Q.1 Which of the following is the most common type of dermatitis?
Atopic dermatitis
Contact dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Nummular dermatitis
Explanation - Atopic dermatitis is the most common form of dermatitis, especially prevalent in children and young adults.
Correct answer is: Atopic dermatitis
Q.2 Which environmental factor is most likely to worsen atopic dermatitis?
Cold and dry weather
Warm and humid weather
Sea water exposure
Daily moisturizing
Explanation - Cold and dry weather reduces skin hydration and can exacerbate atopic dermatitis.
Correct answer is: Cold and dry weather
Q.3 Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is allergic contact dermatitis?
Type I
Type II
Type III
Type IV
Explanation - Allergic contact dermatitis is a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction mediated by T-cells (Type IV).
Correct answer is: Type IV
Q.4 Seborrheic dermatitis is commonly associated with overgrowth of which organism?
Candida albicans
Malassezia species
Staphylococcus aureus
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Explanation - Seborrheic dermatitis is linked to Malassezia yeast proliferation on the skin.
Correct answer is: Malassezia species
Q.5 Which location is most typical for nummular dermatitis lesions?
Palms and soles
Scalp
Extensor surfaces of arms and legs
Interdigital spaces
Explanation - Nummular dermatitis presents as coin-shaped lesions, typically on extensor surfaces of arms and legs.
Correct answer is: Extensor surfaces of arms and legs
Q.6 Which of the following is a hallmark symptom of atopic dermatitis?
Severe pruritus
Pustule formation
Vesicles filled with pus
Painful ulcers
Explanation - Intense itching (pruritus) is the hallmark feature of atopic dermatitis.
Correct answer is: Severe pruritus
Q.7 Which factor is most important in the pathogenesis of irritant contact dermatitis?
Immune hypersensitivity
Direct cytotoxic effect
Genetic predisposition
Hormonal imbalance
Explanation - Irritant contact dermatitis occurs due to direct damage to skin cells from chemicals or irritants, not immune-mediated.
Correct answer is: Direct cytotoxic effect
Q.8 Lichenification is most commonly seen in which dermatitis?
Atopic dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Irritant dermatitis
Stasis dermatitis
Explanation - Chronic scratching in atopic dermatitis leads to skin thickening, known as lichenification.
Correct answer is: Atopic dermatitis
Q.9 Stasis dermatitis is commonly associated with which underlying condition?
Diabetes mellitus
Chronic venous insufficiency
Hypertension
Chronic kidney disease
Explanation - Stasis dermatitis develops due to chronic venous insufficiency leading to edema and skin changes in the lower legs.
Correct answer is: Chronic venous insufficiency
Q.10 Which skin finding is most suggestive of seborrheic dermatitis in infants?
Diaper rash
Cradle cap
Red cheeks
Generalized dryness
Explanation - Cradle cap refers to greasy, yellowish scales on the scalp, characteristic of seborrheic dermatitis in infants.
Correct answer is: Cradle cap
Q.11 Which systemic condition is strongly associated with seborrheic dermatitis in adults?
HIV infection
Diabetes mellitus
Asthma
Peptic ulcer disease
Explanation - Seborrheic dermatitis is more severe and common in patients with HIV.
Correct answer is: HIV infection
Q.12 Which dermatitis type is often aggravated by emotional stress?
Atopic dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Nummular dermatitis
Stasis dermatitis
Explanation - Stress is known to exacerbate atopic dermatitis flare-ups.
Correct answer is: Atopic dermatitis
Q.13 What is the first-line treatment for atopic dermatitis?
Topical corticosteroids
Oral antibiotics
Topical antifungals
Oral antihistamines
Explanation - Topical corticosteroids are the mainstay for reducing inflammation in atopic dermatitis.
Correct answer is: Topical corticosteroids
Q.14 Which dermatitis is most commonly seen in the elderly due to skin dryness?
Atopic dermatitis
Asteatotic dermatitis
Nummular dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Explanation - Asteatotic dermatitis, also called eczema craquelé, occurs in elderly due to dry, cracked skin.
Correct answer is: Asteatotic dermatitis
Q.15 Nickel allergy most commonly causes which type of dermatitis?
Atopic dermatitis
Allergic contact dermatitis
Irritant dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Explanation - Nickel is a common allergen causing allergic contact dermatitis.
Correct answer is: Allergic contact dermatitis
Q.16 Dyshidrotic eczema usually presents with vesicles on which location?
Scalp
Palms and soles
Face
Back
Explanation - Dyshidrotic eczema is characterized by small, itchy vesicles on the palms and soles.
Correct answer is: Palms and soles
Q.17 Which vitamin deficiency may worsen dermatitis?
Vitamin A
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
Vitamin C
Vitamin K
Explanation - Niacin deficiency causes pellagra, which presents with dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia.
Correct answer is: Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
Q.18 Which feature best distinguishes irritant contact dermatitis from allergic contact dermatitis?
Itching
Pain and burning
Delayed onset after exposure
Presence of vesicles
Explanation - Irritant dermatitis often causes more pain and burning, while allergic dermatitis is more pruritic.
Correct answer is: Pain and burning
Q.19 Which treatment is most effective for stasis dermatitis?
Compression therapy
Topical antibiotics
Systemic steroids
Antifungal creams
Explanation - Stasis dermatitis is treated by improving venous return using compression stockings or bandages.
Correct answer is: Compression therapy
Q.20 Which immune cell plays a key role in allergic contact dermatitis?
Neutrophils
B-cells
T-lymphocytes
Eosinophils
Explanation - Allergic contact dermatitis is a T-cell mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction.
Correct answer is: T-lymphocytes
Q.21 Which dermatitis often improves with exposure to sunlight?
Atopic dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Nummular dermatitis
Stasis dermatitis
Explanation - Some cases of atopic dermatitis improve with controlled sun exposure due to immunomodulation.
Correct answer is: Atopic dermatitis
Q.22 Which is the most characteristic lesion of nummular dermatitis?
Coin-shaped plaques
Greasy yellow scales
Linear fissures
Vesicular eruptions
Explanation - Nummular dermatitis presents as circular, coin-shaped erythematous plaques.
Correct answer is: Coin-shaped plaques
Q.23 Which of the following is the mainstay of seborrheic dermatitis treatment?
Topical antifungals
Oral antibiotics
Oral corticosteroids
Topical retinoids
Explanation - Topical antifungals such as ketoconazole reduce Malassezia proliferation in seborrheic dermatitis.
Correct answer is: Topical antifungals
Q.24 Which occupational group is at high risk for irritant contact dermatitis?
Healthcare workers
Teachers
Bankers
Writers
Explanation - Frequent handwashing and disinfectant use make healthcare workers prone to irritant contact dermatitis.
Correct answer is: Healthcare workers
Q.25 Which histological feature is common to most eczematous dermatitis?
Spongiosis
Hyperkeratosis
Parakeratosis
Acanthosis
Explanation - Spongiosis, or intercellular edema of the epidermis, is the hallmark of eczematous dermatitis.
Correct answer is: Spongiosis