Q.1 Which of the following is the most common type of arthritis in adults?
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Gout
Psoriatic arthritis
Explanation - Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, often due to wear and tear of the joint cartilage.
Correct answer is: Osteoarthritis
Q.2 A fracture in which the bone breaks but does not pierce the skin is called:
Compound fracture
Open fracture
Closed fracture
Comminuted fracture
Explanation - A closed fracture is one in which the bone breaks but the skin remains intact.
Correct answer is: Closed fracture
Q.3 Which vitamin is essential for calcium absorption and bone health?
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Vitamin K
Explanation - Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption from the gut and is crucial for bone mineralization.
Correct answer is: Vitamin D
Q.4 Which condition is characterized by decreased bone density and increased risk of fractures?
Osteoporosis
Osteomyelitis
Arthritis
Myopathy
Explanation - Osteoporosis involves reduced bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, increasing fracture risk.
Correct answer is: Osteoporosis
Q.5 A patient with muscle weakness and hypotonia may be suffering from:
Myopathy
Arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Bursitis
Explanation - Myopathies are muscle disorders that lead to weakness and decreased muscle tone (hypotonia).
Correct answer is: Myopathy
Q.6 Which joint is most commonly affected in rheumatoid arthritis?
Knee
Hip
Hand and wrist
Ankle
Explanation - Rheumatoid arthritis often affects small joints first, especially the hands and wrists, causing inflammation and deformity.
Correct answer is: Hand and wrist
Q.7 What is the primary treatment goal for osteoarthritis?
Eradicate infection
Relieve pain and improve function
Increase bone density
Prevent autoimmune response
Explanation - Osteoarthritis treatment focuses on symptom management, improving mobility, and enhancing quality of life.
Correct answer is: Relieve pain and improve function
Q.8 Which of the following is a common symptom of gout?
Red, swollen joint often in the big toe
Generalized muscle pain
Bone fractures
Joint laxity
Explanation - Gout typically causes acute pain, redness, and swelling, often in the metatarsophalangeal joint of the big toe.
Correct answer is: Red, swollen joint often in the big toe
Q.9 A 'greenstick fracture' is most commonly seen in:
Elderly adults
Infants and children
Middle-aged adults
Athletes
Explanation - Greenstick fractures occur in children because their bones are softer and more flexible, causing a partial break.
Correct answer is: Infants and children
Q.10 Which type of muscle is primarily involved in voluntary movement?
Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
Skeletal muscle
Myocardial muscle
Explanation - Skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles responsible for conscious movement of bones and joints.
Correct answer is: Skeletal muscle
Q.11 Which diagnostic test measures bone mineral density?
MRI
DEXA scan
X-ray
Ultrasound
Explanation - Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is used to measure bone density and assess risk of osteoporosis.
Correct answer is: DEXA scan
Q.12 Which condition is caused by inflammation of the fluid-filled sac near a joint?
Tendinitis
Bursitis
Arthritis
Osteomyelitis
Explanation - Bursitis is inflammation of the bursa, a fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between tissues near joints.
Correct answer is: Bursitis
Q.13 Which type of fracture results in bone shattering into several pieces?
Greenstick fracture
Comminuted fracture
Spiral fracture
Transverse fracture
Explanation - Comminuted fractures involve the bone breaking into multiple fragments, often due to high-impact trauma.
Correct answer is: Comminuted fracture
Q.14 Which of the following is a risk factor for osteoporosis?
High calcium intake
Sedentary lifestyle
Weight-bearing exercise
Vitamin D supplementation
Explanation - Lack of physical activity leads to reduced bone strength and higher risk of osteoporosis.
Correct answer is: Sedentary lifestyle
Q.15 Which condition is an autoimmune disease affecting joints?
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Fracture
Tendinitis
Explanation - Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks joint tissues, causing inflammation and deformity.
Correct answer is: Rheumatoid arthritis
Q.16 Muscle atrophy refers to:
Increase in muscle size
Decrease in muscle size
Inflammation of muscle
Tearing of muscle fibers
Explanation - Muscle atrophy is the wasting or loss of muscle tissue due to disuse, disease, or malnutrition.
Correct answer is: Decrease in muscle size
Q.17 Which of the following is a common site for osteoarthritis?
Elbow
Knee
Shoulder
Wrist
Explanation - Osteoarthritis often affects weight-bearing joints such as the knees and hips due to cartilage wear.
Correct answer is: Knee
Q.18 Which laboratory marker is commonly elevated in rheumatoid arthritis?
C-reactive protein (CRP)
Hemoglobin
Calcium
Albumin
Explanation - CRP is an inflammatory marker often elevated in autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis.
Correct answer is: C-reactive protein (CRP)
Q.19 What is the main function of tendons?
Connect bone to bone
Connect muscle to bone
Produce synovial fluid
Store calcium
Explanation - Tendons are fibrous tissues that attach muscles to bones, allowing force transmission for movement.
Correct answer is: Connect muscle to bone
Q.20 A patient complains of pain along the lateral aspect of the elbow after repetitive activity. The likely diagnosis is:
Golfer's elbow
Tennis elbow
Bursitis
Fracture
Explanation - Tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis) results from repetitive stress on the extensor muscles of the forearm.
Correct answer is: Tennis elbow
Q.21 Which imaging modality is best for assessing soft tissue injuries?
X-ray
CT scan
MRI
DEXA scan
Explanation - MRI provides detailed images of soft tissues like muscles, tendons, and ligaments, making it ideal for soft tissue evaluation.
Correct answer is: MRI
Q.22 Kyphosis refers to an abnormal:
Lateral curvature of the spine
Forward curvature of the spine
Backward curvature of the spine
Twisting of the spine
Explanation - Kyphosis is an exaggerated forward rounding of the thoracic spine, often resulting in a hunchback appearance.
Correct answer is: Forward curvature of the spine
Q.23 Which of the following is a hallmark of osteomyelitis?
Bone infection
Joint degeneration
Muscle weakness
Tendon inflammation
Explanation - Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone, often caused by bacteria, leading to pain, fever, and swelling.
Correct answer is: Bone infection
Q.24 Which condition results from vitamin D deficiency in children?
Osteoporosis
Rickets
Osteoarthritis
Paget's disease
Explanation - Rickets is a childhood disease caused by vitamin D deficiency, leading to soft, weak bones and skeletal deformities.
Correct answer is: Rickets
Q.25 Which of the following interventions is crucial after a fracture to prevent complications?
Early mobilization and physical therapy
Bed rest for months
Avoid calcium intake
Limit protein intake
Explanation - Early mobilization and physiotherapy help restore function, prevent joint stiffness, and maintain muscle strength after a fracture.
Correct answer is: Early mobilization and physical therapy