Q.1 Which of the following is the most common cause of ocular trauma worldwide?
Sports injuries
Workplace accidents
Road traffic accidents
Chemical exposure
Explanation - Workplace accidents, especially in industries without proper eye protection, are the leading cause of ocular trauma globally.
Correct answer is: Workplace accidents
Q.2 A 25-year-old patient presents with sudden loss of vision after blunt trauma. Fundoscopy shows retinal detachment. The most likely mechanism is:
Anterior chamber hemorrhage
Vitreous traction on retina
Optic nerve avulsion
Corneal laceration
Explanation - Blunt trauma can cause sudden acceleration-deceleration of the vitreous, leading to tractional forces on the retina and retinal detachment.
Correct answer is: Vitreous traction on retina
Q.3 Which of the following is considered a penetrating ocular injury?
Conjunctival laceration
Corneal abrasion
Globe rupture
Hyphema
Explanation - Penetrating injuries involve full-thickness wounds of the eye wall, as seen in globe rupture.
Correct answer is: Globe rupture
Q.4 Hyphema refers to:
Blood in the anterior chamber
Blood in the vitreous
Detached retina
Lens dislocation
Explanation - Hyphema is accumulation of blood in the anterior chamber, usually after blunt trauma to the eye.
Correct answer is: Blood in the anterior chamber
Q.5 The Seidel test is used to detect:
Corneal perforation
Retinal detachment
Optic nerve injury
Hyphema
Explanation - The Seidel test detects aqueous leakage from the anterior chamber, indicating corneal or scleral perforation.
Correct answer is: Corneal perforation
Q.6 Which of the following is the most urgent ocular trauma requiring immediate intervention?
Hyphema
Chemical burn
Corneal abrasion
Subconjunctival hemorrhage
Explanation - Chemical burns, especially alkaline, require immediate irrigation to prevent permanent ocular damage.
Correct answer is: Chemical burn
Q.7 A patient presents with a corneal abrasion. The best immediate management is:
Topical antibiotics
Patch the eye for 48 hours
Immediate corneal transplant
Oral steroids
Explanation - Topical antibiotics prevent infection and promote healing of corneal abrasions.
Correct answer is: Topical antibiotics
Q.8 Which imaging modality is preferred to evaluate orbital fractures?
MRI orbit
Ultrasound B-scan
CT scan orbit
Fundus photography
Explanation - CT scan provides detailed bone imaging and is preferred for assessing orbital fractures.
Correct answer is: CT scan orbit
Q.9 An afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) after trauma indicates:
Lens dislocation
Retinal detachment
Optic nerve injury
Corneal abrasion
Explanation - Relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) occurs when the optic nerve is damaged, causing asymmetrical pupillary responses.
Correct answer is: Optic nerve injury
Q.10 Blunt trauma to the orbit may cause which type of fracture?
Zygomaticomaxillary
Orbital floor 'blowout'
Nasal bone
Mandibular condyle
Explanation - Blunt trauma often leads to orbital floor fractures without affecting the orbital rim, called blowout fractures.
Correct answer is: Orbital floor 'blowout'
Q.11 A traumatic cataract is most commonly caused by:
Blunt trauma
Penetrating injury
Chemical burn
UV exposure
Explanation - Blunt trauma can damage the lens capsule, leading to opacification and traumatic cataract formation.
Correct answer is: Blunt trauma
Q.12 A 10-year-old presents with ocular chemical burn. The first step is:
Topical antibiotics
Immediate irrigation
Cycloplegic drops
Patch the eye
Explanation - Immediate copious irrigation with saline or water is the first and most crucial step in managing chemical eye burns.
Correct answer is: Immediate irrigation
Q.13 Which of the following is a closed-globe injury?
Corneal laceration
Scleral rupture
Hyphema
Lens extrusion
Explanation - Closed-globe injuries occur without full-thickness penetration of the eye wall; hyphema is a classic example.
Correct answer is: Hyphema
Q.14 Traumatic optic neuropathy is most commonly associated with:
Orbital fracture
Blunt forehead trauma
Penetrating corneal injury
Hyphema
Explanation - Direct or indirect blunt trauma to the forehead can transmit force to the optic canal, causing optic nerve injury.
Correct answer is: Blunt forehead trauma
Q.15 Which chemical is most dangerous for ocular burns due to saponification of cell membranes?
Acetic acid
Sulfuric acid
Sodium hydroxide
Ammonium chloride
Explanation - Alkaline agents like sodium hydroxide penetrate tissues rapidly and cause liquefactive necrosis through saponification.
Correct answer is: Sodium hydroxide
Q.16 Which of the following is true about globe rupture?
It is caused by blunt trauma and is a full-thickness injury
It only affects the cornea
It can be managed with topical drops alone
It never affects vision
Explanation - Globe rupture usually results from blunt trauma causing full-thickness damage to the sclera or cornea.
Correct answer is: It is caused by blunt trauma and is a full-thickness injury
Q.17 A 'teardrop pupil' is classically seen in:
Lens dislocation
Globe rupture
Retinal detachment
Hyphema
Explanation - A teardrop-shaped pupil points toward the site of scleral rupture and indicates globe rupture.
Correct answer is: Globe rupture
Q.18 Which is the preferred anesthetic for ocular surface injuries in adults?
Topical proparacaine
Oral lidocaine
IV benzocaine
Subconjunctival bupivacaine
Explanation - Topical anesthetic drops like proparacaine relieve pain during examination and minor procedures without systemic effects.
Correct answer is: Topical proparacaine
Q.19 In orbital floor fractures, which structure is commonly entrapped?
Medial rectus
Inferior rectus
Superior oblique
Lateral rectus
Explanation - Inferior rectus muscle can become entrapped in orbital floor fractures, leading to restricted upward gaze.
Correct answer is: Inferior rectus
Q.20 A 30-year-old male has ocular trauma with vitreous prolapse. This is most likely due to:
Open-globe injury
Hyphema
Corneal abrasion
Blunt trauma only
Explanation - Vitreous prolapse indicates full-thickness injury to the globe wall, characteristic of open-globe injuries.
Correct answer is: Open-globe injury
Q.21 Which of the following ocular injuries can lead to secondary glaucoma?
Hyphema
Corneal abrasion
Eyelid laceration
Subconjunctival hemorrhage
Explanation - Blood in the anterior chamber can block the trabecular meshwork, increasing intraocular pressure and causing secondary glaucoma.
Correct answer is: Hyphema
Q.22 Which eye structure is most commonly affected by penetrating trauma?
Cornea
Lens
Retina
Optic nerve
Explanation - The cornea, being anterior and exposed, is the most frequent site of penetrating ocular injuries.
Correct answer is: Cornea
Q.23 What is the main concern with intraocular foreign bodies (IOFB)?
Infection and vision loss
Cosmetic appearance
Red eye only
Mild discomfort
Explanation - Intraocular foreign bodies can cause endophthalmitis and permanent vision loss if not promptly managed.
Correct answer is: Infection and vision loss
Q.24 A chemical eye injury with acid is usually less severe than alkaline because:
Acids coagulate proteins limiting penetration
Acids penetrate deeper
Acids always cause hyphema
Acids dissolve the lens instantly
Explanation - Acids cause coagulative necrosis which limits deeper tissue penetration, whereas alkalis penetrate more rapidly.
Correct answer is: Acids coagulate proteins limiting penetration