Q.1 What is the primary source of Islamic law?
The Bible
The Torah
The Quran
The Vedas
Explanation - Islamic law, also known as Sharia, is primarily derived from the Quran, which is considered the literal word of God in Islam.
Correct answer is: The Quran
Q.2 Which religious legal system is traditionally practiced in Jewish communities?
Sharia
Halakha
Canon Law
Dharma
Explanation - Halakha is the collective body of Jewish religious laws derived from the Written and Oral Torah.
Correct answer is: Halakha
Q.3 Canon Law is associated with which religion?
Christianity
Islam
Hinduism
Judaism
Explanation - Canon Law refers to the set of ordinances and regulations made by ecclesiastical authority in the Christian Church.
Correct answer is: Christianity
Q.4 Which of the following is NOT a feature of religious legal systems?
Based on divine authority
Often immutable and traditional
Always secular in nature
Involves moral and ethical guidelines
Explanation - Religious legal systems are based on divine authority and are inherently non-secular.
Correct answer is: Always secular in nature
Q.5 In Islamic law, what is 'Hadith'?
A holy city
Sayings and practices of Prophet Muhammad
A sacred book
A type of court
Explanation - Hadith are the recorded sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad, which guide Islamic jurisprudence alongside the Quran.
Correct answer is: Sayings and practices of Prophet Muhammad
Q.6 Which Hindu text is often considered a source of religious law?
Bhagavad Gita
Manusmriti
Quran
Talmud
Explanation - Manusmriti, also known as the Laws of Manu, is an ancient legal text that outlines dharma and social conduct in Hindu society.
Correct answer is: Manusmriti
Q.7 Which of the following best describes the Sharia principle of 'Qisas'?
Inheritance rules
Retribution in kind
Religious fasting
Marriage contract
Explanation - Qisas is a principle of retribution in Islamic criminal law, allowing for equal retaliation in cases like murder or bodily harm.
Correct answer is: Retribution in kind
Q.8 The Talmud is primarily associated with which legal system?
Islamic law
Jewish law
Christian canon law
Hindu law
Explanation - The Talmud is a central text of Rabbinic Judaism, containing interpretations and discussions of Halakha (Jewish law).
Correct answer is: Jewish law
Q.9 Which legal system often uses religious courts to resolve disputes?
Civil Law
Common Law
Religious Law
International Law
Explanation - Religious law systems often operate through religious courts, such as Sharia courts or ecclesiastical courts, to settle matters of faith and morality.
Correct answer is: Religious Law
Q.10 Which religion’s law includes the concept of 'Dharma' as a guiding principle?
Christianity
Islam
Hinduism
Judaism
Explanation - In Hinduism, Dharma refers to duties, moral laws, and responsibilities, forming the ethical foundation of its religious law.
Correct answer is: Hinduism
Q.11 Which of the following is a criticism often associated with religious legal systems?
Too flexible
Separation from morality
Resistance to change
Focus solely on property law
Explanation - Religious legal systems are often criticized for being resistant to change, as they are based on fixed divine or traditional principles.
Correct answer is: Resistance to change
Q.12 Which of the following is true about Canon Law?
Applies only to Muslims
Governs ecclesiastical matters
Primarily a civil code
Originates from Hindu scriptures
Explanation - Canon Law governs matters of the Church and its members, including clerical conduct, sacraments, and church property.
Correct answer is: Governs ecclesiastical matters
Q.13 In Islamic law, which term refers to legal rulings derived from the Quran and Hadith?
Fiqh
Sharia
Ijma
Qiyas
Explanation - Sharia is the body of Islamic law derived from divine sources, primarily the Quran and Hadith.
Correct answer is: Sharia
Q.14 Which Jewish text is a commentary on the Torah and serves as a source of law?
Hadith
Talmud
Bhagavad Gita
Bible
Explanation - The Talmud consists of the Mishnah and Gemara and provides commentary and legal discussions on the Torah.
Correct answer is: Talmud
Q.15 Which of these is a major distinction between religious law and secular law?
Religious law is based on divine authority
Secular law always uses religious texts
Religious law never involves moral guidance
Secular law is identical in all countries
Explanation - Religious law derives authority from sacred texts or divine commands, whereas secular law is created by legislative or judicial bodies.
Correct answer is: Religious law is based on divine authority
Q.16 In Hindu law, what does 'Vyavahara' primarily refer to?
Religious rituals
Legal procedure and civil law
Sacred texts
Prayer recitation
Explanation - Vyavahara refers to the procedural and civil aspects of Hindu law, including legal disputes and judicial processes.
Correct answer is: Legal procedure and civil law
Q.17 What is the main role of religious courts in Islamic countries?
Set economic policy
Resolve disputes according to Sharia
Oversee elections
Write secular civil codes
Explanation - Religious courts in Islamic countries adjudicate matters like marriage, divorce, and inheritance according to Sharia law.
Correct answer is: Resolve disputes according to Sharia
Q.18 Which of these is a feature of Halakha?
Governs only financial transactions
Includes both ethical and ritual obligations
Is part of Christian law
Has no influence today
Explanation - Halakha governs both moral and ritual aspects of Jewish life, including dietary laws, prayer, and social conduct.
Correct answer is: Includes both ethical and ritual obligations
Q.19 Which Islamic term refers to consensus among scholars in deriving legal rulings?
Ijma
Fiqh
Qiyas
Sharia
Explanation - Ijma refers to the agreement or consensus of Islamic scholars on legal issues, forming a source of Islamic law.
Correct answer is: Ijma
Q.20 Which of the following is true about religious law today?
It only exists in history
It is implemented in various forms in modern countries
It has no connection to morality
It is uniform worldwide
Explanation - Religious law continues to be practiced in many countries today, often alongside secular law, such as Sharia in Muslim-majority nations.
Correct answer is: It is implemented in various forms in modern countries
Q.21 In Christianity, which body historically enforced Canon Law?
Secular courts
Ecclesiastical courts
Sharia courts
Jewish Sanhedrin
Explanation - Ecclesiastical courts were the official church courts responsible for enforcing Canon Law, especially in matters of marriage, clerical discipline, and moral conduct.
Correct answer is: Ecclesiastical courts
Q.22 Which of the following is an example of religious law influencing civil law?
Common Law precedence
Sharia-based family law in some countries
International trade treaties
Constitutional amendments unrelated to religion
Explanation - In several countries, Sharia influences civil matters such as marriage, divorce, and inheritance, blending religious law with civil law.
Correct answer is: Sharia-based family law in some countries
Q.23 Which religion’s legal system includes the use of 'Qiyas' or analogical reasoning?
Judaism
Islam
Christianity
Hinduism
Explanation - Qiyas is the Islamic legal method of analogical reasoning used to derive rulings for new situations based on the Quran and Hadith.
Correct answer is: Islam
Q.24 Which of the following is a source of Hindu law?
Vedas and Smritis
Bible
Talmud
Hadith
Explanation - Hindu law is derived from sacred texts such as the Vedas and Smritis, which include rules of conduct, social duties, and ethics.
Correct answer is: Vedas and Smritis