Q.1 Which technology is increasingly used to enhance IoT security through decentralized authentication?
Blockchain
VPN
Cookies
CAPTCHA
Explanation - Blockchain provides decentralized and tamper-resistant authentication, making it suitable for secure IoT applications.
Correct answer is: Blockchain
Q.2 What is the primary role of edge computing in IoT?
Storing backups
Processing data closer to devices
Enhancing graphics
Reducing energy of CPUs
Explanation - Edge computing reduces latency and bandwidth usage by processing data near IoT devices instead of central cloud servers.
Correct answer is: Processing data closer to devices
Q.3 Which communication technology is designed for long-range, low-power IoT connectivity?
Wi-Fi
LoRaWAN
Bluetooth
Ethernet
Explanation - LoRaWAN is optimized for low-power, wide-area networks, making it ideal for IoT devices with long-range requirements.
Correct answer is: LoRaWAN
Q.4 In IoT, 'Digital Twin' refers to:
A backup of IoT firmware
A virtual model of a physical object
Two identical sensors
Cloned network packets
Explanation - Digital Twins are digital replicas of physical entities used for monitoring, simulation, and optimization in IoT.
Correct answer is: A virtual model of a physical object
Q.5 Which AI technique is most commonly used in predictive IoT maintenance?
Decision Trees
Neural Networks
Regression Analysis
Naive Bayes
Explanation - Neural networks analyze sensor data patterns to predict equipment failures in IoT-based predictive maintenance.
Correct answer is: Neural Networks
Q.6 Which protocol is widely used for lightweight communication in IoT devices?
HTTP
FTP
MQTT
SMTP
Explanation - MQTT is a lightweight messaging protocol optimized for low-bandwidth, high-latency IoT environments.
Correct answer is: MQTT
Q.7 The use of AI at the edge for IoT devices is referred to as:
Cloud AI
Fog AI
Edge AI
Neural AI
Explanation - Edge AI enables AI models to run on edge devices, improving real-time decision-making without cloud reliance.
Correct answer is: Edge AI
Q.8 Which of the following is a key application of IoT in smart cities?
Gaming
Smart traffic management
Video editing
3D printing
Explanation - IoT sensors and AI are widely used in smart cities to optimize traffic flow and reduce congestion.
Correct answer is: Smart traffic management
Q.9 What is the main benefit of 5G for IoT?
Lower cost
Higher latency
Faster speeds and massive connectivity
Smaller chip size
Explanation - 5G offers ultra-low latency and the ability to connect billions of IoT devices simultaneously.
Correct answer is: Faster speeds and massive connectivity
Q.10 Which standard is designed for smart home IoT interoperability?
Matter
HTTP
Ethernet
SSL
Explanation - Matter is an emerging standard ensuring interoperability among different smart home IoT devices.
Correct answer is: Matter
Q.11 IoT cybersecurity trends are focusing on:
Removing encryption
Device-level security
Faster charging
Smaller sensors
Explanation - Securing IoT at the device level prevents unauthorized access and improves overall system resilience.
Correct answer is: Device-level security
Q.12 Fog computing in IoT acts as:
A substitute for Wi-Fi
An intermediate layer between edge and cloud
A type of smart sensor
A hardware design
Explanation - Fog computing provides distributed processing between IoT devices and centralized cloud to improve efficiency.
Correct answer is: An intermediate layer between edge and cloud
Q.13 Which IoT application helps in precision agriculture?
Soil moisture sensors
Fitness trackers
Game controllers
Voice assistants
Explanation - Soil moisture sensors monitor water levels, enabling precise irrigation and crop management.
Correct answer is: Soil moisture sensors
Q.14 What role does AIoT play in emerging IoT trends?
Combines AI with IoT for smarter systems
Replaces IoT completely
Provides cloud storage only
Reduces sensor size
Explanation - AIoT integrates AI into IoT devices, enabling autonomous decision-making and advanced analytics.
Correct answer is: Combines AI with IoT for smarter systems
Q.15 Which security approach is gaining popularity for IoT authentication?
Password-based login
Biometric authentication
Captcha puzzles
Manual verification
Explanation - Biometric methods like fingerprints and facial recognition are increasingly used for IoT security.
Correct answer is: Biometric authentication
Q.16 IoT devices that harvest energy from surroundings use:
Energy scavenging
Nuclear power
Battery swapping
Grid energy
Explanation - Energy scavenging captures ambient energy sources like solar, vibrations, or RF to power IoT devices.
Correct answer is: Energy scavenging
Q.17 Which standard is commonly associated with Industrial IoT (IIoT)?
OPC UA
HDMI
USB
HTTP
Explanation - OPC UA is widely used in IIoT for secure, reliable, and platform-independent industrial communication.
Correct answer is: OPC UA
Q.18 Which IoT trend uses connected wearables to monitor health data?
Smart homes
Connected healthcare
Digital agriculture
Autonomous driving
Explanation - Wearables like smartwatches are part of connected healthcare, providing real-time health monitoring.
Correct answer is: Connected healthcare
Q.19 The adoption of 'serverless IoT' mainly benefits:
Battery life
Elastic scalability and reduced management
Sensor miniaturization
Wired connections
Explanation - Serverless IoT allows automatic scaling and reduces infrastructure management for IoT applications.
Correct answer is: Elastic scalability and reduced management
Q.20 Which network architecture is used for device-to-device IoT communication?
Mesh networking
Star topology
Ring topology
Bus topology
Explanation - Mesh networks allow IoT devices to communicate directly and relay data through each other.
Correct answer is: Mesh networking
Q.21 IoT-enabled supply chains primarily benefit from:
Smarter tracking and monitoring
Faster gaming performance
Better graphics
Larger storage
Explanation - IoT enhances supply chain visibility with real-time tracking and environmental monitoring.
Correct answer is: Smarter tracking and monitoring
Q.22 Which cryptographic method is increasingly used for securing IoT devices?
Lightweight cryptography
RSA 4096-bit only
Simple hashing
Plaintext
Explanation - Lightweight cryptography is optimized for resource-constrained IoT devices to maintain security.
Correct answer is: Lightweight cryptography
Q.23 Which IoT application supports environmental monitoring?
Air quality sensors
Bluetooth headphones
Wi-Fi routers
Smart watches
Explanation - IoT-based air quality sensors help monitor pollution levels and environmental conditions.
Correct answer is: Air quality sensors
Q.24 Which connectivity trend reduces power consumption for IoT sensors?
NB-IoT
HDMI
Ethernet
USB-C
Explanation - Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) is designed for low-power wide-area connectivity, ideal for small sensors.
Correct answer is: NB-IoT
Q.25 IoT-based autonomous vehicles rely heavily on:
Sensor fusion
Manual driving
High FPS gaming
CD players
Explanation - Autonomous vehicles integrate data from multiple IoT sensors using sensor fusion for safe navigation.
Correct answer is: Sensor fusion