Q.1 What is the most common site of fracture in osteoporosis?
Hip
Vertebrae
Distal radius
Clavicle
Explanation - Osteoporotic fractures commonly occur in vertebrae due to reduced bone density leading to compression fractures.
Correct answer is: Vertebrae
Q.2 Which bone is most commonly fractured in the human body?
Radius
Clavicle
Femur
Humerus
Explanation - The clavicle is the most commonly fractured bone, usually from falls on the shoulder or outstretched hand.
Correct answer is: Clavicle
Q.3 In compartment syndrome, which is the earliest sign?
Pain on passive stretch
Absent pulse
Paralysis
Pallor
Explanation - Pain on passive stretching is the earliest and most sensitive sign of compartment syndrome.
Correct answer is: Pain on passive stretch
Q.4 What is the most common site of osteosarcoma?
Distal femur
Proximal tibia
Proximal humerus
Pelvis
Explanation - Osteosarcoma most frequently arises in the metaphyseal region of the distal femur.
Correct answer is: Distal femur
Q.5 Which nerve is most commonly injured in shoulder dislocation?
Median nerve
Axillary nerve
Ulnar nerve
Radial nerve
Explanation - Anterior shoulder dislocations often damage the axillary nerve, affecting deltoid function and sensation over the shoulder.
Correct answer is: Axillary nerve
Q.6 Which imaging is most sensitive for detecting early avascular necrosis?
X-ray
MRI
CT scan
Ultrasound
Explanation - MRI is the most sensitive imaging modality for early detection of avascular necrosis before changes appear on X-ray.
Correct answer is: MRI
Q.7 A patient with a fall on an outstretched hand presents with wrist pain. Which fracture is most likely?
Colles fracture
Smith fracture
Monteggia fracture
Galeazzi fracture
Explanation - Colles fracture occurs due to fall on outstretched hand, leading to distal radius fracture with dorsal angulation.
Correct answer is: Colles fracture
Q.8 Which is the most common benign bone tumor?
Osteoid osteoma
Osteochondroma
Chondroblastoma
Fibrous dysplasia
Explanation - Osteochondroma, also known as exostosis, is the most common benign bone tumor usually found near metaphyses.
Correct answer is: Osteochondroma
Q.9 The ‘pulled elbow’ injury in children involves which bone?
Radius
Ulna
Humerus
Clavicle
Explanation - Pulled elbow, or nursemaid’s elbow, is caused by subluxation of the radial head in children.
Correct answer is: Radius
Q.10 In a femoral neck fracture, which complication is most feared?
Non-union
Avascular necrosis
Osteoarthritis
Malunion
Explanation - Femoral neck fractures risk disrupting blood supply to the femoral head, leading to avascular necrosis.
Correct answer is: Avascular necrosis
Q.11 Which condition shows ‘sunburst appearance’ on X-ray?
Ewing’s sarcoma
Osteosarcoma
Chondrosarcoma
Fibrosarcoma
Explanation - Osteosarcoma classically demonstrates a sunburst pattern due to spiculated periosteal bone formation.
Correct answer is: Osteosarcoma
Q.12 Which fracture is classically associated with ‘dinner fork deformity’?
Smith fracture
Colles fracture
Barton fracture
Monteggia fracture
Explanation - Colles fracture causes dorsal angulation of distal radius, giving the classic dinner fork deformity.
Correct answer is: Colles fracture
Q.13 What is the most common site of tubercular osteomyelitis?
Hip
Spine
Knee
Shoulder
Explanation - Spinal tuberculosis (Pott’s disease) is the most common site of tubercular bone infection.
Correct answer is: Spine
Q.14 In Ewing’s sarcoma, which translocation is most characteristic?
t(8;14)
t(9;22)
t(11;22)
t(15;17)
Explanation - Ewing’s sarcoma is strongly associated with t(11;22) chromosomal translocation.
Correct answer is: t(11;22)
Q.15 Which fracture is described as a ‘nightstick fracture’?
Isolated ulna fracture
Isolated radius fracture
Clavicle fracture
Humerus fracture
Explanation - Nightstick fracture refers to an isolated midshaft ulna fracture, often from defensive injury.
Correct answer is: Isolated ulna fracture
Q.16 Which nerve is most commonly injured in humeral shaft fracture?
Ulnar nerve
Median nerve
Radial nerve
Axillary nerve
Explanation - Radial nerve injury is common in humeral shaft fractures, leading to wrist drop.
Correct answer is: Radial nerve
Q.17 The McMurray test is used to diagnose which condition?
ACL tear
PCL tear
Meniscal tear
Patellar dislocation
Explanation - McMurray test is used to detect meniscal tears by producing a click or pain with knee movements.
Correct answer is: Meniscal tear
Q.18 Which bone disease is associated with a ‘cotton wool appearance’ on X-ray?
Osteomalacia
Paget’s disease
Fibrous dysplasia
Osteoporosis
Explanation - Paget’s disease of bone shows a cotton wool appearance due to irregular bone remodeling.
Correct answer is: Paget’s disease
Q.19 Which is the most common malignant bone tumor in adults?
Chondrosarcoma
Ewing’s sarcoma
Osteosarcoma
Fibrosarcoma
Explanation - In adults, chondrosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor.
Correct answer is: Chondrosarcoma
Q.20 A 12-year-old boy presents with night pain relieved by aspirin. Which is most likely?
Osteosarcoma
Osteoid osteoma
Chondrosarcoma
Ewing’s sarcoma
Explanation - Osteoid osteoma causes severe night pain that is characteristically relieved by NSAIDs or aspirin.
Correct answer is: Osteoid osteoma
Q.21 Which is the most common cause of septic arthritis in young adults?
Staphylococcus aureus
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Streptococcus pyogenes
E. coli
Explanation - In young sexually active adults, Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a leading cause of septic arthritis.
Correct answer is: Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Q.22 The most common type of scoliosis is:
Congenital scoliosis
Neuromuscular scoliosis
Idiopathic scoliosis
Degenerative scoliosis
Explanation - Idiopathic scoliosis is the most common form, especially in adolescent girls.
Correct answer is: Idiopathic scoliosis
Q.23 Which is the first bone to ossify in the fetus?
Femur
Clavicle
Humerus
Tibia
Explanation - The clavicle is the first bone to ossify, beginning around the 5th–6th week of fetal life.
Correct answer is: Clavicle
Q.24 Which is the most common cause of pathological fracture in elderly?
Osteosarcoma
Osteoporosis
Metastatic disease
Paget’s disease
Explanation - In elderly patients, pathological fractures are most often due to bone metastases from cancers.
Correct answer is: Metastatic disease
Q.25 Avascular necrosis of femoral head is most commonly associated with:
Sickle cell disease
Diabetes
Rheumatoid arthritis
Tuberculosis
Explanation - Sickle cell disease frequently causes avascular necrosis of the femoral head due to vaso-occlusion.
Correct answer is: Sickle cell disease