Q.1 Which of the following laws primarily addresses workplace harassment against women in India?
The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013
The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012
The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961
The Equal Remuneration Act, 1976
Explanation - This Act specifically aims to prevent and address sexual harassment of women at the workplace and provides a mechanism for redressal.
Correct answer is: The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013
Q.2 Which international instrument is fundamental for promoting gender equality globally?
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)
Geneva Conventions
Kyoto Protocol
Explanation - CEDAW is an international treaty adopted in 1979 to promote women's rights and gender equality worldwide.
Correct answer is: Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)
Q.3 In the context of gender studies, 'intersectionality' refers to:
The study of family structures
The overlapping effects of race, gender, and class on discrimination
A type of legal procedure
Gender roles in ancient societies
Explanation - Intersectionality is a concept that examines how different social identities intersect to create unique modes of discrimination and privilege.
Correct answer is: The overlapping effects of race, gender, and class on discrimination
Q.4 The Indian Penal Code (IPC) section that deals with 'rape' is:
Section 375
Section 302
Section 498A
Section 354
Explanation - Section 375 of the IPC defines the offense of rape and the circumstances under which sexual assault is legally recognized.
Correct answer is: Section 375
Q.5 Which Indian legislation focuses on the prohibition of child marriage?
The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006
The Hindu Succession Act, 1956
The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961
The Juvenile Justice Act, 2015
Explanation - This Act seeks to prevent child marriages and protect the rights of children, especially girls, against early marriage.
Correct answer is: The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006
Q.6 Which constitutional article in India guarantees equality before the law and prohibits discrimination based on gender?
Article 14
Article 21
Article 19
Article 32
Explanation - Article 14 ensures equality before law and equal protection of laws, forming the basis for gender equality in India.
Correct answer is: Article 14
Q.7 The term 'gender mainstreaming' in law refers to:
Creating laws exclusively for men
Integrating gender perspectives into policy and legislation
Providing separate legal systems for men and women
Focusing only on women's issues
Explanation - Gender mainstreaming involves considering gender equality issues in all stages of policy-making and legal frameworks.
Correct answer is: Integrating gender perspectives into policy and legislation
Q.8 Which of the following is a landmark Supreme Court judgment in India addressing sexual harassment at the workplace?
Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan (1997)
Shah Bano case (1985)
Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978)
Kesavananda Bharati case (1973)
Explanation - The Vishaka guidelines laid down legal procedures for addressing sexual harassment at the workplace until the formal legislation came into force in 2013.
Correct answer is: Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan (1997)
Q.9 Which law protects women from domestic violence in India?
Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005
Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961
Child Marriage Prohibition Act, 2006
Maternity Benefit Act, 1961
Explanation - This Act provides protection and remedies for women facing physical, emotional, or economic abuse within the domestic setting.
Correct answer is: Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005
Q.10 The principle of 'equal pay for equal work' is covered under which legislation in India?
Equal Remuneration Act, 1976
Payment of Wages Act, 1936
Minimum Wages Act, 1948
Factories Act, 1948
Explanation - This Act ensures that men and women are paid equally for performing the same work or work of similar nature.
Correct answer is: Equal Remuneration Act, 1976
Q.11 The concept of 'toxic masculinity' in gender studies refers to:
A medical condition in men
Cultural norms that pressure men into harmful behavior
The legal protection of men
An economic theory
Explanation - Toxic masculinity describes social expectations that encourage aggression, emotional suppression, and dominance in men, often harming both genders.
Correct answer is: Cultural norms that pressure men into harmful behavior
Q.12 Which Act in India allows women to seek maintenance from their husbands or relatives?
Section 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC)
Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961
Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
Domestic Violence Act, 2005
Explanation - Section 125 CrPC provides a legal framework for women (and children) to claim maintenance from their spouse or parents if they are unable to maintain themselves.
Correct answer is: Section 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC)
Q.13 Which international day is observed to highlight gender equality and women's rights?
