Q.1 What is the primary purpose of administrative procedure?
To regulate criminal trials
To guide the functioning of government agencies
To control private contracts
To establish international treaties
Explanation - Administrative procedure provides the framework for how government agencies operate and make decisions.
Correct answer is: To guide the functioning of government agencies
Q.2 Which principle requires that individuals must be given notice before adverse administrative action?
Rule of Law
Natural Justice
Due Process
Judicial Review
Explanation - Due process ensures that individuals receive fair notice and opportunity to respond before action is taken against them.
Correct answer is: Due Process
Q.3 Administrative agencies are primarily part of which branch of government?
Executive
Legislative
Judicial
Federal
Explanation - Agencies are part of the executive branch, though they often have quasi-legislative and quasi-judicial powers.
Correct answer is: Executive
Q.4 What does 'judicial review' of administrative actions mean?
Courts can enforce international law
Courts can review agency decisions for legality
Courts can make agency rules
Courts can appoint agency officials
Explanation - Judicial review ensures agency actions comply with law and constitutional requirements.
Correct answer is: Courts can review agency decisions for legality
Q.5 Which principle ensures that no one can be a judge in their own case?
Audi Alteram Partem
Nemo Judex in Causa Sua
Res Judicata
Stare Decisis
Explanation - This principle of natural justice ensures impartiality in administrative decision-making.
Correct answer is: Nemo Judex in Causa Sua
Q.6 What is the function of administrative hearings?
To punish crimes
To resolve disputes involving agencies
To approve laws
To amend constitutions
Explanation - Hearings provide a forum for resolving issues between individuals and administrative agencies.
Correct answer is: To resolve disputes involving agencies
Q.7 Which U.S. law governs federal administrative procedures?
Civil Rights Act
Administrative Procedure Act
Freedom of Information Act
Judiciary Act
Explanation - The Administrative Procedure Act (APA) provides rules for agency processes and judicial review.
Correct answer is: Administrative Procedure Act
Q.8 What does the principle of 'audi alteram partem' mean?
Right to property
Right to be heard
Right to privacy
Right to vote
Explanation - Audi alteram partem ensures that parties affected by a decision are given an opportunity to present their case.
Correct answer is: Right to be heard
Q.9 Why are administrative rules and regulations created?
To explain and implement statutes
To replace the constitution
To decide criminal cases
To regulate foreign policy
Explanation - Agencies create rules to clarify and enforce legislative mandates.
Correct answer is: To explain and implement statutes
Q.10 What is the main difference between administrative adjudication and judicial trial?
Adjudication is faster and less formal
Judicial trials involve no witnesses
Adjudication requires juries
Judicial trials have no appeals
Explanation - Administrative adjudication provides a quicker and less formal process compared to courts.
Correct answer is: Adjudication is faster and less formal
Q.11 Which type of administrative rule requires public participation before adoption?
Substantive rule
Procedural rule
Interpretative rule
Ad hoc rule
Explanation - Substantive rules generally require notice and public comment before becoming binding.
Correct answer is: Substantive rule
Q.12 Who usually conducts administrative hearings?
Judges
Administrative Law Judges
Attorneys General
Legislators
Explanation - Administrative Law Judges preside over hearings and ensure fair proceedings.
Correct answer is: Administrative Law Judges
Q.13 Why is transparency important in administrative procedure?
It allows agencies to make secret decisions
It builds public trust and accountability
It reduces paperwork
It avoids judicial review
Explanation - Transparency ensures fairness, reduces corruption, and increases legitimacy of decisions.
Correct answer is: It builds public trust and accountability
Q.14 Which document provides the rationale for an administrative decision?
Ordinance
Regulation
Order
Opinion
Explanation - Opinions explain the reasoning behind administrative orders and decisions.
Correct answer is: Opinion
Q.15 Which right protects citizens from arbitrary administrative actions?
Right to equality
Right to education
Right to vote
Right to speedy trial
Explanation - Equality before law ensures administrative authorities act fairly and without discrimination.
Correct answer is: Right to equality
Q.16 Which principle requires agencies to act within the powers granted by law?
Delegated Legislation
Ultra Vires
Natural Justice
Rule of Precedent
Explanation - The doctrine of ultra vires prevents agencies from acting beyond their legal authority.
Correct answer is: Ultra Vires
Q.17 Which is an example of discretionary power in administration?
Issuing a driving license
Granting parole
Paying taxes
Holding elections
Explanation - Discretionary power allows officials to make judgments in certain cases, such as parole decisions.
Correct answer is: Granting parole
Q.18 What role do administrative tribunals play?
They create new laws
They resolve specialized disputes
They enforce criminal penalties
They conduct elections
Explanation - Administrative tribunals focus on specialized areas like tax or labor disputes.
Correct answer is: They resolve specialized disputes
Q.19 What is the importance of rule-making in administrative law?
It eliminates judicial power
It ensures agency accountability
It empowers agencies to enforce statutes
It makes elections unnecessary
Explanation - Rule-making helps agencies implement and enforce legislative directives.
Correct answer is: It empowers agencies to enforce statutes
Q.20 Which process allows the public to request access to government documents?
Judicial Review
Ombudsman Process
Freedom of Information
Rule of Law
Explanation - Freedom of Information laws allow citizens to access government-held records to ensure transparency.
Correct answer is: Freedom of Information
Q.21 What is 'delegated legislation'?
Laws made by the judiciary
Laws made by administrative agencies under authority from legislature
Laws made by citizens
Laws made by international bodies
Explanation - Delegated legislation allows agencies to fill in details under broad statutory frameworks.
Correct answer is: Laws made by administrative agencies under authority from legislature
Q.22 Which remedy is available against unfair administrative action?
Habeas Corpus
Mandamus
Certiorari
All of the above
Explanation - Judicial remedies like habeas corpus, mandamus, and certiorari can challenge unlawful administrative actions.
Correct answer is: All of the above
Q.23 Why do agencies use informal rulemaking?
It is faster and involves public input
It avoids judicial review
It eliminates due process
It prevents transparency
Explanation - Informal rulemaking, also known as notice-and-comment, balances efficiency and participation.
Correct answer is: It is faster and involves public input
Q.24 Which body often oversees administrative agencies in parliamentary systems?
Courts
Parliamentary Committees
Citizens’ Assemblies
International Courts
Explanation - Committees ensure agencies act responsibly and within their mandate.
Correct answer is: Parliamentary Committees
Q.25 Why is fairness central to administrative procedures?
It helps increase government revenue
It protects citizens’ rights
It allows agencies unlimited powers
It avoids elections
Explanation - Fairness prevents arbitrary exercise of power and safeguards individual rights.
Correct answer is: It protects citizens’ rights