Q.1 Which nutrient is essential for muscle repair and growth?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
Vitamin C
Explanation - Proteins provide amino acids, which are essential for the repair and growth of muscles.
Correct answer is: Proteins
Q.2 Which vitamin is primarily obtained from sunlight exposure?
Vitamin A
Vitamin B12
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Explanation - Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight and is important for calcium absorption.
Correct answer is: Vitamin D
Q.3 A diet high in which nutrient can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease?
Saturated fats
Unsaturated fats
Fiber
Vitamin K
Explanation - High intake of saturated fats can raise LDL cholesterol levels, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Correct answer is: Saturated fats
Q.4 Which mineral is most important for maintaining strong bones?
Iron
Calcium
Zinc
Potassium
Explanation - Calcium is a key component of bones and is essential for maintaining bone density and preventing osteoporosis.
Correct answer is: Calcium
Q.5 Which of the following is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids?
Salmon
Chicken breast
Rice
Apples
Explanation - Fatty fish like salmon contain high levels of omega-3 fatty acids, which support heart and brain health.
Correct answer is: Salmon
Q.6 Excessive intake of which vitamin can lead to toxicity?
Vitamin C
Vitamin B1
Vitamin A
Vitamin B2
Explanation - Vitamin A is fat-soluble; excessive intake can accumulate in the liver and cause toxicity.
Correct answer is: Vitamin A
Q.7 Which nutrient is the body's primary source of energy?
Protein
Carbohydrates
Fats
Vitamins
Explanation - Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, the primary energy source for cells.
Correct answer is: Carbohydrates
Q.8 Which of the following diets is recommended for managing hypertension?
DASH diet
Ketogenic diet
Carnivore diet
High-sugar diet
Explanation - The DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) is rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy, reducing blood pressure.
Correct answer is: DASH diet
Q.9 Which macronutrient should be reduced to manage type 2 diabetes effectively?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
Fiber
Explanation - Reducing simple carbohydrates helps control blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes.
Correct answer is: Carbohydrates
Q.10 Which dietary component is most effective in lowering LDL cholesterol?
Soluble fiber
Saturated fat
Trans fat
Sodium
Explanation - Soluble fiber binds to cholesterol in the gut and reduces its absorption, lowering LDL cholesterol.
Correct answer is: Soluble fiber
Q.11 Which vitamin is important for red blood cell production?
Vitamin B12
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Explanation - Vitamin B12 is essential for the formation of red blood cells and DNA synthesis.
Correct answer is: Vitamin B12
Q.12 A deficiency in which mineral can cause anemia?
Iron
Calcium
Magnesium
Zinc
Explanation - Iron is required for hemoglobin synthesis; deficiency leads to iron-deficiency anemia.
Correct answer is: Iron
Q.13 Which of the following is a high-glycemic index food?
White bread
Lentils
Broccoli
Oatmeal
Explanation - White bread causes rapid spikes in blood sugar levels due to its high glycemic index.
Correct answer is: White bread
Q.14 Which of the following is NOT a water-soluble vitamin?
Vitamin C
Vitamin B6
Vitamin A
Vitamin B12
Explanation - Vitamin A is fat-soluble, while vitamins B and C are water-soluble.
Correct answer is: Vitamin A
Q.15 Which type of fat is considered heart-healthy?
Trans fat
Saturated fat
Unsaturated fat
Hydrogenated fat
Explanation - Unsaturated fats, found in nuts, seeds, and olive oil, help reduce bad cholesterol levels.
Correct answer is: Unsaturated fat
Q.16 Which nutrient is essential for collagen synthesis?
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Calcium
Iron
Explanation - Vitamin C is a cofactor for enzymes that synthesize collagen, important for skin, cartilage, and bones.
Correct answer is: Vitamin C
Q.17 Which type of dietary fiber helps in preventing constipation?
Insoluble fiber
Soluble fiber
Trans fat
Simple sugars
Explanation - Insoluble fiber adds bulk to stool and facilitates bowel movements.
Correct answer is: Insoluble fiber
Q.18 Which of the following foods is rich in probiotics?
Yogurt
Bread
Rice
Apple
Explanation - Yogurt contains live cultures of beneficial bacteria, which improve gut health.
Correct answer is: Yogurt
Q.19 Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?
Vitamin B6
Vitamin K
Vitamin C
Vitamin B12
Explanation - Vitamin K is fat-soluble and plays an essential role in blood clotting and bone health.
Correct answer is: Vitamin K
Q.20 Which of these is a key guideline for healthy eating according to WHO?
Increase intake of saturated fats
Consume more fruits and vegetables
Drink sugary drinks daily
Avoid all carbohydrates
Explanation - WHO recommends a diet rich in fruits and vegetables for better health and disease prevention.
Correct answer is: Consume more fruits and vegetables
Q.21 Which nutrient is particularly important during pregnancy for fetal neural development?
Folic acid
Vitamin D
Calcium
Iron
Explanation - Folic acid prevents neural tube defects and supports proper fetal brain and spine development.
Correct answer is: Folic acid
Q.22 Which food group is the primary source of dietary fiber?
Fruits and vegetables
Meat and fish
Dairy products
Oils and fats
Explanation - Fruits and vegetables are rich in dietary fiber, which aids digestion and prevents constipation.
Correct answer is: Fruits and vegetables
Q.23 Which of the following is most likely to be deficient in a vegan diet?
Vitamin B12
Vitamin C
Carbohydrates
Vitamin A
Explanation - Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products, so vegans are at risk of deficiency.
Correct answer is: Vitamin B12
Q.24 Which dietary approach is recommended for weight loss?
Calorie deficit
High sugar intake
Excess saturated fats
Skipping proteins
Explanation - Weight loss is achieved by consuming fewer calories than the body expends.
Correct answer is: Calorie deficit
Q.25 Which nutrient helps in maintaining fluid balance and nerve function?
Potassium
Vitamin C
Calcium
Iron
Explanation - Potassium regulates fluid balance, muscle contractions, and nerve signaling.
Correct answer is: Potassium