Q.1 Which of the following is a modern application of finite automata?
Text pattern matching in editors
CPU instruction pipelining
Quantum key distribution
Blockchain mining
Explanation - Finite automata are widely used in text editors like grep for efficient pattern matching.
Correct answer is: Text pattern matching in editors
Q.2 Which automata model underlies the working of lexical analyzers in compilers?
Pushdown Automata
Finite Automata
Turing Machine
Cellular Automata
Explanation - Lexical analyzers use finite automata to recognize tokens in source code.
Correct answer is: Finite Automata
Q.3 Which of the following is most commonly modeled using pushdown automata?
Arithmetic expression parsing
Regular expression matching
Data compression
IP routing
Explanation - Pushdown automata handle context-free grammars, such as arithmetic expression parsing.
Correct answer is: Arithmetic expression parsing
Q.4 In natural language processing, which automata concept is used for morphological analysis?
Finite State Transducers
Cellular Automata
Turing Machines
Quantum Automata
Explanation - Finite state transducers extend automata to map input strings to output strings, used in NLP.
Correct answer is: Finite State Transducers
Q.5 Which automaton is considered the theoretical foundation of modern regular expression engines?
Deterministic Finite Automaton
Pushdown Automaton
Turing Machine
Quantum Automaton
Explanation - Regular expressions are based on deterministic finite automata for pattern recognition.
Correct answer is: Deterministic Finite Automaton
Q.6 Which application of automata theory is widely used in verifying hardware designs?
Model Checking
Compiler Optimization
Speech Recognition
Data Mining
Explanation - Model checking uses automata-based techniques to verify correctness of hardware/software systems.
Correct answer is: Model Checking
Q.7 Finite automata are not capable of recognizing which type of language?
Regular languages
Context-free languages
Token patterns in programming
Simple keywords
Explanation - Context-free languages require a stack memory, which finite automata lack.
Correct answer is: Context-free languages
Q.8 Which automata concept is applied in spell-checking software?
Levenshtein Automata
Pushdown Automata
Cellular Automata
Quantum Automata
Explanation - Levenshtein automata are used to compute approximate matches for spell-checking.
Correct answer is: Levenshtein Automata
Q.9 The Rabin–Karp string matching algorithm is most closely related to which automata concept?
Hashing and Finite Automata
Pushdown Automata
Turing Machines
Cellular Automata
Explanation - Rabin–Karp combines hashing with finite automata principles for pattern matching.
Correct answer is: Hashing and Finite Automata
Q.10 Which area uses automata theory for intrusion detection systems?
Network Security
Computer Graphics
Parallel Computing
Data Compression
Explanation - Automata theory is applied to detect malicious patterns in network traffic.
Correct answer is: Network Security
Q.11 Finite automata are used in digital circuit design mainly for:
State minimization
Arithmetic operations
Noise reduction
Memory allocation
Explanation - Finite automata optimize sequential circuit designs by reducing redundant states.
Correct answer is: State minimization
Q.12 Which automata structure is commonly used in AI for planning problems?
Nondeterministic Finite Automata
Turing Machines
State Transition Systems
Cellular Automata
Explanation - Planning problems in AI are modeled using state transition systems derived from automata theory.
Correct answer is: State Transition Systems
Q.13 Which of the following applications requires probabilistic automata?
Speech recognition
Compiler design
Sorting algorithms
CPU scheduling
Explanation - Speech recognition systems use probabilistic automata to model uncertainty in input.
Correct answer is: Speech recognition
Q.14 Regular languages are closed under which operations?
Union, Intersection, Complement
Union, Division, Exponentiation
Concatenation, Derivation, Substitution
None of the above
Explanation - Closure properties of regular languages are crucial in automata-based applications.
Correct answer is: Union, Intersection, Complement
Q.15 In compiler construction, parsing is mainly handled by which automata model?
Pushdown Automata
Finite Automata
Quantum Automata
Cellular Automata
Explanation - Parsing requires stack-based memory, hence pushdown automata are used.
Correct answer is: Pushdown Automata
Q.16 Which application of automata theory helps in checking program equivalence?
Bisimulation
Lexical Analysis
Network Routing
Sorting Algorithms
Explanation - Bisimulation, an automata-based concept, checks equivalence of different programs or systems.
Correct answer is: Bisimulation
Q.17 In machine learning, automata theory contributes primarily to which area?
Sequence modeling
Linear regression
Decision trees
Clustering
Explanation - Automata theory helps in modeling sequential patterns, useful in ML sequence tasks.
Correct answer is: Sequence modeling
Q.18 Which of the following is an application of cellular automata?
Modeling biological growth
Lexical analysis
Syntax parsing
Token recognition
Explanation - Cellular automata simulate growth patterns and biological systems.
Correct answer is: Modeling biological growth
Q.19 The Aho-Corasick algorithm, used in intrusion detection, is based on:
Finite Automata
Pushdown Automata
Turing Machines
Quantum Automata
Explanation - Aho-Corasick builds finite automata to search multiple patterns simultaneously.
Correct answer is: Finite Automata
Q.20 Which application area uses automata to model web navigation?
User behavior modeling
Compiler optimization
Digital signal processing
Database indexing
Explanation - User navigation paths are represented as states and transitions, modeled by automata.
Correct answer is: User behavior modeling
Q.21 Which automata concept is applied in verifying security protocols?
Model Checking
Data Mining
Lexical Analysis
String Matching
Explanation - Model checking ensures correctness of security protocols by simulating automata transitions.
Correct answer is: Model Checking
Q.22 Finite automata can be used in network protocol design mainly for:
State transition validation
Data encryption
Packet compression
IP address allocation
Explanation - Network protocols are modeled as automata with states and transitions.
Correct answer is: State transition validation
Q.23 Context-sensitive languages are recognized by which machine?
Linear Bounded Automaton
Finite Automaton
Pushdown Automaton
Cellular Automaton
Explanation - Linear Bounded Automata recognize context-sensitive languages, extending automata applications.
Correct answer is: Linear Bounded Automaton
Q.24 Which application of automata theory is crucial in model-based software testing?
State machines
Turing machines
Cellular automata
Quantum automata
Explanation - State machines derived from automata theory are used in generating test cases.
Correct answer is: State machines
Q.25 Which automata model is most related to blockchain consensus algorithms?
State Transition Automata
Pushdown Automata
Cellular Automata
Quantum Automata
Explanation - Blockchain consensus can be modeled using state transitions in automata.
Correct answer is: State Transition Automata