Q.1 Which of the following is protected under copyright law?
A novel
A company logo
A patentable invention
A brand name
Explanation - Copyright law protects original literary, artistic, and musical works. A novel is a literary work, whereas logos and brand names are protected under trademark law, and inventions under patent law.
Correct answer is: A novel
Q.2 What type of intellectual property protects inventions?
Trademark
Patent
Copyright
Trade secret
Explanation - Patents protect new, useful, and non-obvious inventions or processes for a certain period, usually 20 years from the filing date.
Correct answer is: Patent
Q.3 A trademark primarily protects which of the following?
An invention
A logo or brand name
A book
A secret formula
Explanation - Trademarks protect symbols, names, and slogans used to identify goods or services, distinguishing them from others in the market.
Correct answer is: A logo or brand name
Q.4 Which intellectual property right is often kept secret to maintain competitive advantage?
Patent
Trade secret
Copyright
Trademark
Explanation - Trade secrets are confidential business information, like formulas or practices, which provide a competitive edge. Unlike patents, they are not publicly disclosed.
Correct answer is: Trade secret
Q.5 The duration of copyright protection for an individual author is generally:
20 years
50 years
70 years after death
Forever
Explanation - Copyright for literary, artistic, and musical works lasts for the author's lifetime plus 70 years after their death in most jurisdictions.
Correct answer is: 70 years after death
Q.6 Which of the following cannot be patented?
A new chemical compound
A naturally occurring plant
A software algorithm
A new machine
Explanation - Natural phenomena and naturally occurring substances cannot be patented. Only inventions or human-made innovations can be patented.
Correct answer is: A naturally occurring plant
Q.7 Which intellectual property right protects the appearance of a product?
Trademark
Design patent
Copyright
Trade secret
Explanation - Design patents protect the ornamental or aesthetic design of a functional item, not its utility or function.
Correct answer is: Design patent
Q.8 Plagiarism is most closely associated with violation of which IP right?
Patent
Copyright
Trademark
Trade secret
Explanation - Plagiarism involves copying someone else's creative work without permission, which infringes on their copyright.
Correct answer is: Copyright
Q.9 Which of the following is an example of industrial property?
A novel
A company logo
A chemical invention
A confidential recipe
Explanation - Industrial property includes patents, industrial designs, trademarks, and geographical indications. A chemical invention falls under patents.
Correct answer is: A chemical invention
Q.10 Which international agreement primarily governs copyright protection across countries?
TRIPS Agreement
Berne Convention
Paris Convention
Madrid Protocol
Explanation - The Berne Convention sets minimum standards for copyright protection internationally, ensuring authors' works are protected in member countries.
Correct answer is: Berne Convention
Q.11 Which of the following is a key requirement for patentability?
Novelty
Fame
Length of use
Popularity
Explanation - To be patentable, an invention must be novel, useful, and non-obvious. Popularity or fame is not relevant to patentability.
Correct answer is: Novelty
Q.12 Which IP right protects a company's slogan?
Patent
Trademark
Copyright
Trade secret
Explanation - A slogan used to distinguish goods or services is protected under trademark law, as it identifies the source of products.
Correct answer is: Trademark
Q.13 The term 'infringement' in IP law refers to:
Creation of IP
Violation of IP rights
Registration of IP
Licensing IP
Explanation - Infringement occurs when someone uses protected intellectual property without authorization from the rights holder.
Correct answer is: Violation of IP rights
Q.14 Which of the following is protected under trademark law?
The shape of a candy
A novel
A scientific formula
A secret marketing strategy
Explanation - Non-functional distinctive shapes of products can be trademarked to identify the source of goods in commerce.
Correct answer is: The shape of a candy
Q.15 What is the main purpose of intellectual property law?
To prevent theft
To protect creations of the mind
To increase taxes
To regulate imports
Explanation - Intellectual property law encourages innovation by granting creators exclusive rights over their inventions, designs, and artistic works.
Correct answer is: To protect creations of the mind
Q.16 Which of the following can be a trade secret?
A published novel
A secret recipe
A patented machine
A registered logo
Explanation - Trade secrets involve information kept confidential to gain a business advantage. Publicly disclosed or patented information is not a trade secret.
Correct answer is: A secret recipe
Q.17 Copyright protection arises automatically when:
An idea is conceived
The work is fixed in a tangible form
It is registered with the government
It is publicly shared online
Explanation - Copyright arises automatically when the work is expressed in a tangible medium, such as writing, recording, or digital form.
Correct answer is: The work is fixed in a tangible form
Q.18 Which IP right allows the owner to prevent others from making, using, or selling an invention?
Trademark
Patent
Copyright
Trade secret
Explanation - Patents grant the inventor exclusive rights to commercially exploit the invention and prevent others from unauthorized use.
Correct answer is: Patent
Q.19 Which of the following is NOT considered intellectual property?
An invention
A logo
A house blueprint
A rented building
Explanation - Intellectual property protects creations of the mind such as inventions, designs, and literary works. Physical property like a building is not IP.
Correct answer is: A rented building
Q.20 Which of the following protects the distinctive look and feel of software?
Trademark
Copyright
Patent
Trade secret
Explanation - Copyright protects the source code, graphics, and interface elements of software as original creative works.
Correct answer is: Copyright
Q.21 Which IP law protects ornamental designs of products?
Patent
Design patent
Trademark
Copyright
Explanation - Design patents protect the visual ornamental aspects of a functional item, not its functional features.
Correct answer is: Design patent
Q.22 Which international agreement deals with trade-related aspects of IP?
TRIPS Agreement
Berne Convention
Paris Convention
WIPO Copyright Treaty
Explanation - The TRIPS Agreement sets minimum standards for various IP rights enforcement in the context of international trade.
Correct answer is: TRIPS Agreement
Q.23 What is required for a mark to qualify for trademark protection?
It must be distinctive
It must be new
It must be written
It must be copyrighted
Explanation - A trademark must distinguish the goods or services of one enterprise from those of others to qualify for protection.
Correct answer is: It must be distinctive
Q.24 Which of the following is a limitation of copyright protection?
Fair use
Exclusive rights
Renewable period
Automatic registration
Explanation - Fair use allows limited use of copyrighted works without permission for purposes like criticism, commentary, or education.
Correct answer is: Fair use
Q.25 Which type of intellectual property can be licensed to others for royalties?
Patent
Copyright
Trademark
All of the above
Explanation - All forms of IP—patents, copyrights, and trademarks—can be licensed to others for compensation under contractual agreements.
Correct answer is: All of the above