Q.1 Which vaccine is primarily given to prevent tuberculosis?
BCG
MMR
Polio
Hepatitis B
Explanation - BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) vaccine is administered to prevent tuberculosis, especially severe forms in children.
Correct answer is: BCG
Q.2 At what age is the first dose of DPT vaccine usually given?
At birth
6 weeks
6 months
1 year
Explanation - The DPT (Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus) vaccine is typically started at 6 weeks of age according to the immunization schedule.
Correct answer is: 6 weeks
Q.3 Which vaccine is administered orally to prevent polio?
IPV
OPV
MMR
Hepatitis B
Explanation - OPV (Oral Polio Vaccine) is given orally to provide immunity against poliomyelitis.
Correct answer is: OPV
Q.4 Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for which of the following?
Newborns
Teenagers only
Adults only
Elderly only
Explanation - Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for all newborns to prevent early-life infection and chronic hepatitis.
Correct answer is: Newborns
Q.5 Which of the following vaccines is a live attenuated vaccine?
BCG
OPV
MMR
Hepatitis B
Explanation - MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) vaccine contains live attenuated viruses, which stimulate immunity without causing disease.
Correct answer is: MMR
Q.6 What is the main purpose of booster doses in vaccination?
To treat infections
To enhance immunity
To diagnose disease
To replace initial vaccines
Explanation - Booster doses are given to increase or prolong the immune response after the initial vaccination series.
Correct answer is: To enhance immunity
Q.7 Which vaccine is given to prevent cervical cancer?
Hepatitis B
HPV
MMR
BCG
Explanation - HPV (Human Papillomavirus) vaccine protects against the types of HPV that cause most cervical cancers.
Correct answer is: HPV
Q.8 Which preventive service is recommended to detect high blood pressure early?
Vaccination
Blood pressure screening
Pap smear
Dental check-up
Explanation - Regular blood pressure measurement helps in early detection and prevention of hypertension-related complications.
Correct answer is: Blood pressure screening
Q.9 Which vitamin is given as a preventive measure to avoid rickets in children?
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Vitamin K
Explanation - Vitamin D supplementation helps prevent rickets, which causes weak bones in growing children.
Correct answer is: Vitamin D
Q.10 What is the recommended route of administration for BCG vaccine?
Oral
Intramuscular
Subcutaneous
Intradermal
Explanation - BCG vaccine is administered intradermally, usually on the upper arm, to produce a local immune response.
Correct answer is: Intradermal
Q.11 Which vaccine protects against both tetanus and diphtheria?
DPT
MMR
Polio
Hepatitis B
Explanation - DPT vaccine includes protection against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus in a single shot.
Correct answer is: DPT
Q.12 Which disease is primarily prevented by the Hib vaccine?
Influenza
Haemophilus influenzae type b infections
Hepatitis B
Measles
Explanation - Hib vaccine prevents infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b, including meningitis and pneumonia in children.
Correct answer is: Haemophilus influenzae type b infections
Q.13 The 'cold chain' in immunization refers to:
Maintaining vaccines at recommended temperatures
Keeping vaccines in sunlight
Administering vaccines orally
Storing vaccines at room temperature
Explanation - The cold chain ensures vaccines are stored and transported at the correct temperature to maintain potency.
Correct answer is: Maintaining vaccines at recommended temperatures
Q.14 Which vaccine series is recommended to prevent measles?
DPT
MMR
Hepatitis B
OPV
Explanation - MMR vaccine protects against measles, mumps, and rubella, and is given in multiple doses for effective immunity.
Correct answer is: MMR
Q.15 What type of immunity is provided by vaccines?
Active immunity
Passive immunity
Innate immunity
Temporary immunity only
Explanation - Vaccines stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies and memory cells, providing active and long-lasting immunity.
Correct answer is: Active immunity
Q.16 Which preventive service is crucial for early detection of cervical cancer in women?
Pap smear
Mammogram
Blood sugar test
Blood pressure check
Explanation - Pap smear screening identifies precancerous changes in cervical cells, enabling early intervention.
Correct answer is: Pap smear
Q.17 Which vaccine is contraindicated in immunocompromised children?
BCG
Inactivated polio vaccine
Hepatitis B
Tdap
Explanation - BCG is a live attenuated vaccine and is generally contraindicated in children with severely weakened immune systems.
Correct answer is: BCG
Q.18 Vitamin A supplementation in children primarily helps to prevent:
Night blindness
Scurvy
Rickets
Goiter
Explanation - Vitamin A is essential for vision, and supplementation prevents night blindness and supports immune function.
Correct answer is: Night blindness
Q.19 Which of the following vaccines is recommended for healthcare workers to prevent Hepatitis B infection?
MMR
BCG
Hepatitis B vaccine
OPV
Explanation - Healthcare workers are at higher risk of Hepatitis B exposure and should receive the complete Hepatitis B vaccination series.
Correct answer is: Hepatitis B vaccine
Q.20 Which preventive service helps detect early diabetes in adults?
Blood glucose testing
Mammogram
Pap smear
Vaccination
Explanation - Regular blood glucose screening identifies prediabetes and diabetes early, enabling timely lifestyle or medical interventions.
Correct answer is: Blood glucose testing
Q.21 Which vaccine prevents infection by Neisseria meningitidis?
MMR
Meningococcal vaccine
Hepatitis B
BCG
Explanation - The meningococcal vaccine protects against meningococcal meningitis and septicemia caused by Neisseria meningitidis.
Correct answer is: Meningococcal vaccine
Q.22 Which vaccine is typically given in a birth dose?
Hepatitis B
DPT
MMR
Varicella
Explanation - The first dose of Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended at birth to protect against perinatal transmission.
Correct answer is: Hepatitis B
Q.23 Which preventive measure is key in controlling influenza outbreaks?
Annual flu vaccination
Vitamin C supplementation
Daily exercise
Cold water bathing
Explanation - Annual influenza vaccination helps prevent infection and reduce severity during flu seasons.
Correct answer is: Annual flu vaccination
Q.24 Which preventive service is recommended for early detection of breast cancer?
Mammography
Pap smear
Colonoscopy
Blood pressure check
Explanation - Mammography screening can detect early breast cancer before symptoms develop, improving treatment outcomes.
Correct answer is: Mammography
Q.25 Which vaccine is used to prevent whooping cough?
DPT
MMR
Hepatitis B
OPV
Explanation - Pertussis (whooping cough) is prevented by the DPT vaccine, which also protects against diphtheria and tetanus.
Correct answer is: DPT