Q.1 What is the first step a nurse should take when approaching a patient who has collapsed?
Call for help immediately
Check for responsiveness
Start chest compressions
Administer oxygen
Explanation - Before taking any action, it is important to assess if the patient is responsive to determine the level of emergency and the next steps.
Correct answer is: Check for responsiveness
Q.2 Which of the following is the correct ratio of chest compressions to rescue breaths in adult CPR?
15:2
30:2
20:1
10:2
Explanation - For adult CPR, the recommended ratio is 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths.
Correct answer is: 30:2
Q.3 Which type of bleeding is characterized by bright red, spurting blood?
Capillary bleeding
Venous bleeding
Arterial bleeding
Internal bleeding
Explanation - Arterial bleeding is usually bright red and spurts in rhythm with the heartbeat, indicating a medical emergency.
Correct answer is: Arterial bleeding
Q.4 What is the recommended first action for a minor burn?
Apply ice directly
Immerse in cool running water
Apply butter
Cover with a dry cloth
Explanation - Cooling the burn with running water helps reduce tissue damage and relieves pain.
Correct answer is: Immerse in cool running water
Q.5 In the case of choking in a conscious adult, which maneuver is recommended?
Heimlich maneuver
Cardiac massage
Head tilt-chin lift
Jaw-thrust maneuver
Explanation - The Heimlich maneuver (abdominal thrusts) helps expel a foreign body from the airway in a conscious adult.
Correct answer is: Heimlich maneuver
Q.6 Which sign indicates hypoglycemia in an emergency situation?
Flushed skin and dry mouth
Sweating and confusion
Slow pulse and low blood pressure
Dilated pupils
Explanation - Hypoglycemia often presents with sweating, shakiness, irritability, and confusion, requiring immediate treatment with glucose.
Correct answer is: Sweating and confusion
Q.7 What is the recommended position for a patient experiencing shock?
Sitting upright
Supine with legs elevated
Prone position
Lying on the right side
Explanation - Elevating the legs improves venous return and supports circulation in a patient experiencing shock.
Correct answer is: Supine with legs elevated
Q.8 Which type of fracture is characterized by the bone breaking through the skin?
Closed fracture
Greenstick fracture
Compound fracture
Hairline fracture
Explanation - A compound (open) fracture occurs when the broken bone pierces the skin, increasing the risk of infection.
Correct answer is: Compound fracture
Q.9 When performing CPR on an infant, which technique is used for chest compressions?
Two fingers on the lower half of the sternum
Heel of one hand
Fist on the chest
Two thumbs encircling the chest
Explanation - For infants, two fingers are used to perform compressions on the lower half of the sternum to avoid injury.
Correct answer is: Two fingers on the lower half of the sternum
Q.10 What is the first step in managing an epistaxis (nosebleed)?
Tilt head backward
Pinch the soft part of the nose
Insert cotton swab into the nostril
Apply a warm compress
Explanation - Pinching the soft part of the nose and leaning slightly forward helps control bleeding and prevents blood from going down the throat.
Correct answer is: Pinch the soft part of the nose
Q.11 Which sign is an indicator of severe dehydration in children?
Moist mucous membranes
Sunken eyes and lethargy
Normal skin turgor
Regular urination
Explanation - Sunken eyes, lethargy, dry mouth, and decreased urine output are warning signs of severe dehydration requiring immediate intervention.
Correct answer is: Sunken eyes and lethargy
Q.12 In case of chemical eye injury, the nurse should:
Rinse the eye with plenty of water
Apply antibiotic ointment
Cover with a bandage
Use a cotton swab to remove the chemical
Explanation - Flushing the eye immediately with copious amounts of water helps remove the chemical and prevents further damage.
Correct answer is: Rinse the eye with plenty of water
Q.13 What is the purpose of the recovery position for an unconscious patient?
Facilitate breathing and prevent aspiration
Increase heart rate
Reduce fever
Control bleeding
Explanation - Placing a patient in the recovery position keeps the airway open and prevents choking on vomit or secretions.
