Q.1 Who is considered the founder of modern psychiatric nursing?
Clara Barton
Linda Richards
Florence Nightingale
Dorothea Dix
Explanation - Linda Richards is recognized as the first professionally trained American psychiatric nurse and a pioneer in psychiatric nursing.
Correct answer is: Linda Richards
Q.2 In which century did psychiatric nursing begin to emerge as a formal profession?
17th century
18th century
19th century
20th century
Explanation - Psychiatric nursing began developing as a formal profession in the 19th century with the establishment of mental hospitals and structured nurse training.
Correct answer is: 19th century
Q.3 Which organization first established psychiatric nursing standards in the United States?
American Psychiatric Association
National League for Nursing
American Nurses Association
World Health Organization
Explanation - The American Nurses Association (ANA) played a key role in establishing professional standards for psychiatric nursing.
Correct answer is: American Nurses Association
Q.4 Dorothea Dix is best known for her contributions to:
Public health nursing
Mental health reform
Pediatric nursing
Community nursing
Explanation - Dorothea Dix advocated for better care for the mentally ill and helped establish state mental hospitals in the 19th century.
Correct answer is: Mental health reform
Q.5 The first training school for psychiatric nurses in the U.S. was established in:
Boston
New York
Philadelphia
Chicago
Explanation - The first U.S. training school for psychiatric nurses was founded in Boston by Linda Richards in 1882.
Correct answer is: Boston
Q.6 Which historical period emphasized moral treatment in psychiatric care?
Renaissance
Enlightenment
Industrial Revolution
Post-World War II
Explanation - During the Enlightenment, the concept of moral treatment emerged, focusing on humane care for people with mental illness.
Correct answer is: Enlightenment
Q.7 Florence Nightingale’s contributions to nursing influenced psychiatric nursing primarily through:
Military nursing
Sanitation and patient care standards
Medication development
Psychotherapy techniques
Explanation - Nightingale emphasized hygiene, environment, and holistic patient care, which influenced all nursing, including psychiatric nursing.
Correct answer is: Sanitation and patient care standards
Q.8 Which war led to an increased demand for psychiatric nurses in the U.S.?
Civil War
World War I
World War II
Vietnam War
Explanation - World War II created a significant need for psychiatric nurses to care for soldiers with 'combat fatigue' and other mental health issues.
Correct answer is: World War II
Q.9 In the early 20th century, psychiatric nursing care focused primarily on:
Psychotherapy
Medical management and custodial care
Community outreach
Family counseling
Explanation - Initially, psychiatric nursing was largely custodial, focusing on physical care, observation, and maintaining patient safety.
Correct answer is: Medical management and custodial care
Q.10 The term 'mental hygiene' was popularized by:
Clifford Beers
Sigmund Freud
Jean-Martin Charcot
Emil Kraepelin
Explanation - Clifford Beers, through his autobiography, advocated for mental health reform and introduced the concept of 'mental hygiene'.
Correct answer is: Clifford Beers
Q.11 Which approach marked a major shift in psychiatric nursing in the mid-20th century?
Moral treatment
Biopsychosocial approach
Custodial care
Psychoanalysis
Explanation - The biopsychosocial model integrated biological, psychological, and social aspects of care, transforming psychiatric nursing practice.
Correct answer is: Biopsychosocial approach
Q.12 Who introduced the first psychiatric nursing textbook in the U.S.?
Linda Richards
Hildegard Peplau
Florence Nightingale
Dorothea Dix
Explanation - Linda Richards wrote the first textbook for psychiatric nursing, helping to formalize training and professional standards.
Correct answer is: Linda Richards
Q.13 The National Mental Health Act of 1946 in the U.S. primarily:
Funded psychiatric hospital construction
Promoted psychiatric research and education
Established mandatory nursing licensure
Created community clinics
Explanation - The Act provided federal funding for psychiatric research, education, and training, enhancing psychiatric nursing development.
Correct answer is: Promoted psychiatric research and education
Q.14 Which nursing theorist is closely associated with the development of psychiatric nursing as a therapeutic practice?
Hildegard Peplau
Virginia Henderson
Jean Watson
Madeleine Leininger
Explanation - Hildegard Peplau, the 'mother of psychiatric nursing,' emphasized the nurse-patient relationship and therapeutic communication.
Correct answer is: Hildegard Peplau
Q.15 Psychiatric nursing education expanded significantly after which major event?
Civil War
Great Depression
World War II
Korean War
Explanation - The psychiatric needs of returning soldiers led to expanded education programs and training in psychiatric nursing.
Correct answer is: World War II
Q.16 Which historical figure advocated for asylums to be places of treatment rather than punishment?
Clara Barton
Dorothea Dix
Florence Nightingale
Linda Richards
Explanation - Dorothea Dix pushed for the reform of mental institutions to focus on care and treatment, not punishment.
Correct answer is: Dorothea Dix
Q.17 The term 'psychiatric nursing' first appeared in:
Early 1800s
Late 1800s
Early 1900s
Mid-1900s
Explanation - Psychiatric nursing became recognized as a specialty in the late 19th century, with formal training programs established.
Correct answer is: Late 1800s
Q.18 Which approach in the 20th century emphasized group therapy and social skills in psychiatric care?
Psychoanalysis
Milieu therapy
Behavioral therapy
Cognitive therapy
Explanation - Milieu therapy used the therapeutic community and social interactions to promote mental health and adaptive behavior.
Correct answer is: Milieu therapy
Q.19 Community mental health movement began gaining momentum in the U.S. during which decade?
1920s
1940s
1960s
1980s
Explanation - The 1960s saw the rise of community mental health centers to provide outpatient care and reduce institutionalization.
Correct answer is: 1960s
Q.20 Hildegard Peplau emphasized which key aspect in psychiatric nursing?
Medical interventions
Therapeutic nurse-patient relationship
Hospital administration
Pharmacology
Explanation - Peplau highlighted the importance of understanding patient needs and communication to facilitate mental health recovery.
Correct answer is: Therapeutic nurse-patient relationship
Q.21 Which concept refers to treating patients with dignity and human rights in mental hospitals?
Custodial care
Moral treatment
Biomedical care
Community care
Explanation - Moral treatment focused on humane care, respect, and rehabilitation of people with mental illnesses during the 18th and 19th centuries.
Correct answer is: Moral treatment
Q.22 Which factor significantly influenced the professionalization of psychiatric nursing in the early 20th century?
Technological advances
Formal training programs and certification
Government regulations
Pharmaceutical developments
Explanation - Structured education, training, and certification helped establish psychiatric nursing as a recognized profession.
Correct answer is: Formal training programs and certification
Q.23 Which therapeutic approach in psychiatric nursing was introduced in the 1950s with a focus on behavior modification?
Psychoanalysis
Behavioral therapy
Milieu therapy
Cognitive therapy
Explanation - Behavioral therapy emerged in the 1950s, using reinforcement techniques to modify patient behavior in psychiatric care.
Correct answer is: Behavioral therapy
Q.24 The National Association of Psychiatric Nurses (NAPN) was established to:
Fund psychiatric hospitals
Provide guidelines and education for psychiatric nurses
Offer patient counseling
Promote public health nursing
Explanation - NAPN focused on advancing psychiatric nursing education, standards, and professional development.
Correct answer is: Provide guidelines and education for psychiatric nurses