Q.1 Which of the following is the first principle of Primary Health Care (PHC)?
Equity in health
Advanced technology use
Hospital-based care
Specialist-focused services
Explanation - Equity is the foundation of PHC, ensuring equal access to essential health services for all.
Correct answer is: Equity in health
Q.2 Which organization introduced the concept of Primary Health Care in 1978?
UNICEF
WHO
World Bank
ILO
Explanation - The World Health Organization (WHO), through the Alma-Ata Declaration, introduced PHC in 1978.
Correct answer is: WHO
Q.3 The Alma-Ata Declaration emphasized which slogan?
Health for All by 2000
Universal Health Coverage
Right to Medicine
One Health One World
Explanation - The Alma-Ata Declaration of 1978 introduced 'Health for All by the year 2000' as a global goal.
Correct answer is: Health for All by 2000
Q.4 Which is NOT a key element of PHC?
Health education
Essential drugs
Specialized surgeries
Maternal and child health care
Explanation - PHC focuses on preventive, promotive, and basic curative services, not specialized surgical interventions.
Correct answer is: Specialized surgeries
Q.5 Which service is included in essential Primary Health Care?
Dental implants
Health education
Plastic surgery
Organ transplantation
Explanation - Health education is one of the cornerstones of PHC services for prevention and awareness.
Correct answer is: Health education
Q.6 Primary Health Care is best described as:
First contact care
Exclusive hospital care
High-technology care
Specialized tertiary care
Explanation - PHC provides the first level of contact individuals and communities have with the health system.
Correct answer is: First contact care
Q.7 Which of the following is a principle of PHC?
Community participation
Profit generation
Curative care only
Urban-based care
Explanation - Community participation ensures local involvement and sustainability of PHC services.
Correct answer is: Community participation
Q.8 In India, Primary Health Centres are established to cover a population of approximately:
10,000
30,000
50,000
100,000
Explanation - Each Primary Health Centre in India is meant to cover around 30,000 population in plain areas.
Correct answer is: 30,000
Q.9 Which of these is NOT part of PHC in India?
Immunization
Sanitation
Mental health promotion
Cardiac bypass surgery
Explanation - High-end specialized surgeries are not part of PHC, which focuses on preventive and basic curative care.
Correct answer is: Cardiac bypass surgery
Q.10 Which level of prevention does immunization fall under?
Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary prevention
Quaternary prevention
Explanation - Immunization prevents the onset of disease, making it a primary prevention measure.
Correct answer is: Primary prevention
Q.11 Which professional is mainly responsible for delivering PHC at the village level in India?
Specialist doctor
Community health worker
Surgeon
Pathologist
Explanation - Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) and community health workers form the backbone of PHC delivery in villages.
Correct answer is: Community health worker
Q.12 Primary Health Care focuses mainly on:
Prevention and promotion
Tertiary hospital care
Medical tourism
High-cost care
Explanation - PHC is centered on preventive and promotive health, rather than curative or high-cost care.
Correct answer is: Prevention and promotion
Q.13 Essential drugs in PHC should be:
Expensive and branded
Cheap, safe, and effective
Imported only
Specialist prescribed only
Explanation - Essential drugs for PHC must be affordable, safe, and effective to meet community needs.
Correct answer is: Cheap, safe, and effective
Q.14 Which sector is expected to work along with health in PHC?
Education sector
Transport sector
Agriculture sector
All of the above
Explanation - PHC encourages intersectoral collaboration, including education, transport, and agriculture.
Correct answer is: All of the above
Q.15 What is the major goal of PHC?
Provide costly treatments
Ensure health equity
Focus on urban hospitals
Specialist dominance
Explanation - The main goal of PHC is to provide accessible, equitable health care for all communities.
Correct answer is: Ensure health equity
Q.16 Which of the following describes 'Universal Coverage' under PHC?
Health for rich people
Health services for all without financial hardship
Insurance for hospital care only
Services limited to cities
Explanation - Universal Coverage ensures that everyone can access health services without suffering financial burdens.
Correct answer is: Health services for all without financial hardship
Q.17 Which of the following is a preventive service in PHC?
Vaccination
Kidney transplant
Chemotherapy
Plastic surgery
Explanation - Vaccination prevents diseases and is a core preventive service of PHC.
Correct answer is: Vaccination
Q.18 Community participation in PHC means:
Passive acceptance of services
Community decision-making and involvement
Only medical staff deciding
Government alone running services
Explanation - PHC encourages active involvement of the community in planning and implementation of health programs.
Correct answer is: Community decision-making and involvement
Q.19 Which of the following is an indicator of PHC success?
Increased hospital admissions
Reduced infant mortality rate
Rise in surgery rates
Increase in medicine sales
Explanation - Improved child health and reduced infant mortality are important indicators of PHC effectiveness.
Correct answer is: Reduced infant mortality rate
Q.20 The village-level female health worker in India is known as:
ASHA
ANM
GNM
MPHW
Explanation - Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) is the female health worker responsible for promoting PHC at village level.
Correct answer is: ASHA
Q.21 Which of these is NOT a principle of PHC?
Appropriate technology
Health promotion
Community participation
Hospital monopoly
Explanation - PHC discourages reliance only on hospitals, emphasizing community-based services.
Correct answer is: Hospital monopoly
Q.22 Which type of prevention is early detection of hypertension in PHC?
Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary prevention
Quaternary prevention
Explanation - Early detection and treatment of diseases like hypertension is secondary prevention.
Correct answer is: Secondary prevention
Q.23 The first contact of the community with PHC services is usually:
Sub-centre
District hospital
Medical college
Specialty hospital
Explanation - Sub-centres are the first point of contact for PHC services in rural areas.
Correct answer is: Sub-centre
Q.24 Primary Health Care was declared as a human right in:
Alma-Ata, 1978
Geneva, 1985
New York, 1965
Delhi, 1990
Explanation - The Alma-Ata Declaration, 1978, emphasized PHC as a fundamental human right.
Correct answer is: Alma-Ata, 1978
Q.25 What is the role of health education in PHC?
Awareness and behavior change
Conducting surgeries
Developing medicines
Insurance coverage
Explanation - Health education in PHC empowers individuals to adopt healthy behaviors and make informed choices.
Correct answer is: Awareness and behavior change