the process of water vapor changing directly into ice called?
Condensation
Evaporation
Sublimation
Deposition
Explanation - Deposition is when water vapor changes directly into ice without becoming liquid first.
Correct answer is: Deposition
Q.12 Which wind belt is responsible for most of the weather in the United States?
Trade Winds
Polar Easterlies
Westerlies
Monsoons
Explanation - Westerlies blow from west to east in the mid-latitudes and influence U.S. weather.
Correct answer is: Westerlies
Q.13 What does a hygrometer measure?
Air Pressure
Humidity
Temperature
Wind Direction
Explanation - A hygrometer measures the amount of moisture (humidity) in the air.
Correct answer is: Humidity
Q.14 What causes the Coriolis effect?
Earth’s rotation
Gravitational pull of the moon
Ocean currents
Sunlight
Explanation - The Coriolis effect is the deflection of moving air and water due to Earth’s rotation.
Correct answer is: Earth’s rotation
Q.15 What is the average air pressure at sea level?
1013 hPa
760 hPa
500 hPa
2000 hPa
Explanation - Standard atmospheric pressure at sea level is 1013 hPa (hectopascals).
Correct answer is: 1013 hPa
Q.16 Which cloud type is thin and wispy and found at high altitudes?
Cumulus
Stratus
Cirrus
Nimbostratus
Explanation - Cirrus clouds are high, thin, and wispy clouds made of ice crystals.
Correct answer is: Cirrus
Q.17 What is a tornado?
A rotating column of air in contact with the ground
A type of thunderstorm
A small hurricane
A dust storm
Explanation - A tornado is a violently rotating column of air that extends from a thunderstorm to the ground.
Correct answer is: A rotating column of air in contact with the ground
Q.18 Which instrument is used to measure rainfall?
Barometer
Rain Gauge
Anemometer
Hygrometer
Explanation - A rain gauge measures the amount of precipitation that falls over a period of time.
Correct answer is: Rain Gauge
Q.19 What is El Niño?
A strong hurricane
An ocean warming event
A type of tornado
A cold ocean current
Explanation - El Niño is a periodic warming of the central and eastern Pacific Ocean that affects global weather.
Correct answer is: An ocean warming event
Q.20 Which part of a hurricane has the calmest weather?
Eye wall
Spiral Bands
Eye
Outer edges
Explanation - The eye of a hurricane is calm with clear skies, surrounded by the most intense winds.
Correct answer is: Eye
Q.21 What is the study of weather called?
Climatology
Meteorology
Astronomy
Geology
Explanation - Meteorology is the scientific study of weather and atmospheric conditions.
Correct answer is: Meteorology
Q.22 Which phenomenon causes lightning?
Friction between air masses
Charge separation in clouds
Strong winds
Evaporation of water
Explanation - Lightning occurs due to electrical charge separation within clouds, leading to a sudden discharge.
Correct answer is: Charge separation in clouds
Q.23 What type of precipitation forms when raindrops freeze before reaching the ground?
Snow
Hail
Sleet
Freezing Rain
Explanation - Sleet forms when raindrops freeze into ice pellets before hitting the ground.
Correct answer is: Sleet
Q.24 What is the name of the global wind pattern near the equator?
Westerlies
Trade Winds
Polar Easterlies
Monsoons
Explanation - Trade winds blow steadily toward the equator and are important for ocean navigation.
Correct answer is: Trade Winds
Q.25 Which instrument measures temperature?
Thermometer
Barometer
Anemometer
Hygrometer
Explanation - A thermometer is used to measure air temperature in meteorology.
Correct answer is: Thermometer