Q.1 Which of the following is NOT a type of NoSQL database?
Document-oriented
Key-Value
Relational
Column-family
Explanation - Relational databases are traditional SQL-based databases, whereas NoSQL includes document, key-value, column-family, and graph databases.
Correct answer is: Relational
Q.2 Which NoSQL database is primarily used for document storage?
MongoDB
Redis
Cassandra
Neo4j
Explanation - MongoDB is a popular document-oriented NoSQL database that stores data in JSON-like documents.
Correct answer is: MongoDB
Q.3 Which NoSQL database is best known for being an in-memory key-value store?
CouchDB
Redis
HBase
OrientDB
Explanation - Redis is designed as an in-memory key-value store offering extremely fast data access.
Correct answer is: Redis
Q.4 In a column-family NoSQL database, data is stored in:
Tables with fixed schema
Documents
Columns grouped into families
Graphs
Explanation - Column-family databases like Cassandra store data in column families, which are collections of rows and columns optimized for reading and writing specific columns.
Correct answer is: Columns grouped into families
Q.5 Which feature is a key advantage of NoSQL databases over traditional RDBMS?
ACID compliance
Flexible schema
Complex joins
Normalized tables
Explanation - NoSQL databases allow for flexible, dynamic schemas, making them ideal for unstructured or semi-structured data.
Correct answer is: Flexible schema
Q.6 Which NoSQL database is graph-oriented?
Cassandra
Neo4j
MongoDB
Redis
Explanation - Neo4j is designed for storing and querying graph-based data such as nodes and edges.
Correct answer is: Neo4j
Q.7 Which consistency model is commonly associated with NoSQL databases?
Strong consistency
Eventual consistency
Immediate consistency
Serializable consistency
Explanation - Many NoSQL databases follow the eventual consistency model, where updates propagate gradually and may temporarily result in stale reads.
Correct answer is: Eventual consistency
Q.8 CAP theorem states that a distributed system can simultaneously guarantee only two of the following three properties. Which are they?
Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance
Concurrency, Access, Partitioning
Control, Accuracy, Persistence
Consistency, Accuracy, Performance
Explanation - The CAP theorem states that a distributed system can guarantee at most two out of consistency, availability, and partition tolerance.
Correct answer is: Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance
Q.9 Which NoSQL database is highly suitable for time-series data?
MongoDB
InfluxDB
Neo4j
CouchDB
Explanation - InfluxDB is optimized for storing and querying time-series data efficiently.
Correct answer is: InfluxDB
Q.10 Which of the following is a common data format used in document-oriented NoSQL databases?
JSON
CSV
XML
YAML
Explanation - Document-oriented databases like MongoDB use JSON or JSON-like formats for flexible data storage.
Correct answer is: JSON
Q.11 Which NoSQL database is column-oriented and inspired by Google Bigtable?
Cassandra
MongoDB
Neo4j
Redis
Explanation - Apache Cassandra is a column-family database inspired by Bigtable, designed for scalability and high availability.
Correct answer is: Cassandra
Q.12 What is a major disadvantage of NoSQL databases?
Cannot scale horizontally
Limited support for complex queries
Schema flexibility
High write throughput
Explanation - NoSQL databases often sacrifice complex query capabilities in favor of scalability and performance.
Correct answer is: Limited support for complex queries
Q.13 Which NoSQL database is best for caching frequently accessed data?
Redis
MongoDB
Cassandra
Neo4j
Explanation - Redis is commonly used as a cache due to its in-memory storage and extremely low latency.
Correct answer is: Redis
Q.14 In NoSQL, what does horizontal scaling mean?
Adding more powerful CPU and memory to a single server
Adding more servers to handle load
Reducing database size
Compressing data
Explanation - Horizontal scaling, or scaling out, involves adding more machines to distribute the load across multiple servers.
Correct answer is: Adding more servers to handle load
Q.15 Which of the following NoSQL databases supports multi-document ACID transactions?
MongoDB
Redis
Cassandra
Neo4j
Explanation - MongoDB supports multi-document ACID transactions since version 4.0, allowing safe operations across multiple documents.
Correct answer is: MongoDB
Q.16 Sharding in NoSQL databases is used for:
Improving query syntax
Data replication across nodes
Distributing data across multiple servers
Data encryption
Explanation - Sharding splits a large dataset into smaller chunks distributed across multiple servers to improve performance and scalability.
Correct answer is: Distributing data across multiple servers
Q.17 Which type of NoSQL database stores data in key-value pairs?
Document
Graph
Key-Value
Column-Family
Explanation - Key-value databases like Redis or Riak store data as a collection of key-value pairs for fast retrieval.
Correct answer is: Key-Value
Q.18 Which of the following NoSQL databases uses MapReduce for queries?
MongoDB
CouchDB
Redis
Neo4j
Explanation - CouchDB supports querying data using the MapReduce paradigm for aggregation and computation.
Correct answer is: CouchDB
Q.19 Which NoSQL database is widely used for social networking applications?
Neo4j
MongoDB
Redis
Cassandra
Explanation - Neo4j’s graph structure efficiently represents and queries social network relationships.
Correct answer is: Neo4j
Q.20 Eventual consistency guarantees that:
All nodes will immediately have the same data
Nodes will eventually converge to the same value
Data is always correct
No data replication occurs
Explanation - In eventual consistency, updates propagate asynchronously, and all nodes eventually reach a consistent state.
Correct answer is: Nodes will eventually converge to the same value
Q.21 Which NoSQL database is primarily optimized for analytics on large datasets?
Cassandra
HBase
MongoDB
Neo4j
Explanation - HBase is a column-oriented NoSQL database designed for large-scale analytical workloads on Hadoop.
Correct answer is: HBase
Q.22 Which feature distinguishes document-based NoSQL databases from key-value stores?
Ability to store arbitrary JSON documents
Fast in-memory storage
Columnar storage
Graph traversal support
Explanation - Document-based databases store self-describing JSON-like documents, allowing complex nested structures.
Correct answer is: Ability to store arbitrary JSON documents
Q.23 Which NoSQL database is schema-less by design?
MongoDB
MySQL
PostgreSQL
Oracle DB
Explanation - MongoDB allows flexible schemas, meaning each document can have a different structure.
Correct answer is: MongoDB
Q.24 Which NoSQL database is commonly used as a backend for real-time applications due to its low latency?
Redis
Cassandra
HBase
Neo4j
Explanation - Redis’s in-memory design allows for extremely low-latency data access, ideal for real-time applications.
Correct answer is: Redis