Q.1 Which of the following is the most effective long-term strategy for smoking cessation?
Cold turkey quitting
Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)
Behavioral counseling combined with pharmacotherapy
Gradual reduction of cigarettes
Explanation - Combining behavioral counseling with pharmacotherapy (e.g., nicotine replacement, bupropion, varenicline) has been shown to produce the highest long-term cessation rates.
Correct answer is: Behavioral counseling combined with pharmacotherapy
Q.2 Which of the following medications is a partial agonist at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, helping reduce cravings?
Bupropion
Varenicline
Nicotine patch
Clonidine
Explanation - Varenicline works as a partial agonist at nicotinic receptors, reducing withdrawal symptoms and decreasing the rewarding effects of smoking.
Correct answer is: Varenicline
Q.3 Which lifestyle intervention is most associated with reducing cardiovascular risk in smokers?
Daily meditation
Regular physical activity
Low-carb diet
Intermittent fasting
Explanation - Regular exercise improves cardiovascular health, helps with weight management, and supports smoking cessation by reducing stress and cravings.
Correct answer is: Regular physical activity
Q.4 What is the recommended first-line pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation in patients with contraindications to varenicline?
Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)
Bupropion
Clonidine
Nortriptyline
Explanation - Bupropion is an effective first-line option for smoking cessation in patients who cannot take varenicline, particularly if they have no contraindications to its use.
Correct answer is: Bupropion
Q.5 Which of the following is a common side effect of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)?
Constipation
Skin irritation at patch site
Hair loss
Visual disturbances
Explanation - Nicotine patches can cause mild local skin irritation; other forms of NRT, like gum or lozenges, may cause mouth or throat discomfort.
Correct answer is: Skin irritation at patch site
Q.6 Which behavioral strategy is most effective in preventing relapse after quitting smoking?
Avoiding all social interactions
Identifying triggers and developing coping strategies
Fasting for 24 hours
Using e-cigarettes indefinitely
Explanation - Understanding triggers and using coping mechanisms (e.g., stress management, social support) is key to long-term smoking cessation success.
Correct answer is: Identifying triggers and developing coping strategies
Q.7 Bupropion aids smoking cessation primarily by:
Stimulating nicotine receptors
Blocking dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake
Causing nicotine aversion
Increasing serotonin levels only
Explanation - Bupropion is a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor; it helps reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms without directly stimulating nicotine receptors.
Correct answer is: Blocking dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake
Q.8 Which of the following is considered a modifiable lifestyle factor to improve lung health in smokers?
Genetic predisposition
Age
Physical activity
History of asthma
Explanation - Increasing physical activity improves lung function and cardiovascular health and helps reduce the risk of complications associated with smoking.
Correct answer is: Physical activity
Q.9 Motivational interviewing is particularly useful in smoking cessation because it:
Uses strict directives to force change
Enhances patient’s intrinsic motivation to quit
Relies on pharmacological support only
Encourages social isolation
Explanation - Motivational interviewing helps patients explore ambivalence and develop internal motivation to change behavior, which is key for successful cessation.
Correct answer is: Enhances patient’s intrinsic motivation to quit
Q.10 Which of the following is the strongest predictor of smoking relapse?
Short duration of smoking
High stress levels
Low nicotine dependence
Regular exercise routine
Explanation - Stress is a major trigger for relapse; interventions that address stress management improve long-term abstinence.
Correct answer is: High stress levels
Q.11 E-cigarettes are considered for smoking cessation because they:
Are completely risk-free
Deliver nicotine without combustion
Eliminate nicotine dependence
Cure lung disease
Explanation - E-cigarettes provide nicotine without the harmful byproducts of combustion, but they are not risk-free and their long-term safety is still under study.
Correct answer is: Deliver nicotine without combustion
Q.12 Which vitamin deficiency is commonly observed in smokers?
Vitamin C
Vitamin B12
Vitamin D
Vitamin K
Explanation - Smokers often have lower plasma vitamin C levels due to increased oxidative stress and metabolic degradation.
Correct answer is: Vitamin C
Q.13 Which of the following is an effective strategy to reduce weight gain after quitting smoking?
