Q.1 Which of the following is a hallmark feature of anorexia nervosa?
Recurrent binge eating
Refusal to maintain normal body weight
Excessive alcohol consumption
Hyperactivity during nighttime
Explanation - Anorexia nervosa is characterized by significantly low body weight due to restriction of food intake and intense fear of gaining weight.
Correct answer is: Refusal to maintain normal body weight
Q.2 Bulimia nervosa is best described as:
Restriction of calorie intake only
Binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors
Nighttime eating without awareness
Persistent craving for non-nutritive substances
Explanation - Bulimia nervosa involves recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by inappropriate compensatory methods such as vomiting or excessive exercise.
Correct answer is: Binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors
Q.3 Which eating disorder is most commonly associated with electrolyte disturbances like hypokalemia?
Pica
Bulimia nervosa
Anorexia nervosa
Rumination disorder
Explanation - Frequent vomiting in bulimia nervosa can cause significant electrolyte imbalances, especially hypokalemia.
Correct answer is: Bulimia nervosa
Q.4 A child repeatedly regurgitates and rechews food without nausea. The most likely diagnosis is:
Pica
Bulimia nervosa
Rumination disorder
Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder
Explanation - Rumination disorder involves repeated regurgitation and rechewing of food, commonly seen in infants and children.
Correct answer is: Rumination disorder
Q.5 Which is NOT a diagnostic criterion for anorexia nervosa?
Intense fear of weight gain
Distorted body image
Amenorrhea in all cases
Restriction of energy intake
Explanation - Amenorrhea used to be a criterion but is no longer required for the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa in DSM-5.
Correct answer is: Amenorrhea in all cases
Q.6 Patients with pica are most likely to consume:
Chocolate and sweets
Non-nutritive substances
Excessive protein foods
Large amounts of water
Explanation - Pica involves persistent eating of non-food, non-nutritive substances such as dirt, chalk, or paper.
Correct answer is: Non-nutritive substances
Q.7 Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) is different from anorexia nervosa because:
It always involves binge eating
It is not associated with body image disturbance
It occurs only in adults
It requires purging behaviors
Explanation - ARFID involves restrictive eating patterns leading to nutritional deficiency but without body image concerns.
Correct answer is: It is not associated with body image disturbance
Q.8 Which medical complication is most commonly linked to anorexia nervosa?
Type 2 diabetes
Bradycardia
Hypertension
Hyperlipidemia
Explanation - Due to severe malnutrition, anorexia nervosa often causes cardiovascular complications like bradycardia and hypotension.
Correct answer is: Bradycardia
Q.9 Which neurotransmitter system is most implicated in the pathophysiology of eating disorders?
Dopamine
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
GABA
Explanation - Serotonin dysfunction is strongly associated with mood, appetite regulation, and eating disorders.
Correct answer is: Serotonin
Q.10 Which eating disorder is associated with obesity in the long term?
Bulimia nervosa
Binge-eating disorder
Anorexia nervosa
Rumination disorder
Explanation - Binge-eating disorder involves recurrent binge eating without compensatory behaviors, often leading to obesity.
Correct answer is: Binge-eating disorder
Q.11 In anorexia nervosa, which hormone level is most likely decreased?
Leptin
Cortisol
Growth hormone
Insulin
Explanation - Severe weight loss in anorexia nervosa leads to reduced leptin levels, which are important in appetite and metabolism regulation.
Correct answer is: Leptin
Q.12 What is the first-line psychotherapy for bulimia nervosa?
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Electroconvulsive therapy
Family therapy
Hypnotherapy
Explanation - CBT is the most effective psychological treatment for bulimia nervosa, targeting dysfunctional eating patterns and cognitions.
Correct answer is: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Q.13 Which of the following is a common complication of frequent vomiting in bulimia nervosa?
