Q.1 Which of the following is a calcineurin inhibitor used as an immunosuppressant?
Azathioprine
Cyclosporine
Methotrexate
Prednisone
Explanation - Cyclosporine inhibits calcineurin, which decreases IL-2 production and T-cell activation.
Correct answer is: Cyclosporine
Q.2 Which drug is primarily used for preventing organ transplant rejection and is an antimetabolite?
Azathioprine
Tacrolimus
Sirolimus
Infliximab
Explanation - Azathioprine is an antimetabolite that interferes with purine synthesis, suppressing T and B cell proliferation.
Correct answer is: Azathioprine
Q.3 Monoclonal antibodies targeting TNF-alpha are used primarily to treat:
Rheumatoid arthritis
Hypertension
Asthma
Diabetes mellitus
Explanation - TNF-alpha inhibitors reduce inflammation in autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn’s disease.
Correct answer is: Rheumatoid arthritis
Q.4 Which of the following drugs binds FKBP-12 and inhibits mTOR signaling?
Tacrolimus
Sirolimus
Cyclosporine
Mycophenolate mofetil
Explanation - Sirolimus binds FKBP-12 and inhibits mTOR, leading to decreased T-cell proliferation without affecting calcineurin.
Correct answer is: Sirolimus
Q.5 Which immunosuppressant is a corticosteroid?
Prednisone
Azathioprine
Cyclosporine
Sirolimus
Explanation - Prednisone is a glucocorticoid that suppresses the immune system by decreasing cytokine production and lymphocyte proliferation.
Correct answer is: Prednisone
Q.6 Which drug is a monoclonal antibody against CD20 on B-cells?
Rituximab
Infliximab
Adalimumab
Etanercept
Explanation - Rituximab targets CD20 on B-cells, leading to their depletion, and is used in diseases like lymphoma and autoimmune disorders.
Correct answer is: Rituximab
Q.7 Which immunopharmacologic agent inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase?
Mycophenolate mofetil
Azathioprine
Methotrexate
Tacrolimus
Explanation - Mycophenolate mofetil inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, blocking guanine synthesis and lymphocyte proliferation.
Correct answer is: Mycophenolate mofetil
Q.8 Which of the following drugs is an IL-1 receptor antagonist?
Anakinra
Infliximab
Etanercept
Tocilizumab
Explanation - Anakinra blocks IL-1 receptors, reducing inflammation in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
Correct answer is: Anakinra
Q.9 Which drug is a fusion protein that inhibits TNF-alpha?
Etanercept
Rituximab
Infliximab
Tocilizumab
Explanation - Etanercept is a recombinant fusion protein that binds TNF-alpha, preventing it from activating TNF receptors.
Correct answer is: Etanercept
Q.10 Which of the following is used to treat multiple sclerosis by targeting alpha-4 integrin?
Natalizumab
Rituximab
Etanercept
Adalimumab
Explanation - Natalizumab blocks alpha-4 integrin, reducing leukocyte migration into the CNS, used in multiple sclerosis.
Correct answer is: Natalizumab
Q.11 Which of the following is a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor used in autoimmune diseases?
Tofacitinib
Methotrexate
Cyclosporine
Prednisone
Explanation - Tofacitinib inhibits JAK enzymes, blocking cytokine signaling and T-cell activation, useful in rheumatoid arthritis.
Correct answer is: Tofacitinib
Q.12 Which drug is primarily used for prophylaxis of organ transplant rejection by inhibiting calcineurin?
Tacrolimus
Azathioprine
Sirolimus
Prednisone
Explanation - Tacrolimus inhibits calcineurin, reducing IL-2 production and T-cell activation, commonly used in transplant patients.
Correct answer is: Tacrolimus
Q.13 Which of the following is an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody?
Muromonab-CD3
Rituximab
Infliximab
Adalimumab
Explanation - Muromonab-CD3 binds to the CD3 receptor on T-cells, preventing activation and used in transplant rejection.
Correct answer is: Muromonab-CD3
Q.14 Which drug inhibits purine synthesis and is a prodrug of 6-mercaptopurine?
Azathioprine
Methotrexate
Cyclophosphamide
Cyclosporine
Explanation - Azathioprine is converted into 6-mercaptopurine, interfering with DNA synthesis and lymphocyte proliferation.
Correct answer is: Azathioprine
Q.15 Which immunosuppressant drug increases risk of nephrotoxicity and hypertension?
Cyclosporine
Azathioprine
Prednisone
Sirolimus
Explanation - Cyclosporine can cause nephrotoxicity, hypertension, and neurotoxicity as major adverse effects.
Correct answer is: Cyclosporine
Q.16 Which biologic targets IL-6 receptors?
Tocilizumab
Etanercept
Infliximab
Rituximab
Explanation - Tocilizumab is a monoclonal antibody against IL-6 receptor, reducing inflammation in autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis.
Correct answer is: Tocilizumab
Q.17 Which immunosuppressant is an mTOR inhibitor?
Sirolimus
Tacrolimus
Azathioprine
Methotrexate
Explanation - Sirolimus inhibits mTOR, preventing T-cell proliferation without affecting calcineurin.
Correct answer is: Sirolimus
Q.18 Which of the following drugs is an IL-2 receptor antagonist?
Basiliximab
Rituximab
Etanercept
Tofacitinib
Explanation - Basiliximab blocks IL-2 receptors on activated T-cells, preventing proliferation after transplant.
Correct answer is: Basiliximab
Q.19 Which drug is primarily used in autoimmune diseases and targets B-cell surface antigens?
Rituximab
Tacrolimus
Sirolimus
Prednisone
Explanation - Rituximab targets CD20 on B-cells, depleting them to control autoimmune responses.
Correct answer is: Rituximab
Q.20 Which immunosuppressant is known for causing bone marrow suppression as a side effect?
Azathioprine
Cyclosporine
Prednisone
Sirolimus
Explanation - Azathioprine can suppress bone marrow, leading to leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia.
Correct answer is: Azathioprine
Q.21 Which drug is used for prophylaxis of graft-versus-host disease in bone marrow transplant?
Cyclosporine
Prednisone
Methotrexate
Sirolimus
Explanation - Low-dose methotrexate is used post-transplant to prevent graft-versus-host disease by inhibiting T-cell proliferation.
Correct answer is: Methotrexate
Q.22 Which of the following drugs is a TNF-alpha inhibitor in monoclonal antibody form?
Infliximab
Etanercept
Tocilizumab
Rituximab
Explanation - Infliximab is a monoclonal antibody against TNF-alpha, used in autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn’s disease.
Correct answer is: Infliximab
Q.23 Which immunosuppressant interferes with folate metabolism and is used in autoimmune diseases?
Methotrexate
Azathioprine
Prednisone
Sirolimus
Explanation - Methotrexate inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, interfering with DNA synthesis and used in rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis.
Correct answer is: Methotrexate
Q.24 Which immunopharmacologic drug is associated with hyperlipidemia as a side effect?
Sirolimus
Tacrolimus
Cyclosporine
Azathioprine
Explanation - Sirolimus may cause hyperlipidemia, in addition to delayed wound healing and bone marrow suppression.
Correct answer is: Sirolimus