Q.1 Which layer of the skin contains the majority of blood vessels and nerve endings?
Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis
Stratum corneum
Explanation - The dermis lies below the epidermis and contains blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and sweat glands.
Correct answer is: Dermis
Q.2 A patient presents with a red, itchy, and inflamed rash after contact with poison ivy. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Psoriasis
Contact dermatitis
Eczema
Impetigo
Explanation - Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin reaction triggered by allergens or irritants like poison ivy.
Correct answer is: Contact dermatitis
Q.3 Which type of burn involves damage to both the epidermis and dermis and often forms blisters?
First-degree burn
Second-degree burn
Third-degree burn
Fourth-degree burn
Explanation - Second-degree burns damage the epidermis and dermis, leading to pain, redness, and blister formation.
Correct answer is: Second-degree burn
Q.4 Which bacterial infection commonly causes honey-colored crusts on the skin of children?
Impetigo
Cellulitis
Folliculitis
Erysipelas
Explanation - Impetigo is a contagious bacterial infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes, presenting with crusted lesions.
Correct answer is: Impetigo
Q.5 Which skin disorder is characterized by silvery-white scales on red plaques, often on the elbows and knees?
Psoriasis
Eczema
Rosacea
Vitiligo
Explanation - Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin condition causing hyperproliferation of keratinocytes, leading to scaly plaques.
Correct answer is: Psoriasis
Q.6 What is the primary purpose of debridement in wound care?
To increase pain
To remove dead tissue
To reduce blood supply
To cause scarring
Explanation - Debridement removes necrotic tissue to promote healing and prevent infection.
Correct answer is: To remove dead tissue
Q.7 Which of the following is a common viral infection causing clusters of painful vesicles on the lips or genital area?
Herpes simplex
Warts
Chickenpox
Shingles
Explanation - Herpes simplex virus causes painful vesicular lesions, either orally (HSV-1) or genitally (HSV-2).
Correct answer is: Herpes simplex
Q.8 Which autoimmune skin disorder results in depigmented patches due to melanocyte destruction?
Vitiligo
Psoriasis
Alopecia areata
Lichen planus
Explanation - Vitiligo is an autoimmune condition where melanocytes are destroyed, causing depigmented areas on the skin.
Correct answer is: Vitiligo
Q.9 Which type of skin lesion is elevated, solid, and greater than 1 cm in diameter?
Papule
Nodule
Macule
Pustule
Explanation - Nodules are solid, raised lesions greater than 1 cm, often deeper than papules.
Correct answer is: Nodule
Q.10 Which skin condition is characterized by intense itching and dry, scaly patches, often associated with a family history of allergies?
Eczema
Psoriasis
Impetigo
Contact dermatitis
Explanation - Eczema (atopic dermatitis) causes chronic inflammatory skin changes, commonly associated with allergies and itching.
Correct answer is: Eczema
Q.11 Which fungal infection affects the scalp and may cause hair loss in children?
Tinea capitis
Candidiasis
Tinea pedis
Onychomycosis
Explanation - Tinea capitis is a dermatophyte infection of the scalp causing scaly patches and hair loss, common in children.
Correct answer is: Tinea capitis
Q.12 A patient presents with redness, warmth, swelling, and pain in the lower leg. Which bacterial skin infection is most likely?
Cellulitis
Impetigo
Erysipelas
Folliculitis
Explanation - Cellulitis is a bacterial infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, usually caused by Streptococcus or Staphylococcus species.
Correct answer is: Cellulitis
Q.13 Which skin cancer type is most likely to metastasize rapidly and is often linked to sun exposure?
Basal cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Melanoma
Actinic keratosis
Explanation - Melanoma arises from melanocytes and can metastasize quickly, making early detection critical.
Correct answer is: Melanoma
Q.14 Which vitamin deficiency can lead to delayed wound healing and fragile skin?
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Vitamin K
Explanation - Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis, and its deficiency (scurvy) leads to impaired wound healing and fragile skin.
Correct answer is: Vitamin C
Q.15 Which condition involves the autoimmune destruction of hair follicles, resulting in patchy hair loss?
Alopecia areata
Trichotillomania
Psoriasis
Folliculitis
Explanation - Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder causing non-scarring, patchy hair loss.
Correct answer is: Alopecia areata
Q.16 Which topical treatment is commonly used for mild to moderate psoriasis to reduce inflammation and scaling?
Corticosteroids
Antibiotics
Antifungals
Retinoids
Explanation - Topical corticosteroids reduce inflammation and hyperproliferation of skin cells in psoriasis.
Correct answer is: Corticosteroids
Q.17 Which skin lesion is flat, well-circumscribed, and less than 1 cm in diameter?
Macule
Papule
Nodule
Plaque
Explanation - Macules are flat, non-palpable lesions of less than 1 cm in size.
Correct answer is: Macule
Q.18 Which disorder is characterized by abnormal hair growth in women in a male-pattern distribution?
Hirsutism
Alopecia
Trichotillomania
Hypertrichosis
Explanation - Hirsutism involves excessive hair growth in androgen-sensitive areas in women, often linked to hormonal imbalance.
Correct answer is: Hirsutism
Q.19 Which type of wound healing occurs when edges of a clean wound are approximated and healing occurs with minimal scar formation?
Primary intention
Secondary intention
Tertiary intention
Delayed intention
Explanation - Primary intention healing occurs in surgical or clean cuts where wound edges are closed, leading to faster recovery and minimal scarring.
Correct answer is: Primary intention
Q.20 Which chronic skin condition causes redness, telangiectasia, and acne-like eruptions, mostly on the face?
Rosacea
Psoriasis
Eczema
Lupus erythematosus
Explanation - Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder causing facial redness, visible blood vessels, and papulopustular lesions.
Correct answer is: Rosacea
Q.21 Which parasitic infestation causes intense itching, especially at night, with burrows visible on the skin?
Scabies
Lice
Ringworm
Bedbugs
Explanation - Scabies is caused by Sarcoptes scabiei mites, which burrow under the skin, producing pruritus and characteristic lesions.
Correct answer is: Scabies
Q.22 Which chronic autoimmune disorder affects the skin and joints, often presenting with a butterfly rash on the face?
Lupus erythematosus
Psoriasis
Dermatomyositis
Scleroderma
Explanation - Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease causing multi-system involvement and characteristic facial rash.
Correct answer is: Lupus erythematosus
Q.23 Which skin condition is commonly caused by friction, moisture, or pressure and often occurs in bedridden patients?
Pressure ulcer
Cellulitis
Impetigo
Eczema
Explanation - Pressure ulcers are localized injuries to the skin and underlying tissue due to prolonged pressure, often in immobile patients.
Correct answer is: Pressure ulcer
Q.24 Which topical medication is considered first-line therapy for superficial fungal infections of the skin?
Antifungal cream
Corticosteroid cream
Antibiotic ointment
Retinoid gel
Explanation - Topical antifungal agents, such as clotrimazole or miconazole, are first-line treatments for superficial fungal infections.
Correct answer is: Antifungal cream
Q.25 Which type of skin graft involves harvesting the epidermis and partial dermis from a donor site?
Split-thickness graft
Full-thickness graft
Composite graft
Xenograft
Explanation - Split-thickness grafts include epidermis and part of the dermis, allowing coverage of larger areas with better donor site healing.
Correct answer is: Split-thickness graft