Q.1 Which part of the eye controls the amount of light entering?
Lens
Retina
Iris
Cornea
Explanation - The iris regulates the size of the pupil, thus controlling the amount of light entering the eye.
Correct answer is: Iris
Q.2 Which structure in the ear is responsible for balance?
Cochlea
Semicircular canals
Tympanic membrane
Eustachian tube
Explanation - The semicircular canals detect rotational movements of the head and help maintain balance.
Correct answer is: Semicircular canals
Q.3 The photoreceptor cells responsible for color vision are called:
Rods
Cones
Bipolar cells
Ganglion cells
Explanation - Cones detect color and function best in bright light, while rods detect light intensity and function in dim light.
Correct answer is: Cones
Q.4 Which nerve transmits visual information to the brain?
Optic nerve
Olfactory nerve
Facial nerve
Trochlear nerve
Explanation - The optic nerve (cranial nerve II) carries impulses from the retina to the brain for visual processing.
Correct answer is: Optic nerve
Q.5 Which structure in the ear converts sound vibrations into nerve impulses?
Stapes
Cochlea
Tympanic membrane
Eustachian tube
Explanation - The cochlea contains hair cells that convert mechanical vibrations into electrical nerve impulses.
Correct answer is: Cochlea
Q.6 Which part of the tongue detects bitter taste most strongly?
Tip
Sides
Back
Middle
Explanation - The back of the tongue contains taste buds most sensitive to bitter substances.
Correct answer is: Back
Q.7 What is the transparent front part of the eye called?
Lens
Retina
Cornea
Sclera
Explanation - The cornea is the transparent, dome-shaped front surface of the eye that refracts light.
Correct answer is: Cornea
Q.8 Which cranial nerve is responsible for hearing and balance?
Trigeminal nerve
Vestibulocochlear nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Hypoglossal nerve
Explanation - The vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve VIII) carries sensory information for hearing and balance.
Correct answer is: Vestibulocochlear nerve
Q.9 Which cells in the retina are more sensitive to dim light?
Rods
Cones
Ganglion cells
Bipolar cells
Explanation - Rods are highly sensitive to low light but do not detect color.
Correct answer is: Rods
Q.10 The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to which structure?
Inner ear
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
External ear
Explanation - The Eustachian tube equalizes pressure between the middle ear and the pharynx.
Correct answer is: Pharynx
Q.11 Which part of the ear amplifies sound vibrations?
Outer ear
Middle ear ossicles
Inner ear
Eustachian tube
Explanation - The ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) amplify sound vibrations before passing them to the cochlea.
Correct answer is: Middle ear ossicles
Q.12 Which pigment is found in rods that helps in night vision?
Iodopsin
Rhodopsin
Melanin
Retinal
Explanation - Rhodopsin is a light-sensitive pigment in rods essential for vision in dim light.
Correct answer is: Rhodopsin
Q.13 The tympanic membrane is also known as:
Cochlea
Eardrum
Auricle
Malleus
Explanation - The tympanic membrane (eardrum) vibrates in response to sound waves, transmitting them to the ossicles.
Correct answer is: Eardrum
Q.14 Which part of the eye focuses light onto the retina?
Iris
Lens
Cornea
Optic nerve
Explanation - The lens adjusts its shape to focus light onto the retina for clear vision.
Correct answer is: Lens
Q.15 Which part of the brain processes visual information?
Temporal lobe
Occipital lobe
Parietal lobe
Frontal lobe
Explanation - The occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex interprets signals from the optic nerve.
Correct answer is: Occipital lobe
Q.16 Which sensory organ contains the organ of Corti?
Eye
Ear
Nose
Tongue
Explanation - The organ of Corti, located in the cochlea, contains hair cells that detect sound vibrations.
Correct answer is: Ear
Q.17 Which part of the eye is responsible for sharp central vision?
Macula lutea
Cornea
Sclera
Iris
Explanation - The macula, especially its central fovea, provides sharp, detailed vision.
Correct answer is: Macula lutea
Q.18 Which cranial nerve is responsible for the sense of smell?
Optic nerve
Olfactory nerve
Trigeminal nerve
Facial nerve
Explanation - The olfactory nerve (cranial nerve I) transmits smell sensations from the nasal cavity to the brain.
Correct answer is: Olfactory nerve
Q.19 Which papillae of the tongue contain the most taste buds?
Filiform
Fungiform
Circumvallate
Foliate
Explanation - Circumvallate papillae at the back of the tongue contain numerous taste buds.
Correct answer is: Circumvallate
Q.20 The white outer layer of the eye is called:
Cornea
Retina
Sclera
Lens
Explanation - The sclera is the tough white outer layer that protects the eyeball.
Correct answer is: Sclera
Q.21 Which fluid fills the anterior chamber of the eye?
Vitreous humor
Aqueous humor
Cerebrospinal fluid
Synovial fluid
Explanation - The anterior chamber between the cornea and lens contains aqueous humor, maintaining intraocular pressure.
Correct answer is: Aqueous humor
Q.22 Which structure in the nose helps in humidifying inhaled air?
Septum
Turbinates
Olfactory bulb
Epiglottis
Explanation - Nasal turbinates increase surface area and help warm and humidify inhaled air.
Correct answer is: Turbinates
Q.23 Which cranial nerve carries taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue?
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Facial nerve
Hypoglossal nerve
Trigeminal nerve
Explanation - The facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) carries taste from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
Correct answer is: Facial nerve
Q.24 Which layer of the eye contains blood vessels to nourish the retina?
Cornea
Choroid
Sclera
Lens
Explanation - The choroid is a vascular layer that supplies oxygen and nutrients to the retina.
Correct answer is: Choroid
Q.25 Which part of the ear maintains equilibrium during linear movements?
Cochlea
Utricle and saccule
Semicircular canals
Stapes
Explanation - The utricle and saccule detect linear acceleration and help in balance.
Correct answer is: Utricle and saccule