Q.1 Which of the following is the most common allergic skin disorder?
Psoriasis
Atopic dermatitis
Vitiligo
Rosacea
Explanation - Atopic dermatitis is the most common chronic allergic skin disorder, especially in children, characterized by itchy, inflamed skin.
Correct answer is: Atopic dermatitis
Q.2 Which immunoglobulin is most associated with allergic skin disorders?
IgG
IgM
IgE
IgA
Explanation - IgE plays a key role in allergic reactions by binding to allergens and triggering mast cell degranulation, leading to symptoms.
Correct answer is: IgE
Q.3 Which condition is commonly known as 'hives'?
Eczema
Urticaria
Lichen planus
Seborrheic dermatitis
Explanation - Urticaria, or hives, presents as raised, itchy welts on the skin due to allergic reactions or other triggers.
Correct answer is: Urticaria
Q.4 Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is involved in contact dermatitis?
Type I
Type II
Type III
Type IV
Explanation - Contact dermatitis involves a delayed Type IV hypersensitivity reaction mediated by T-cells rather than antibodies.
Correct answer is: Type IV
Q.5 Which of the following allergens most commonly causes allergic contact dermatitis?
Pollen
Nickel
House dust mite
Animal dander
Explanation - Nickel is one of the most common causes of allergic contact dermatitis, often found in jewelry and clothing fasteners.
Correct answer is: Nickel
Q.6 Which is the hallmark symptom of atopic dermatitis?
Scaling
Intense itching
Blistering
Hair loss
Explanation - The hallmark of atopic dermatitis is intense itching, which leads to scratching and secondary skin changes.
Correct answer is: Intense itching
Q.7 Which cytokine is particularly important in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis?
IL-2
IL-4
IL-10
TNF-alpha
Explanation - IL-4 promotes IgE class switching and is central to the Th2-mediated immune response in atopic dermatitis.
Correct answer is: IL-4
Q.8 Which topical treatment is first-line for mild atopic dermatitis?
Topical steroids
Topical antifungals
Topical antibiotics
Topical retinoids
Explanation - Topical corticosteroids are the first-line treatment for reducing inflammation and itching in atopic dermatitis.
Correct answer is: Topical steroids
Q.9 Which non-pharmacological measure helps in preventing flare-ups of allergic skin disorders?
Avoiding moisturizers
Regular emollient use
Hot showers
Scratching the skin
Explanation - Regular use of emollients helps maintain the skin barrier, preventing flare-ups of allergic skin conditions.
Correct answer is: Regular emollient use
Q.10 Which age group is most commonly affected by atopic dermatitis?
Infants and children
Teenagers
Middle-aged adults
Elderly
Explanation - Atopic dermatitis is most prevalent in infants and children, though it can persist or develop in adults.
Correct answer is: Infants and children
Q.11 Angioedema commonly affects which part of the body?
Fingers
Lips and eyelids
Scalp
Feet
Explanation - Angioedema typically involves swelling of soft tissues such as the lips, eyelids, and tongue due to allergic reactions.
Correct answer is: Lips and eyelids
Q.12 What is the most common trigger for urticaria?
Sunlight
Food allergens
Nickel
Soap
Explanation - Food allergens such as nuts, shellfish, and eggs are common triggers for urticaria.
Correct answer is: Food allergens
Q.13 Which diagnostic test is most useful for allergic contact dermatitis?
Skin biopsy
Patch test
Prick test
Blood IgG levels
Explanation - Patch testing helps identify allergens responsible for contact dermatitis by applying them to the skin.
Correct answer is: Patch test
Q.14 Which mediator is primarily responsible for the itching in allergic skin disorders?
Dopamine
Histamine
Serotonin
Adrenaline
Explanation - Histamine, released from mast cells, is the primary mediator causing itching and swelling in allergic reactions.
Correct answer is: Histamine
Q.15 Which genetic factor is associated with increased risk of atopic dermatitis?
Filaggrin gene mutation
CFTR mutation
BRCA1 mutation
HFE mutation
Explanation - Mutations in the filaggrin gene impair skin barrier function, increasing susceptibility to atopic dermatitis.
Correct answer is: Filaggrin gene mutation
Q.16 Which systemic treatment may be used in severe chronic urticaria?
Methotrexate
Omalizumab
Isotretinoin
Cyclosporine
Explanation - Omalizumab, an anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, is effective in treating severe chronic urticaria.
Correct answer is: Omalizumab
Q.17 Which of the following best describes the lesions of urticaria?
Scaly patches
Vesicular eruptions
Transient wheals
Hyperpigmented macules
Explanation - Urticaria is characterized by transient, itchy wheals that appear and disappear within hours.
Correct answer is: Transient wheals
Q.18 Which condition is also called 'eczema herpeticum'?
Herpes zoster
Kaposi’s varicelliform eruption
Contact dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Explanation - Kaposi’s varicelliform eruption, or eczema herpeticum, is a severe herpes simplex infection in patients with atopic dermatitis.
Correct answer is: Kaposi’s varicelliform eruption
Q.19 Which is the first-line antihistamine for allergic skin conditions?
First-generation sedating antihistamines
Second-generation non-sedating antihistamines
Topical antihistamines
Leukotriene inhibitors
Explanation - Second-generation non-sedating antihistamines are preferred due to their safety and minimal drowsiness.
Correct answer is: Second-generation non-sedating antihistamines
Q.20 Which skin disorder is often called the 'itch that rashes'?
Contact dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis
Psoriasis
Urticaria
Explanation - Atopic dermatitis is referred to as the 'itch that rashes' because itching typically precedes rash development.
Correct answer is: Atopic dermatitis
Q.21 Which of the following can trigger angioedema without urticaria?
Histamine release
Bradykinin accumulation
IgG antibodies
T-cell activation
Explanation - Bradykinin accumulation, such as in ACE inhibitor-induced angioedema, causes swelling without urticaria.
Correct answer is: Bradykinin accumulation
Q.22 Which of the following is a common occupational cause of allergic contact dermatitis?
Coal dust
Cement (chromates)
Petroleum jelly
Salt water
Explanation - Chromates in cement are a common cause of occupational allergic contact dermatitis.
Correct answer is: Cement (chromates)
Q.23 Which type of allergic skin disorder is often associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis?
Atopic dermatitis
Contact dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Psoriasis
Explanation - Atopic dermatitis is often associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis in the 'atopic triad'.
Correct answer is: Atopic dermatitis
Q.24 Which lab test may show elevated levels in patients with atopic dermatitis?
Serum IgE
Serum IgM
Serum complement
Serum calcium
Explanation - Elevated serum IgE is often found in atopic dermatitis patients, reflecting the allergic immune response.
Correct answer is: Serum IgE
Q.25 Which condition is characterized by intensely itchy papules at night due to mite infestation?
Atopic dermatitis
Urticaria
Scabies
Lichen planus
Explanation - Scabies causes intensely itchy papules, especially at night, due to infestation by Sarcoptes scabiei mites.
Correct answer is: Scabies