Q.1 Which imaging modality provides the highest resolution for bony structures?
Ultrasound
MRI
CT scan
X-ray
Explanation - CT scans provide high-resolution cross-sectional images, making them excellent for detailed bone visualization compared to X-ray, MRI, or Ultrasound.
Correct answer is: CT scan
Q.2 In a chest X-ray, which structure normally appears the most radiolucent?
Bone
Heart
Lungs
Diaphragm
Explanation - The lungs are filled with air, which appears radiolucent (dark) on X-rays, while bone and soft tissues appear more opaque.
Correct answer is: Lungs
Q.3 Which imaging modality is preferred for soft tissue contrast?
X-ray
MRI
CT scan
Fluoroscopy
Explanation - MRI provides superior contrast resolution for soft tissues, making it ideal for imaging the brain, muscles, ligaments, and tumors.
Correct answer is: MRI
Q.4 On an axial CT scan, the right side of the image corresponds to which side of the patient?
Right side
Left side
Posterior side
Superior side
Explanation - Radiological images are conventionally displayed as if viewed from the patient's feet upward, so the right side of the image represents the patient's left side.
Correct answer is: Left side
Q.5 Which structure appears most radiopaque on a standard X-ray?
Air
Fat
Bone
Muscle
Explanation - Bone absorbs the most X-rays, making it appear white (radiopaque), while air is the least dense and appears dark.
Correct answer is: Bone
Q.6 In MRI, T1-weighted images are best used for visualizing which feature?
Fluid-filled spaces
Fatty tissues
Bone cortex
Air-filled cavities
Explanation - T1-weighted images show fat as bright, making them useful for anatomical detail, whereas T2-weighted images highlight fluid.
Correct answer is: Fatty tissues
Q.7 Which anatomical plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts in radiological imaging?
Coronal
Sagittal
Transverse
Oblique
Explanation - The transverse (axial) plane divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions, commonly used in CT and MRI.
Correct answer is: Transverse
Q.8 Which contrast agent is commonly used in CT scans?
Barium sulfate
Iodine-based agents
Gadolinium
Carbon dioxide
Explanation - Iodine-based contrast agents are commonly used in CT imaging to enhance vascular and soft tissue visibility.
Correct answer is: Iodine-based agents
Q.9 In ultrasound, which structure produces the strongest echogenic (bright) signal?
Fluid-filled cyst
Bone surface
Liver parenchyma
Fat tissue
Explanation - Bone surfaces strongly reflect ultrasound waves, appearing bright, while fluid-filled structures appear dark (anechoic).
Correct answer is: Bone surface
Q.10 Which imaging technique avoids ionizing radiation?
X-ray
CT
Ultrasound
PET scan
Explanation - Ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves, not ionizing radiation, making it safe for use in pregnancy and pediatric imaging.
Correct answer is: Ultrasound
Q.11 On a lateral chest X-ray, which structure is best visualized compared to a PA chest X-ray?
Heart size
Lung fields
Retrosternal space
Diaphragm contour
Explanation - The lateral chest X-ray provides additional detail of retrosternal and retrocardiac spaces, not well seen in PA view.
Correct answer is: Retrosternal space
Q.12 Which imaging method is most sensitive for detecting intracranial hemorrhage in the acute stage?
MRI
X-ray
CT scan
Ultrasound
Explanation - CT scan is the gold standard for detecting acute intracranial hemorrhage due to its speed and sensitivity.
Correct answer is: CT scan
Q.13 In abdominal radiographs, which organ is most easily identified due to its gas content?
Liver
Spleen
Stomach
Kidney
Explanation - The stomach often contains gas, making it visible as a radiolucent structure on abdominal radiographs.
Correct answer is: Stomach
Q.14 What does the term 'radiolucent' mean?
Appears white on X-ray
Absorbs all X-rays
Allows passage of X-rays
Reflects ultrasound waves
Explanation - Radiolucent structures allow X-rays to pass through easily, appearing dark on the image.
Correct answer is: Allows passage of X-rays
Q.15 Which imaging modality uses gadolinium-based contrast agents?
X-ray
MRI
CT scan
Ultrasound
Explanation - Gadolinium is a paramagnetic agent used in MRI to enhance soft tissue contrast, particularly in vascular imaging and tumors.
Correct answer is: MRI
Q.16 Which view is standard for evaluating the sinuses radiographically?
Waters view
PA chest view
Lateral skull view
Oblique cervical spine view
Explanation - Waters view (occipitomental view) is used to visualize paranasal sinuses, especially the maxillary sinuses.
Correct answer is: Waters view
Q.17 In fluoroscopy, continuous exposure to X-rays allows visualization of:
Static bone images
Real-time movement
Frozen soft tissues
Only blood vessels
Explanation - Fluoroscopy provides real-time X-ray imaging, often used during barium swallow or catheter placement.
Correct answer is: Real-time movement
Q.18 Which part of the vertebra is best visualized on a lateral lumbar spine X-ray?
Spinous process
Pedicles
Intervertebral disc spaces
Transverse processes
Explanation - The lateral lumbar view provides the best visualization of vertebral body height and intervertebral disc spaces.
Correct answer is: Intervertebral disc spaces
Q.19 Which imaging modality is considered the safest in pregnancy?
CT scan
X-ray
Ultrasound
PET scan
Explanation - Ultrasound is free of ionizing radiation and safe for use during pregnancy for fetal monitoring.
Correct answer is: Ultrasound
Q.20 In an MRI, what does a bright signal on T2-weighted images usually represent?
Air
Fat
Water or fluid
Cortical bone
Explanation - On T2-weighted MRI, water and fluid appear bright, which is useful for detecting edema and pathology.
Correct answer is: Water or fluid
Q.21 Which of the following is NOT a typical use of CT imaging?
Bone fracture evaluation
Acute stroke diagnosis
Soft tissue contrast for ligaments
Chest trauma assessment
Explanation - CT provides excellent bone and acute hemorrhage imaging, but MRI is superior for ligament and soft tissue evaluation.
Correct answer is: Soft tissue contrast for ligaments
Q.22 In a PA chest X-ray, the heart appears:
Magnified
Reduced
Normal size
Invisible
Explanation - PA (posteroanterior) chest X-rays minimize cardiac magnification, showing the heart closer to its true size.
Correct answer is: Normal size
Q.23 Which imaging modality is most commonly used in mammography?
Ultrasound
X-ray
MRI
CT scan
Explanation - Mammography uses low-dose X-rays to detect breast lesions such as calcifications and masses.
Correct answer is: X-ray
Q.24 What does PET scan primarily detect?
Anatomical structures
Bone fractures
Metabolic activity
Fluid accumulation
Explanation - PET scans detect metabolic activity by using radiolabeled glucose tracers, useful in oncology and neurology.
Correct answer is: Metabolic activity
Q.25 Which of the following is the standard plane for brain MRI imaging?
Sagittal
Axial
Coronal
Oblique
Explanation - Axial (transverse) plane is commonly used in brain MRI for cross-sectional imaging of intracranial structures.
Correct answer is: Axial