Q.1 Which principle primarily guides a pediatric nurse in ensuring a child’s best interests are met?
Autonomy
Beneficence
Justice
Veracity
Explanation - Beneficence refers to acting in the best interest of the patient, which is particularly important in pediatrics where children may not make fully informed decisions.
Correct answer is: Beneficence
Q.2 Informed consent in pediatric nursing is usually obtained from:
The child only
The parents or legal guardians
The nurse
The hospital administrator
Explanation - Since children are generally considered minors, informed consent must be obtained from a parent or legal guardian, although assent from the child may also be sought.
Correct answer is: The parents or legal guardians
Q.3 Which ethical principle emphasizes truth-telling to patients and families?
Fidelity
Veracity
Nonmaleficence
Justice
Explanation - Veracity refers to honesty and truth-telling, which is essential for building trust in pediatric care.
Correct answer is: Veracity
Q.4 A nurse observes a colleague neglecting a child patient. The ethical obligation is to:
Ignore it
Report to the supervisor
Discuss only with the patient
Wait for another incident
Explanation - Nurses are ethically obligated to report neglect or abuse to ensure patient safety and uphold professional standards.
Correct answer is: Report to the supervisor
Q.5 Confidentiality in pediatric nursing must be balanced with:
Parental rights
Hospital budget
Nurse’s convenience
Medication availability
Explanation - While patient confidentiality is important, parents have legal rights to be informed about their child’s health, creating a balance.
Correct answer is: Parental rights
Q.6 Which legal concept protects nurses from liability when they act in an emergency without consent?
Negligence
Assault
Good Samaritan Law
Battery
Explanation - The Good Samaritan Law provides legal protection to healthcare providers who offer care in emergencies without prior consent, as long as actions are reasonable.
Correct answer is: Good Samaritan Law
Q.7 Assent from a pediatric patient means:
Full legal consent
Child agrees to treatment with understanding
Parent refuses treatment
Nurse decides without discussion
Explanation - Assent involves the child’s agreement to treatment, appropriate for their developmental level, alongside parental consent.
Correct answer is: Child agrees to treatment with understanding
Q.8 Which of the following is considered a breach of ethical practice in pediatric nursing?
Providing pain relief
Ignoring parental concerns
Maintaining confidentiality
Encouraging play therapy
Explanation - Ignoring the concerns of parents can compromise care and violates ethical principles such as respect and collaboration.
Correct answer is: Ignoring parental concerns
Q.9 A minor is seeking confidential care for sexual health. The nurse should:
Always inform parents
Provide care within legal provisions
Refuse care
Consult social media for advice
Explanation - Laws in many regions allow minors to consent to certain types of care (like sexual or mental health) without parental involvement.
Correct answer is: Provide care within legal provisions
Q.10 Which ethical principle requires nurses to avoid causing harm to patients?
Nonmaleficence
Justice
Veracity
Autonomy
Explanation - Nonmaleficence obliges healthcare professionals to avoid harming patients, a core principle in pediatric nursing.
Correct answer is: Nonmaleficence
Q.11 Mandatory reporting laws in pediatrics require nurses to report:
Medication errors
Child abuse or neglect
Staff tardiness
Patient satisfaction scores
Explanation - Nurses are legally required to report suspected abuse or neglect to protect the child’s safety and welfare.
Correct answer is: Child abuse or neglect
Q.12 When a child refuses treatment, but parents insist, the nurse should:
Respect child’s wishes completely
Follow parents’ wishes blindly
Assess the situation and mediate ethically
Ignore both parties
Explanation - Nurses must balance the child’s autonomy with parental authority and advocate ethically for the child’s best interests.
Correct answer is: Assess the situation and mediate ethically
Q.13 An ethical dilemma arises when:
Hospital rules are followed
Two ethical principles conflict
Medication is available
Nurse works overtime
Explanation - Ethical dilemmas occur when adherence to one ethical principle may violate another, requiring careful analysis and judgment.
Correct answer is: Two ethical principles conflict
Q.14 In pediatric research, ethical approval is required to:
Enroll only adults
Protect child participants
Avoid funding
Skip documentation
Explanation - Research involving children requires ethical oversight to ensure protection from harm and respect for their rights.
Correct answer is: Protect child participants
Q.15 The principle of justice in pediatric nursing ensures:
Fair treatment and resource allocation
Personal preference of nurses
Parental dominance
Ignoring patient needs
Explanation - Justice requires equitable treatment for all patients, ensuring that children receive care without discrimination.
Correct answer is: Fair treatment and resource allocation
Q.16 Which action demonstrates fidelity in pediatric nursing?
Honoring commitments to patient care
Telling a child a lie
Ignoring hospital policy
Refusing to educate parents
Explanation - Fidelity involves loyalty, honesty, and maintaining trust by fulfilling professional obligations to patients.
Correct answer is: Honoring commitments to patient care
Q.17 Battery in a pediatric context refers to:
Verbal disagreement
Unauthorized touching or treatment
Ethical reporting
Providing medication with consent
Explanation - Battery is a legal term for performing medical procedures without consent, which can be a legal risk for nurses.
Correct answer is: Unauthorized touching or treatment
Q.18 When conflicts arise between parents and healthcare providers, the nurse should:
Take sides
Document and facilitate discussion
Ignore the conflict
Allow parents to control everything
Explanation - Proper documentation and mediation are essential to resolve conflicts ethically while prioritizing the child’s welfare.
Correct answer is: Document and facilitate discussion
Q.19 Ethical decision-making frameworks help nurses to:
Eliminate legal responsibilities
Systematically analyze dilemmas
Increase workload
Avoid communication with parents
Explanation - Frameworks guide nurses to approach ethical dilemmas logically, considering all principles and stakeholders.
Correct answer is: Systematically analyze dilemmas
Q.20 Parents refusing life-saving treatment for a child may require the nurse to:
Respect refusal without question
Consult ethics committee or legal authorities
Ignore legal obligations
Provide misinformation
Explanation - When parental decisions put a child at risk, nurses may need to involve ethics or legal bodies to protect the child.
Correct answer is: Consult ethics committee or legal authorities
Q.21 Negligence in pediatric nursing is defined as:
Intentional harm
Failure to meet standard care, causing harm
Reporting abuse
Providing proper care
Explanation - Negligence occurs when a nurse fails to provide care consistent with professional standards, resulting in patient harm.
Correct answer is: Failure to meet standard care, causing harm
Q.22 Conflicts of interest in pediatric nursing occur when:
Personal interests interfere with patient care
Nurse works overtime
Child is healthy
Parents participate in care
Explanation - A conflict of interest arises when a nurse’s personal or financial interests compromise professional judgment or patient welfare.
Correct answer is: Personal interests interfere with patient care
Q.23 Which is an example of advocacy in pediatric nursing?
Ensuring a child’s voice is heard
Ignoring child’s preferences
Following only physician orders blindly
Refusing to educate parents
Explanation - Advocacy involves representing the child’s needs and preferences, ensuring ethical and patient-centered care.
Correct answer is: Ensuring a child’s voice is heard
Q.24 A nurse documenting inaccurate information in a child’s medical record is committing:
Malpractice
Fidelity
Veracity
Beneficence
Explanation - Inaccurate documentation can be considered malpractice, as it may lead to harm and legal consequences.
Correct answer is: Malpractice
Q.25 Ethical principles in pediatric nursing are primarily guided by:
Hospital finances
Code of ethics and legal standards
Nurse’s personal preference
Parent’s convenience
Explanation - Pediatric nurses follow established professional codes of ethics and legal frameworks to guide ethical practice.
Correct answer is: Code of ethics and legal standards