Correct answer is: Facilitate breathing and prevent aspiration
Q.14 Which of the following is a sign of a heart attack?
Severe chest pain radiating to arm/jaw
Sudden headache
Frequent urination
Dry skin
Explanation - Classic symptoms of a heart attack include chest pain or pressure radiating to the arm, neck, or jaw, along with shortness of breath.
Correct answer is: Severe chest pain radiating to arm/jaw
Q.15 What is the immediate first aid for a bee sting without signs of allergy?
Remove stinger and wash the area
Apply ice directly on the stinger
Cut the skin around stinger
Ignore the sting
Explanation - The stinger should be removed carefully, and the area cleaned to prevent infection and reduce swelling.
Correct answer is: Remove stinger and wash the area
Q.16 Which of the following is the primary purpose of triage in an emergency?
Determine treatment priority based on severity
Provide immediate medication
Document patient history
Administer IV fluids
Explanation - Triage helps prioritize patients based on the severity of their condition to ensure those who need urgent care receive it first.
Correct answer is: Determine treatment priority based on severity
Q.17 Which symptom is most indicative of a stroke?
Sudden weakness on one side of the body
Gradual fever
Mild headache
Nausea only
Explanation - Sudden onset of facial droop, arm weakness, and speech difficulties are key signs of stroke, requiring immediate emergency care.
Correct answer is: Sudden weakness on one side of the body
Q.18 What is the recommended first aid for a suspected spinal injury?
Move the patient immediately
Immobilize the spine and call for help
Place the patient in a sitting position
Apply heat to the back
Explanation - Spinal injuries require immobilization to prevent further damage and immediate emergency assistance.
Correct answer is: Immobilize the spine and call for help
Q.19 Which of the following indicates internal bleeding?
Bluish lips, low blood pressure, rapid pulse
Minor scratch with bleeding
Nosebleed
Small cut on the hand
Explanation - Internal bleeding may not be visible externally but presents with shock signs such as pallor, hypotension, tachycardia, and cyanosis.
Correct answer is: Bluish lips, low blood pressure, rapid pulse
Q.20 In frostbite, what is the recommended first aid?
Rub the affected area vigorously
Immerse in warm water gradually
Apply ice packs
Expose to direct heat source
Explanation - Gradually warming the frostbitten area in warm water prevents tissue damage, whereas rubbing or direct heat can worsen injury.
Correct answer is: Immerse in warm water gradually
Q.21 Which is the priority intervention for a patient with anaphylaxis?
Administer epinephrine immediately
Give oral antihistamines
Apply ice to swelling
Monitor vital signs only
Explanation - Anaphylaxis is life-threatening, and epinephrine should be administered promptly to prevent airway compromise and cardiovascular collapse.
Correct answer is: Administer epinephrine immediately
Q.22 Which action should a nurse take for a patient with a nosebleed and high blood pressure?
Pinch the nose and lean forward
Tilt head backward and apply pressure
Lie flat on the back
Insert gauze deep into the nostril
Explanation - Leaning forward and pinching the soft part of the nose helps control bleeding and prevents blood from entering the airway or stomach.
Correct answer is: Pinch the nose and lean forward
Q.23 What is the recommended first aid for a seizure lasting more than 5 minutes?
Call emergency services immediately
Hold the patient down
Insert a spoon in the mouth
Give water to drink
Explanation - Seizures longer than 5 minutes constitute status epilepticus and require immediate medical intervention.
Correct answer is: Call emergency services immediately
Q.24 Which is the proper first aid for a suspected poisoning by ingestion?
Call poison control and follow instructions
Induce vomiting immediately
Give milk or water indiscriminately
Apply a tourniquet
Explanation - Professional guidance is required in poisoning cases; inducing vomiting or giving fluids without instructions may worsen the condition.
Correct answer is: Call poison control and follow instructions