Q.1 Which operating system trend focuses on lightweight virtualization compared to traditional virtual machines?
Microkernels
Containers
Batch Systems
Monolithic Kernels
Explanation - Containers like Docker provide lightweight virtualization with less overhead compared to traditional virtual machines.
Correct answer is: Containers
Q.2 What is the main advantage of microkernel-based operating systems?
Faster graphics
Better modularity and security
Lower RAM usage always
Easier gaming support
Explanation - Microkernels separate system services from the kernel, improving modularity and fault isolation.
Correct answer is: Better modularity and security
Q.3 Which emerging OS concept is designed to support billions of IoT devices?
Real-time OS
Cloud OS
Edge OS
Batch OS
Explanation - Edge OS trends focus on providing lightweight and real-time support for IoT devices close to data sources.
Correct answer is: Edge OS
Q.4 Which technology is often integrated with OSes to improve security against cyber attacks?
Blockchain
Data compression
File fragmentation
Optical storage
Explanation - Blockchain technology is being researched to secure distributed OS processes and authentication.
Correct answer is: Blockchain
Q.5 What operating system feature is critical for cloud-native applications?
Strong batch scheduling
Container orchestration support
Magnetic tape drivers
Punch card interface
Explanation - Cloud-native systems rely heavily on OS-level support for containers and orchestration tools like Kubernetes.
Correct answer is: Container orchestration support
Q.6 Which emerging OS architecture allows applications to run with only necessary services, reducing attack surface?
Unikernels
Distributed OS
Batch OS
Time-sharing OS
Explanation - Unikernels are specialized OS images containing only the minimal set of OS services required by an application.
Correct answer is: Unikernels
Q.7 In mobile operating systems, what trend ensures longer battery life while running heavy apps?
Kernel bloat
Energy-aware scheduling
Batch job execution
Increased RAM usage
Explanation - Energy-aware scheduling optimizes CPU usage and task execution to extend battery life in mobile devices.
Correct answer is: Energy-aware scheduling
Q.8 Which of the following OS developments is most relevant to autonomous vehicles?
Time-sharing OS
Hard real-time OS
Batch OS
Tape-based OS
Explanation - Autonomous vehicles require hard real-time OSes to process data and make decisions within strict time constraints.
Correct answer is: Hard real-time OS
Q.9 What OS concept enables running applications across a cluster of computers as if they were a single machine?
Distributed OS
Multiprocessing OS
Single-user OS
Batch OS
Explanation - Distributed operating systems coordinate resources across multiple computers to appear as a single unified system.
Correct answer is: Distributed OS
Q.10 Which emerging OS area focuses on adapting system resources dynamically for AI workloads?
Graphics optimization
AI-aware scheduling
File compression
Input buffering
Explanation - AI-aware scheduling dynamically allocates CPU/GPU resources to optimize machine learning tasks.
Correct answer is: AI-aware scheduling
Q.11 Which OS innovation is vital for serverless computing platforms?
Fast process startup
Magnetic tape access
Job queues
Time slicing
Explanation - Serverless computing requires OSes to start and stop functions quickly, demanding very fast process startup times.
Correct answer is: Fast process startup
Q.12 Which file system innovation is trending for handling large data workloads?
Hierarchical file system
Log-structured file system
Flat file system
Sequential file system
Explanation - Log-structured file systems write sequential logs to improve performance with large and frequent data writes.
Correct answer is: Log-structured file system
Q.13 Which OS is specifically designed for wearable devices with limited resources?
WearOS
Windows Server
Mainframe OS
Solaris
Explanation - WearOS is developed by Google for wearable smart devices with resource constraints.
Correct answer is: WearOS
Q.14 Which emerging OS security model focuses on running applications in isolated sandboxes?
Zero-trust security
Batch execution
Round-robin scheduling
File-based locking
Explanation - Zero-trust security ensures every app or process must be verified before interacting, reducing risks.
Correct answer is: Zero-trust security
Q.15 Which kernel trend aims to reduce power usage in mobile devices?
Energy-efficient kernel
Monolithic kernel
Hybrid kernel
Nano kernel
Explanation - Energy-efficient kernels optimize scheduling and hardware usage to extend device battery life.
Correct answer is: Energy-efficient kernel
Q.16 Which OS development supports high scalability for microservices in the cloud?
Container OS
Batch OS
Desktop OS
Tape OS
Explanation - Container-based operating systems like CoreOS are optimized for microservices deployment in cloud platforms.
Correct answer is: Container OS
Q.17 What is the role of exokernels in emerging OS designs?
Hide hardware from applications
Expose hardware resources directly
Remove multitasking
Increase GUI effects
Explanation - Exokernels expose hardware resources directly to applications for better performance and flexibility.
Correct answer is: Expose hardware resources directly
Q.18 Which OS design trend is most suitable for highly modular and secure systems?
Microkernel
Monolithic kernel
Batch system
Time-sharing
Explanation - Microkernels separate services, making it easier to isolate faults and improve system security.
Correct answer is: Microkernel
Q.19 Which OS feature is crucial for virtualization and cloud environments?
Hypervisor support
Spooling
Time slicing
Punch card handling
Explanation - Hypervisors allow virtualization by running multiple OS instances on the same hardware.
Correct answer is: Hypervisor support
Q.20 Which OS is commonly used in IoT devices for real-time operations?
TinyOS
Windows 11
macOS
Ubuntu
Explanation - TinyOS is lightweight and optimized for embedded IoT devices requiring real-time responsiveness.
Correct answer is: TinyOS
Q.21 Which OS concept ensures applications adapt resources based on changing workloads in the cloud?
Elastic scaling
Batch processing
Job scheduling
Static allocation
Explanation - Elastic scaling allows OS/cloud systems to allocate or remove resources based on demand.
Correct answer is: Elastic scaling
Q.22 Which emerging OS feature is essential for quantum computing systems?
Qubit scheduling
Time slicing
Magnetic storage support
Spooling
Explanation - Quantum OS research focuses on qubit scheduling and error correction for quantum processors.
Correct answer is: Qubit scheduling
Q.23 Which type of operating system is most used in smartphones today?
Real-time OS
Mobile OS
Batch OS
Desktop OS
Explanation - Mobile OSes like Android and iOS dominate smartphones with specialized interfaces and optimizations.
Correct answer is: Mobile OS
Q.24 Which OS trend focuses on protecting user privacy by isolating apps and services?
Sandboxing
Batch execution
Round-robin scheduling
Multiprogramming
Explanation - Sandboxing isolates applications to prevent malicious code from affecting the rest of the system.
Correct answer is: Sandboxing
Q.25 Which OS-related concept helps support 5G-enabled devices efficiently?
Low-latency scheduling
Batch job execution
Job spooling
Magnetic tape access
Explanation - 5G devices demand operating systems with low-latency scheduling to handle fast communication.
Correct answer is: Low-latency scheduling