Q.1 What is the primary goal of software testing?
To identify defects in software
To write code faster
To design software architecture
To deploy software to production
Explanation - The main goal of software testing is to find bugs or defects in the software before it is released to users.
Correct answer is: To identify defects in software
Q.2 Which type of testing is performed without executing the code?
White-box testing
Black-box testing
Static testing
Unit testing
Explanation - Static testing involves reviewing documents, code, or requirements without actually executing the program.
Correct answer is: Static testing
Q.3 Which testing technique is based on the internal logic of the software?
Black-box testing
White-box testing
Beta testing
User acceptance testing
Explanation - White-box testing tests the internal structures, logic, and code paths of the software.
Correct answer is: White-box testing
Q.4 Regression testing is primarily performed to:
Check system performance under load
Verify that new code changes did not break existing functionality
Validate user interface design
Check network connectivity
Explanation - Regression testing ensures that modifications in the code do not introduce new defects in previously working functionality.
Correct answer is: Verify that new code changes did not break existing functionality
Q.5 Which of the following is an example of non-functional testing?
Unit testing
Load testing
Integration testing
System testing
Explanation - Non-functional testing checks performance, reliability, usability, etc., rather than specific functionality.
Correct answer is: Load testing
Q.6 In the V-Model of software development, testing activities are:
Performed after coding is complete
Performed simultaneously with corresponding development activities
Skipped entirely
Performed only at the system level
Explanation - The V-Model emphasizes a corresponding testing activity for each development stage, ensuring early defect detection.
Correct answer is: Performed simultaneously with corresponding development activities
Q.7 Which test case design technique focuses on input equivalence?
Boundary value analysis
Equivalence partitioning
Decision table testing
State transition testing
Explanation - Equivalence partitioning divides input data into valid and invalid classes to reduce the number of test cases while maintaining coverage.
Correct answer is: Equivalence partitioning
Q.8 What is the main difference between verification and validation?
Verification checks if software meets requirements; validation checks if software meets user needs
Verification is done by developers; validation is done by testers
Verification uses manual tests; validation uses automated tests
There is no difference
Explanation - Verification ensures the product is built correctly; validation ensures the right product is built.
Correct answer is: Verification checks if software meets requirements; validation checks if software meets user needs
Q.9 Which of the following is a type of white-box testing?
Statement coverage
System testing
Acceptance testing
Usability testing
Explanation - Statement coverage measures whether each line of code has been executed by test cases, which is a white-box testing technique.
Correct answer is: Statement coverage
Q.10 Alpha testing is conducted by:
End users at the client site
Internal developers and QA team
Automated testing tools
Software vendors in production
Explanation - Alpha testing is performed in-house by developers and QA before releasing the product to a limited group of end users.
Correct answer is: Internal developers and QA team
Q.11 Beta testing is primarily used to:
Identify defects in development environment
Gather user feedback in real-world conditions
Perform load testing
Verify code compilation
Explanation - Beta testing is conducted by real users in a real environment to collect feedback and identify issues not found during in-house testing.
Correct answer is: Gather user feedback in real-world conditions
Q.12 Which software quality attribute measures the system’s ability to recover from failures?
Reliability
Maintainability
Availability
Robustness
Explanation - Reliability indicates the probability that software will function without failure under given conditions for a specified time.
Correct answer is: Reliability
Q.13 What is the main purpose of smoke testing?
To perform thorough testing of all modules
To verify basic functionality after a build
To test software performance under load
To check system security
Explanation - Smoke testing ensures that the most critical functions of the software are working after a new build before detailed testing begins.
Correct answer is: To verify basic functionality after a build
Q.14 Which type of testing ensures that newly developed code does not negatively affect existing functionality?
Unit testing
Regression testing
Acceptance testing
Sanity testing
Explanation - Regression testing is specifically designed to detect bugs in existing functionality after changes are made.
Correct answer is: Regression testing
Q.15 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of good test cases?
Repeatable
Independent
Ambiguous
Clear
Explanation - Good test cases should be unambiguous, clear, repeatable, and independent to ensure consistent results.
Correct answer is: Ambiguous
Q.16 Which testing type is usually performed last in the software development lifecycle?
Unit testing
Integration testing
System testing
Acceptance testing
Explanation - Acceptance testing is performed at the end of the development process to ensure the software meets user requirements before release.
Correct answer is: Acceptance testing
Q.17 Which of the following best defines 'defect density'?
Number of defects per lines of code
Number of test cases executed
Number of test cases passed
Percentage of code coverage
Explanation - Defect density is a metric that measures the number of defects relative to the size of the software, usually per thousand lines of code.
Correct answer is: Number of defects per lines of code
Q.18 Which type of testing is concerned with evaluating software under expected and peak load conditions?
Unit testing
Performance testing
Integration testing
Acceptance testing
Explanation - Performance testing evaluates how the system behaves under expected load (normal conditions) and stress (peak load) to ensure responsiveness and stability.
Correct answer is: Performance testing
Q.19 Which of the following is a black-box testing technique?
Statement coverage
Branch coverage
Equivalence partitioning
Path coverage
Explanation - Black-box testing techniques like equivalence partitioning focus on inputs and expected outputs without knowledge of internal code.
Correct answer is: Equivalence partitioning
Q.20 Which activity in software testing aims to find defects as early as possible?
Static testing
System testing
Acceptance testing
Beta testing
Explanation - Static testing identifies issues in requirements, design, or code before execution, reducing later-stage defect costs.
Correct answer is: Static testing
Q.21 Sanity testing is primarily used to:
Check minor functionality after changes
Test the whole system in depth
Perform performance evaluation
Validate the software design
Explanation - Sanity testing ensures that a small section of functionality works correctly after minor code changes before more extensive testing is done.
Correct answer is: Check minor functionality after changes
Q.22 Which type of testing is usually automated to run frequently?
Unit testing
Acceptance testing
Beta testing
Alpha testing
Explanation - Unit testing is often automated to quickly verify individual components after code changes, supporting continuous integration.
Correct answer is: Unit testing
Q.23 Which of the following tools is commonly used for bug tracking?
JIRA
Eclipse
Git
Notepad++
Explanation - JIRA is widely used for bug tracking and project management in software development.
Correct answer is: JIRA
Q.24 Which type of defect is related to a mismatch between software and user expectations?
Functional defect
Usability defect
Syntax defect
Performance defect
Explanation - Usability defects occur when the software is difficult for users to understand or use, not necessarily due to code errors.
Correct answer is: Usability defect
Q.25 Which phase of software testing focuses on testing interactions between integrated modules?
Unit testing
Integration testing
System testing
Acceptance testing
Explanation - Integration testing verifies that different modules or components work together as intended.
Correct answer is: Integration testing