Skipping meals
Increased physical activity and balanced diet
Drastic low-calorie diet
Continued nicotine use without quitting
Explanation - Combining exercise with a healthy diet helps manage post-cessation weight gain and supports overall health.
Correct answer is: Increased physical activity and balanced diet
Q.14 Which of the following counseling approaches is most appropriate for adolescent smokers?
Advising harsh penalties
Peer-group support and motivational interviewing
Pharmacotherapy only
Ignoring the behavior
Explanation - Adolescents respond well to peer support and motivational techniques rather than punitive measures or pharmacotherapy alone.
Correct answer is: Peer-group support and motivational interviewing
Q.15 Which of these is a common withdrawal symptom experienced after quitting smoking?
Hyperactivity
Increased appetite
Excessive sweating
Visual hallucinations
Explanation - Nicotine withdrawal often causes increased appetite, irritability, anxiety, and cravings.
Correct answer is: Increased appetite
Q.16 Which of the following strategies is recommended to reduce secondhand smoke exposure at home?
Smoking in the kitchen
Using air fresheners
Implementing a total household smoking ban
Smoking near open windows
Explanation - A complete ban on indoor smoking is the most effective way to protect non-smokers from secondhand smoke.
Correct answer is: Implementing a total household smoking ban
Q.17 Nicotine gum helps with smoking cessation by:
Reducing nicotine withdrawal symptoms
Causing nicotine aversion
Increasing nicotine metabolism
Enhancing dopamine degradation
Explanation - Nicotine gum provides a controlled dose of nicotine, alleviating withdrawal symptoms while gradually reducing dependence.
Correct answer is: Reducing nicotine withdrawal symptoms
Q.18 Which of the following lifestyle changes most effectively reduces the risk of smoking-related cancers?
Daily stretching exercises
Balanced diet with high fruit and vegetable intake
Skipping breakfast
Using e-cigarettes occasionally
Explanation - A diet rich in antioxidants and fiber supports overall health and can help reduce the risk of cancer, especially when combined with smoking cessation.
Correct answer is: Balanced diet with high fruit and vegetable intake
Q.19 Which statement is true about smoking and mental health?
Smoking improves long-term mood
Nicotine dependence can exacerbate anxiety and depression
Quitting smoking has no impact on mental health
Smoking prevents stress permanently
Explanation - Although smoking may provide temporary relief, chronic nicotine dependence can worsen mental health outcomes over time.
Correct answer is: Nicotine dependence can exacerbate anxiety and depression
Q.20 Which intervention has been shown to increase the success rate of smoking cessation in primary care settings?
Brief advice by healthcare providers
No intervention
Providing pamphlets only
Recommending self-help apps without follow-up
Explanation - Even brief counseling from healthcare professionals can significantly increase quit rates when combined with follow-up support.
Correct answer is: Brief advice by healthcare providers
Q.21 Which of the following is a contraindication for using bupropion for smoking cessation?
History of seizure disorder
Mild hypertension
Age above 60
Seasonal allergies
Explanation - Bupropion lowers the seizure threshold and is contraindicated in patients with a history of seizures.
Correct answer is: History of seizure disorder
Q.22 Which of the following is a key component of a comprehensive lifestyle approach to smoking cessation?
Medication only
Behavioral counseling, physical activity, and stress management
Avoiding fruits and vegetables
Skipping sleep to avoid cravings
Explanation - A holistic approach addressing behavior, exercise, and stress improves the likelihood of successful smoking cessation.
Correct answer is: Behavioral counseling, physical activity, and stress management
Q.23 Which of the following is true regarding the use of e-cigarettes in youth smoking prevention?
They are completely safe and recommended
They can act as a gateway to traditional cigarette use
They eliminate nicotine dependence completely
They cure lung diseases caused by smoking
Explanation - Evidence suggests that adolescents using e-cigarettes are at higher risk of transitioning to conventional cigarette smoking.
Correct answer is: They can act as a gateway to traditional cigarette use
Q.24 Which of the following is an evidence-based method to increase motivation to quit smoking?
Scaring patients with graphic images only
Setting a quit date and providing follow-up support
Ignoring the patient’s readiness to change
Telling patients they cannot succeed
Explanation - Establishing a concrete quit plan with follow-up improves motivation and cessation success rates.
Correct answer is: Setting a quit date and providing follow-up support