International Women's Day – March 8
World Human Rights Day – December 10
International Youth Day – August 12
World Health Day – April 7
Explanation - International Women's Day is celebrated globally to advocate for women's rights, gender equality, and recognition of women's achievements.
Correct answer is: International Women's Day – March 8
Q.14 In legal terms, 'gender discrimination' is best described as:
Differentiation based on age
Unfair treatment based on gender
Cultural differences between regions
Economic inequality among citizens
Explanation - Gender discrimination refers to any unequal treatment, denial of rights, or prejudice against an individual based on their gender.
Correct answer is: Unfair treatment based on gender
Q.15 The Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005, impacted gender equality by:
Granting daughters equal inheritance rights as sons
Prohibiting dowry
Banning child marriage
Criminalizing domestic violence
Explanation - This amendment allowed daughters to inherit ancestral property equally with sons, promoting gender equality in property rights.
Correct answer is: Granting daughters equal inheritance rights as sons
Q.16 Which of the following is an example of a gender-neutral law?
Law against human trafficking
Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act
Maternity Benefit Act
Dowry Prohibition Act
Explanation - Gender-neutral laws apply equally to all individuals regardless of gender, like laws against human trafficking.
Correct answer is: Law against human trafficking
Q.17 Which article of the Indian Constitution empowers the State to make special provisions for women and children?
Article 15(3)
Article 21
Article 19(1)(g)
Article 32
Explanation - Article 15(3) allows the State to make special provisions for the advancement of women and children without violating equality principles.
Correct answer is: Article 15(3)
Q.18 Which law ensures women's right to maternity leave in India?
Maternity Benefit Act, 1961
Equal Remuneration Act, 1976
Child Labour Act, 1986
Factories Act, 1948
Explanation - The Maternity Benefit Act provides working women with paid leave during pregnancy and after childbirth.
Correct answer is: Maternity Benefit Act, 1961
Q.19 What is the legal age of marriage for women in India?
18 years
16 years
21 years
20 years
Explanation - The legal minimum age for marriage for women under the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act is 18 years.
Correct answer is: 18 years
Q.20 The term 'patriarchy' refers to:
A legal system favoring women
A social system where men hold primary power
Equal distribution of power between genders
A system of inheritance laws
Explanation - Patriarchy is a societal structure where men dominate in roles of political leadership, moral authority, and property control.
Correct answer is: A social system where men hold primary power
Q.21 Which Act criminalizes dowry demands in India?
Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961
Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
Indian Penal Code Section 375
Domestic Violence Act, 2005
Explanation - This Act makes giving, taking, or demanding dowry illegal and punishable under law.
Correct answer is: Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961
Q.22 Which of the following is a key goal of gender-sensitive legislation?
To create laws only for women
To ensure laws recognize and address gender inequalities
To maintain traditional gender roles
To regulate family disputes only
Explanation - Gender-sensitive legislation is designed to reduce inequalities and ensure fairness in legal processes for all genders.
Correct answer is: To ensure laws recognize and address gender inequalities
Q.23 Which landmark Indian Supreme Court case recognized marital rape as an exception to certain protections under IPC?
Independent Thought v. Union of India (2017)
Shah Bano Case (1985)
Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan (1997)
Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India (2018)
Explanation - This case dealt with sexual abuse of minors within marriage, expanding protections for girls under age 18.
Correct answer is: Independent Thought v. Union of India (2017)
Q.24 Which term refers to laws or policies intended to compensate for historical gender disadvantages?
Affirmative action
Gender neutral law
Criminal law
Civil law
Explanation - Affirmative action includes measures like reservations, quotas, or policies to promote equality and address past discrimination.
Correct answer is: Affirmative action
Q.25 Which Indian law criminalizes sexual assault and outraging the modesty of women?
IPC Section 354
IPC Section 302
IPC Section 498A
IPC Section 375
Explanation - Section 354 of the IPC punishes assault or criminal force to a woman with intent to outrage her modesty.
Correct answer is: IPC Section 354