Q.1 What is the primary function of epithelial tissue?
Absorption and secretion
Protection from mechanical stress
Conducts electrical impulses
Produces blood cells
Explanation - Epithelial tissue primarily functions in absorption, secretion, and protection. It forms the linings of organs and body cavities.
Correct answer is: Absorption and secretion
Q.2 Which of the following is a characteristic of connective tissue?
Cells are tightly packed with little extracellular matrix
It supports, binds, and protects other tissues
Cells are arranged in layers
It lines body cavities
Explanation - Connective tissue plays a crucial role in supporting and binding other tissues, often characterized by a large extracellular matrix.
Correct answer is: It supports, binds, and protects other tissues
Q.3 Which type of muscle tissue is striated and under voluntary control?
Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
Skeletal muscle
Epithelial muscle
Explanation - Skeletal muscle is striated, voluntary, and responsible for movement of the skeleton.
Correct answer is: Skeletal muscle
Q.4 Which structure is characteristic of a neuron?
Nucleus
Axon and dendrites
Cilia
Myofibrils
Explanation - Neurons are characterized by having axons and dendrites that transmit electrical signals.
Correct answer is: Axon and dendrites
Q.5 What is the main component of the extracellular matrix in connective tissue?
Collagen fibers
Neurons
Muscle fibers
Red blood cells
Explanation - Collagen fibers are the main structural component of the extracellular matrix in connective tissue.
Correct answer is: Collagen fibers
Q.6 Which of the following best describes the appearance of smooth muscle cells?
Striated with multiple nuclei
Non-striated with a single nucleus
Striated with a single nucleus
Branched with a single nucleus
Explanation - Smooth muscle cells are non-striated and have a single, centrally located nucleus.
Correct answer is: Non-striated with a single nucleus
Q.7 Which cell type is responsible for the production of collagen in connective tissue?
Chondrocytes
Osteocytes
Fibroblasts
Erythrocytes
Explanation - Fibroblasts are the cells responsible for producing the extracellular matrix, including collagen, in connective tissue.
Correct answer is: Fibroblasts
Q.8 In which of the following tissues would you find the structure of a Haversian system?
Bone
Cartilage
Blood
Lymph
Explanation - The Haversian system, or osteon, is found in compact bone and is the structural unit of bone tissue.
Correct answer is: Bone
Q.9 What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?
Protein synthesis
Energy production
Modification and packaging of proteins
DNA replication
Explanation - The Golgi apparatus modifies, packages, and sorts proteins for secretion or use within the cell.
Correct answer is: Modification and packaging of proteins
Q.10 What type of epithelium forms the inner lining of the blood vessels?
Stratified squamous epithelium
Simple squamous epithelium
Transitional epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium
Explanation - Simple squamous epithelium forms the lining of blood vessels and is designed for rapid diffusion of gases and nutrients.
Correct answer is: Simple squamous epithelium
Q.11 Which of the following structures is unique to cardiac muscle tissue?
Intercalated discs
Striations
Single nucleus
Non-striated fibers
Explanation - Cardiac muscle tissue has intercalated discs that allow for synchronized contraction between cells.
Correct answer is: Intercalated discs
Q.12 What is the function of microvilli in epithelial cells?
To produce mucus
To increase surface area for absorption
To provide structural support
To move substances along the surface
Explanation - Microvilli increase the surface area of epithelial cells, facilitating efficient absorption in organs such as the intestine.
Correct answer is: To increase surface area for absorption
Q.13 Which of the following is a characteristic feature of pseudostratified columnar epithelium?
Multiple layers of cells
Cells of varying heights but all touch the basement membrane
Flat, thin cells
Cylindrical cells stacked on top of each other
Explanation - Pseudostratified columnar epithelium appears stratified but is a single layer, with all cells touching the basement membrane.
Correct answer is: Cells of varying heights but all touch the basement membrane
Q.14 Which tissue type is primarily involved in the contraction of limbs?
Smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Adipose tissue
Explanation - Skeletal muscle is responsible for voluntary movement, including the contraction of limbs.
Correct answer is: Skeletal muscle
Q.15 Which of the following structures is associated with the lymphatic system?
Thyroid gland
Lymph nodes
Kidneys
Spleen
Explanation - Lymph nodes are part of the lymphatic system and play a key role in immune function and filtering lymph.
Correct answer is: Lymph nodes
Q.16 Where are ciliated epithelial cells most commonly found?
In the lungs
In the blood vessels
In the liver
In the pancreas
Explanation - Ciliated epithelial cells are found in the respiratory tract, including the lungs, where they help to move mucus and trapped particles.
Correct answer is: In the lungs
Q.17 Which type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs?
Hyaline cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Elastic cartilage
Bone
Explanation - Fibrocartilage is tough and provides support and tensile strength, making it ideal for intervertebral discs.
Correct answer is: Fibrocartilage
Q.18 What is the primary role of adipose tissue?
Movement
Nutrient storage
Insulation and energy storage
Protection against disease
Explanation - Adipose tissue stores fat for energy and provides insulation and cushioning for organs.
Correct answer is: Insulation and energy storage