Mallory-Weiss tears
Cholelithiasis
Appendicitis
Pancreatic cancer
Explanation - Forceful vomiting can cause esophageal tears (Mallory-Weiss), along with dental erosion and electrolyte imbalance.
Correct answer is: Mallory-Weiss tears
Q.14 Night eating syndrome is characterized by:
Binge eating early in the morning
Excessive caloric intake at night
Eating during sleep without recall
Avoidance of food during the day
Explanation - Night eating syndrome involves consuming large portions of daily calories after evening or during nighttime awakenings.
Correct answer is: Excessive caloric intake at night
Q.15 Russell’s sign, calluses on the knuckles, is most associated with:
Pica
Bulimia nervosa
Anorexia nervosa
ARFID
Explanation - Russell’s sign is due to repeated self-induced vomiting in bulimia nervosa.
Correct answer is: Bulimia nervosa
Q.16 Which eating disorder has the highest mortality rate?
Bulimia nervosa
Binge-eating disorder
Anorexia nervosa
ARFID
Explanation - Anorexia nervosa carries the highest mortality rate due to medical complications and suicide risk.
Correct answer is: Anorexia nervosa
Q.17 What is the pharmacological first-line treatment for binge-eating disorder?
Olanzapine
Fluoxetine
Lisdexamfetamine
Haloperidol
Explanation - Lisdexamfetamine, a stimulant, is the only FDA-approved medication for binge-eating disorder.
Correct answer is: Lisdexamfetamine
Q.18 Which electrolyte disturbance is most typical in anorexia nervosa with purging?
Hyponatremia
Hyperkalemia
Hypokalemia
Hypercalcemia
Explanation - Vomiting and laxative abuse in anorexia nervosa commonly lead to hypokalemia.
Correct answer is: Hypokalemia
Q.19 A patient presents with chronic constipation, lanugo, and amenorrhea. The most likely diagnosis is:
Bulimia nervosa
Anorexia nervosa
Pica
ARFID
Explanation - Anorexia nervosa is associated with malnutrition signs like lanugo, amenorrhea, and gastrointestinal slowing.
Correct answer is: Anorexia nervosa
Q.20 Dental enamel erosion in eating disorders is caused by:
Excessive chewing
Gastric acid exposure from vomiting
Low calcium intake
High sugar intake
Explanation - Frequent vomiting in bulimia nervosa exposes teeth to gastric acid, causing dental erosion.
Correct answer is: Gastric acid exposure from vomiting
Q.21 In ARFID, nutritional deficiencies may include:
Vitamin A and C
Only iron
Only calcium
No deficiencies occur
Explanation - ARFID often results in deficiencies of essential vitamins and minerals due to severely limited food variety.
Correct answer is: Vitamin A and C
Q.22 Which of the following is a risk factor for developing eating disorders?
High self-esteem
Athletic involvement with weight focus
Strong social support
Lack of media exposure
Explanation - Athletes, especially in sports emphasizing leanness, are at increased risk of developing eating disorders.
Correct answer is: Athletic involvement with weight focus
Q.23 Which eating disorder is most likely to co-occur with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?
Pica
Bulimia nervosa
Anorexia nervosa
Binge-eating disorder
Explanation - Anorexia nervosa shares traits with OCD, such as perfectionism and ritualistic behaviors around food.
Correct answer is: Anorexia nervosa
Q.24 The typical age of onset for anorexia nervosa is:
Childhood (5-10 years)
Early adolescence (12-18 years)
Midlife (40-50 years)
Elderly (>65 years)
Explanation - Anorexia nervosa typically begins during adolescence, coinciding with body changes and social pressures.
Correct answer is: Early adolescence (12-18 years)
Q.25 A patient eats large amounts of non-food items such as clay and paper. Which disorder is this?
ARFID
Pica
Bulimia nervosa
Rumination disorder
Explanation - Pica involves persistent eating of non-nutritive, non-food substances inappropriate to developmental level.
Correct answer is: Pica