Q.1 Which organ is primarily responsible for filtering waste from the blood?
Liver
Kidney
Lungs
Stomach
Explanation - The kidneys filter waste products from the blood and excrete them as urine.
Correct answer is: Kidney
Q.2 What is the main function of red blood cells?
Fighting infection
Transporting oxygen
Clotting blood
Producing hormones
Explanation - Red blood cells carry oxygen bound to hemoglobin from the lungs to body tissues.
Correct answer is: Transporting oxygen
Q.3 Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination?
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Medulla oblongata
Hypothalamus
Explanation - The cerebellum regulates balance, posture, and coordination of voluntary movements.
Correct answer is: Cerebellum
Q.4 Which type of joint is found in the shoulder?
Hinge joint
Ball-and-socket joint
Pivot joint
Gliding joint
Explanation - The shoulder joint is a ball-and-socket joint, allowing movement in multiple directions.
Correct answer is: Ball-and-socket joint
Q.5 Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body?
Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
Explanation - The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood through the aorta to the rest of the body.
Correct answer is: Left ventricle
Q.6 Which muscle is responsible for breathing?
Biceps
Diaphragm
Triceps
Deltoid
Explanation - The diaphragm contracts and relaxes to allow inhalation and exhalation.
Correct answer is: Diaphragm
Q.7 Where does digestion of proteins begin?
Mouth
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Explanation - Protein digestion starts in the stomach with the action of pepsin and gastric juices.
Correct answer is: Stomach
Q.8 What is the basic functional unit of the kidney?
Neuron
Alveolus
Nephron
Glomerulus
Explanation - The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtration.
Correct answer is: Nephron
Q.9 Which blood group is known as the universal donor?
A
B
AB
O
Explanation - Blood group O negative is called the universal donor because it lacks A, B, and Rh antigens.
Correct answer is: O
Q.10 Which part of the digestive system absorbs most nutrients?
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Esophagus
Explanation - The small intestine has villi and microvilli that maximize absorption of nutrients.
Correct answer is: Small intestine
Q.11 Which gland is called the master gland?
Thyroid
Pituitary
Adrenal
Pancreas
Explanation - The pituitary gland is known as the master gland because it controls other endocrine glands.
Correct answer is: Pituitary
Q.12 Which type of muscle is involuntary and found in the walls of internal organs?
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
Voluntary muscle
Explanation - Smooth muscle is involuntary and controls movements such as peristalsis in the digestive tract.
Correct answer is: Smooth muscle
Q.13 Which part of the respiratory system is the site of gas exchange?
Bronchi
Alveoli
Trachea
Larynx
Explanation - Gas exchange occurs in alveoli, where oxygen diffuses into blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out.
Correct answer is: Alveoli
Q.14 Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Venules
Explanation - Arteries carry blood away from the heart, while veins carry blood back to the heart.
Correct answer is: Arteries
Q.15 What type of blood circulation supplies blood to the lungs?
Systemic circulation
Pulmonary circulation
Portal circulation
Coronary circulation
Explanation - Pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and returns oxygenated blood.
Correct answer is: Pulmonary circulation
Q.16 Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
Axon
Dendrites
Synapse
Myelin sheath
Explanation - Dendrites receive electrical signals and transmit them to the neuron's cell body.
Correct answer is: Dendrites
Q.17 Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting?
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Vitamin K
Explanation - Vitamin K plays a crucial role in the synthesis of proteins needed for blood clotting.
Correct answer is: Vitamin K
Q.18 What is the function of the pancreas in digestion?
Secretes bile
Produces enzymes
Absorbs nutrients
Stores glycogen
Explanation - The pancreas produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate that aid in digestion in the small intestine.
Correct answer is: Produces enzymes
Q.19 Which part of the eye is responsible for controlling the amount of light entering?
Lens
Retina
Iris
Cornea
Explanation - The iris regulates the size of the pupil to control the amount of light entering the eye.
Correct answer is: Iris
Q.20 Which blood cells are involved in immunity?
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Plasma cells
Explanation - White blood cells (leukocytes) fight infection and form the basis of the immune system.
Correct answer is: White blood cells
Q.21 Where is bile stored?
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Stomach
Explanation - Bile is produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder before being released into the small intestine.
Correct answer is: Gallbladder
Q.22 Which structure connects muscles to bones?
Ligaments
Tendons
Cartilage
Joints
Explanation - Tendons connect muscles to bones, while ligaments connect bones to other bones.
Correct answer is: Tendons
Q.23 Which hormone regulates blood sugar levels?
Thyroxine
Insulin
Adrenaline
Cortisol
Explanation - Insulin, produced by the pancreas, lowers blood sugar levels by helping cells absorb glucose.
Correct answer is: Insulin
Q.24 Which part of the ear helps maintain balance?
Cochlea
Semicircular canals
Eardrum
Auditory nerve
Explanation - The semicircular canals in the inner ear detect head movements and help maintain balance.
Correct answer is: Semicircular canals
Q.25 Which connective tissue cushions joints and prevents friction?
Bone
Cartilage
Ligament
Tendon
Explanation - Cartilage is a smooth tissue that cushions joints and prevents bones from rubbing together.
Correct answer is: Cartilage