Q.1 Which of the following is the most commonly used screening test for breast cancer?
Mammography
Ultrasound
MRI
CT scan
Explanation - Mammography is the standard and most widely used screening tool for early detection of breast cancer.
Correct answer is: Mammography
Q.2 At what age is it generally recommended for women with average risk to start routine mammogram screening?
30 years
40 years
50 years
60 years
Explanation - Most guidelines recommend starting routine mammography at age 40 for women at average risk.
Correct answer is: 40 years
Q.3 Which test is primarily used for early detection of cervical cancer?
Pap smear
Colonoscopy
PSA test
Mammography
Explanation - Pap smear is used to detect precancerous or cancerous changes in the cervical cells.
Correct answer is: Pap smear
Q.4 Human Papillomavirus (HPV) testing is recommended for:
Breast cancer screening
Cervical cancer screening
Colorectal cancer screening
Prostate cancer screening
Explanation - HPV testing detects the presence of high-risk HPV types that can lead to cervical cancer.
Correct answer is: Cervical cancer screening
Q.5 Which of the following is a recommended screening test for colorectal cancer in adults over 50?
Colonoscopy
Mammography
Pap smear
Ultrasound
Explanation - Colonoscopy is the gold standard for early detection of colorectal cancer and polyps in adults over 50.
Correct answer is: Colonoscopy
Q.6 Fecal occult blood test (FOBT) is used for screening which type of cancer?
Breast
Colorectal
Cervical
Lung
Explanation - FOBT detects hidden blood in the stool, which may be an early sign of colorectal cancer.
Correct answer is: Colorectal
Q.7 Low-dose CT scan is recommended for early detection of lung cancer in:
All adults
Smokers aged 55-80
Women over 40
Children
Explanation - Low-dose CT is recommended for high-risk individuals, such as older adults with a significant smoking history.
Correct answer is: Smokers aged 55-80
Q.8 Which of the following is an advantage of cancer screening programs?
They guarantee cancer prevention
They allow early detection
They eliminate the need for treatment
They replace healthy lifestyle measures
Explanation - Screening helps detect cancer early when treatment is more likely to be effective, improving survival rates.
Correct answer is: They allow early detection
Q.9 Clinical breast examination (CBE) is recommended for:
All adult women
Only women over 70
Children
Men only
Explanation - CBE is a physical exam that can help detect breast lumps in adult women and is often used along with mammography.
Correct answer is: All adult women
Q.10 Which screening test is used for prostate cancer detection?
PSA blood test
Pap smear
Colonoscopy
Mammography
Explanation - The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test helps detect prostate cancer at an early stage.
Correct answer is: PSA blood test
Q.11 The main goal of cancer screening is:
To cure cancer
To detect cancer early
To prevent infection
To avoid all hospital visits
Explanation - Early detection through screening increases the chances of successful treatment and reduces mortality.
Correct answer is: To detect cancer early
Q.12 Which population is primarily targeted for liver cancer screening?
Patients with chronic hepatitis B or C
Healthy children
Pregnant women
All adults over 20
Explanation - Individuals with chronic hepatitis infections are at higher risk for liver cancer and require regular screening.
Correct answer is: Patients with chronic hepatitis B or C
Q.13 Which screening test is considered primary for detection of skin cancer?
Visual skin examination
MRI
CT scan
Mammography
Explanation - Regular visual inspection by a dermatologist or self-examination helps detect skin cancers early.
Correct answer is: Visual skin examination
Q.14 Which of the following is a limitation of cancer screening?
Early detection
False positives
Improved survival
Increased awareness
Explanation - Screening can sometimes give false positive results, leading to unnecessary anxiety and additional tests.
Correct answer is: False positives
Q.15 Colonoscopy screening frequency for average-risk adults is generally every:
5 years
10 years
2 years
1 year
Explanation - For adults at average risk, a colonoscopy is recommended every 10 years starting at age 45-50.
Correct answer is: 10 years
Q.16 Which is an important factor for successful cancer screening programs?
Accessibility
Cost
Awareness
All of the above
Explanation - Effective screening programs require accessibility, affordability, and awareness to maximize participation.
Correct answer is: All of the above
Q.17 Digital rectal examination (DRE) is used in screening for which cancer?
Prostate
Breast
Cervical
Lung
Explanation - DRE helps detect prostate abnormalities and is often used alongside PSA testing for prostate cancer screening.
Correct answer is: Prostate
Q.18 Mammography is less effective in detecting cancer in which group?
Older women
Women with dense breast tissue
Postmenopausal women
Women over 60
Explanation - Dense breast tissue can mask tumors on mammograms, sometimes requiring additional imaging like ultrasound or MRI.
Correct answer is: Women with dense breast tissue
Q.19 Which of the following is a screening method for oral cancer?
Oral visual examination
Pap smear
Colonoscopy
Mammography
Explanation - Regular oral examinations can help detect precancerous or cancerous lesions early, especially in high-risk individuals.
Correct answer is: Oral visual examination
Q.20 Screening for gastric cancer is most commonly recommended in:
High-risk populations
All adults
Children
Pregnant women
Explanation - Screening is typically reserved for populations with high prevalence of gastric cancer due to cost-effectiveness and benefit.
Correct answer is: High-risk populations
Q.21 Which test is used for early detection of pancreatic cancer?
Currently no standard screening for general population
MRI
CT scan
Pap smear
Explanation - Due to low incidence and lack of effective tests, routine screening for pancreatic cancer is not recommended for the general population.
Correct answer is: Currently no standard screening for general population
Q.22 Which of the following cancers has the highest benefit from regular screening?
Breast, cervical, colorectal
Lung, pancreatic, ovarian
Brain, liver, kidney
Skin, thyroid, bladder
Explanation - Screening programs for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers have been shown to reduce mortality significantly.
Correct answer is: Breast, cervical, colorectal
Q.23 Self-examination is recommended for which type of cancer?
Breast and testicular cancer
Lung cancer
Colorectal cancer
Cervical cancer
Explanation - Regular self-examination helps individuals detect lumps or changes early in breast and testicular tissue.
Correct answer is: Breast and testicular cancer
Q.24 Which of the following factors may influence the effectiveness of a screening program?
Participation rate
Accuracy of test
Follow-up care
All of the above
Explanation - Screening effectiveness depends on widespread participation, test accuracy, and timely follow-up for positive results.
Correct answer is: All of the above
Q.25 Which biomarker is commonly used in ovarian cancer screening in high-risk women?
CA-125
PSA
AFP
CEA
Explanation - CA-125 is a serum biomarker that may help in early detection of ovarian cancer in high-risk individuals, though not recommended for general population screening.
Correct answer is: CA-125