Q.1 Which nutrient is the primary source of energy in a balanced diet?
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Fats
Vitamins
Explanation - Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of energy, especially for brain function and physical activity.
Correct answer is: Carbohydrates
Q.2 Which vitamin is essential for the prevention of rickets in children?
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin C
Vitamin K
Explanation - Vitamin D helps in calcium absorption and bone mineralization, preventing rickets in children.
Correct answer is: Vitamin D
Q.3 Iron deficiency in diet most commonly leads to which condition?
Scurvy
Anemia
Rickets
Goiter
Explanation - Lack of iron reduces hemoglobin production, causing iron-deficiency anemia.
Correct answer is: Anemia
Q.4 Which of the following is considered a complete protein source?
Wheat
Rice
Eggs
Corn
Explanation - Eggs contain all essential amino acids, making them a complete protein source.
Correct answer is: Eggs
Q.5 Goiter is caused by the deficiency of which nutrient?
Iron
Iodine
Zinc
Calcium
Explanation - Iodine deficiency leads to thyroid gland enlargement, causing goiter.
Correct answer is: Iodine
Q.6 Which food group is rich in dietary fiber?
Fruits and vegetables
Meat and fish
Dairy products
Oils and fats
Explanation - Fruits and vegetables are rich in fiber, which supports digestion and bowel health.
Correct answer is: Fruits and vegetables
Q.7 Which vitamin is necessary for good vision and healthy skin?
Vitamin A
Vitamin B12
Vitamin C
Vitamin E
Explanation - Vitamin A maintains healthy eyes, skin, and immune function.
Correct answer is: Vitamin A
Q.8 Which mineral is most important for preventing osteoporosis?
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Potassium
Explanation - Calcium strengthens bones and teeth, preventing osteoporosis in adults.
Correct answer is: Calcium
Q.9 What is the main nutritional function of fats in the diet?
Build muscles
Provide quick energy
Insulate and store energy
Regulate hormones only
Explanation - Fats provide long-term energy storage and insulation for the body.
Correct answer is: Insulate and store energy
Q.10 Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting?
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin K
Vitamin E
Explanation - Vitamin K plays a key role in the synthesis of clotting factors.
Correct answer is: Vitamin K
Q.11 Beriberi is caused by a deficiency of which vitamin?
Vitamin B1
Vitamin B12
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Explanation - Thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency leads to beriberi, affecting the nervous and cardiovascular system.
Correct answer is: Vitamin B1
Q.12 Which nutrient is responsible for building and repairing body tissues?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
Vitamins
Explanation - Proteins are essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues.
Correct answer is: Proteins
Q.13 What is the main cause of night blindness?
Vitamin D deficiency
Vitamin A deficiency
Vitamin C deficiency
Iodine deficiency
Explanation - Vitamin A is vital for retinal health; its deficiency causes night blindness.
Correct answer is: Vitamin A deficiency
Q.14 Which macronutrient should provide the largest portion of daily calories?
Proteins
Fats
Carbohydrates
Vitamins
Explanation - Carbohydrates should provide about 50-60% of daily calorie intake.
Correct answer is: Carbohydrates
Q.15 Which vitamin deficiency causes scurvy?
Vitamin B1
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Explanation - Vitamin C deficiency results in scurvy, leading to bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
Correct answer is: Vitamin C
Q.16 The main function of dietary fiber is to:
Provide energy
Aid digestion
Increase protein absorption
Supply vitamins
Explanation - Fiber regulates bowel movements and prevents constipation.
Correct answer is: Aid digestion
Q.17 Pellagra is caused by the deficiency of:
Niacin
Riboflavin
Folic acid
Vitamin B12
Explanation - Niacin (Vitamin B3) deficiency leads to pellagra, presenting with dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia.
Correct answer is: Niacin
Q.18 Which food is the richest natural source of Vitamin C?
Apple
Guava
Banana
Mango
Explanation - Guava contains more Vitamin C than most fruits, supporting immunity and skin health.
Correct answer is: Guava
Q.19 Which mineral is crucial for oxygen transport in the blood?
Iron
Calcium
Zinc
Magnesium
Explanation - Iron forms part of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in red blood cells.
Correct answer is: Iron
Q.20 Which food group is the main source of Vitamin B12?
Vegetables
Dairy and animal products
Cereals
Fruits
Explanation - Vitamin B12 is found mainly in animal-based foods such as milk, eggs, and meat.
Correct answer is: Dairy and animal products
Q.21 Kwashiorkor is primarily caused by deficiency of:
Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
Vitamins
Explanation - Kwashiorkor occurs in children due to severe protein deficiency, causing edema and growth failure.
Correct answer is: Proteins
Q.22 Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin on exposure to sunlight?
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin C
Vitamin E
Explanation - Sunlight helps the skin synthesize Vitamin D, essential for bone health.
Correct answer is: Vitamin D
Q.23 Zinc deficiency commonly leads to:
Loss of taste
Bone deformity
Poor vision
Goiter
Explanation - Zinc deficiency impairs taste perception and wound healing.
Correct answer is: Loss of taste
Q.24 The process of adding micronutrients to food to prevent deficiency is called:
Preservation
Fortification
Pasteurization
Irradiation
Explanation - Food fortification enriches foods with vitamins/minerals to prevent deficiencies in populations.
Correct answer is: Fortification
Q.25 Which vitamin is an antioxidant that protects cells from damage?
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Explanation - Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative stress.
Correct answer is: Vitamin E