Q.1 What is the primary purpose of digital forensics?
To develop software applications
To investigate and analyze digital evidence
To manage network configurations
To improve system performance
Explanation - Digital forensics focuses on identifying, preserving, analyzing, and presenting digital evidence in a legally acceptable manner.
Correct answer is: To investigate and analyze digital evidence
Q.2 Which of the following is a type of digital forensics?
Network forensics
Software development
Graphic design
Database management
Explanation - Digital forensics has several branches, including network forensics, computer forensics, and mobile device forensics.
Correct answer is: Network forensics
Q.3 What is the first step in a digital forensic investigation?
Analyzing the data
Preserving the evidence
Reporting findings
Deleting unnecessary files
Explanation - The first step is to secure and preserve evidence to maintain its integrity for legal proceedings.
Correct answer is: Preserving the evidence
Q.4 Which tool is commonly used for disk imaging in digital forensics?
FTK Imager
Wireshark
Nmap
Photoshop
Explanation - FTK Imager is used to create exact copies of digital storage devices for analysis without altering the original data.
Correct answer is: FTK Imager
Q.5 What is the term for altering digital evidence in an unauthorized way?
Preservation
Tampering
Authentication
Encryption
Explanation - Tampering refers to any unauthorized modification of digital evidence, which can compromise investigations.
Correct answer is: Tampering
Q.6 Which forensic technique is used to recover deleted files?
Data carving
Encryption
Compression
Authentication
Explanation - Data carving extracts files from unallocated space or disk fragments without relying on file system metadata.
Correct answer is: Data carving
Q.7 What does the term 'chain of custody' mean in digital forensics?
A type of encryption
The chronological documentation of evidence handling
A method of file recovery
A forensic software tool
Explanation - Chain of custody ensures that evidence is properly documented, secured, and unaltered from collection to presentation in court.
Correct answer is: The chronological documentation of evidence handling
Q.8 Which of the following is a volatile source of evidence?
RAM
Hard disk
USB drive
External HDD
Explanation - RAM is volatile memory, meaning it is lost when the system is powered off, making it crucial to capture quickly during investigations.
Correct answer is: RAM
Q.9 Which digital forensic tool is primarily used for network traffic analysis?
Wireshark
FTK Imager
Autopsy
EnCase
Explanation - Wireshark captures and analyzes network packets, making it essential for network forensic investigations.
Correct answer is: Wireshark
Q.10 What is the main goal of mobile device forensics?
Recover data from mobile devices
Install apps on phones
Manage mobile networks
Update operating systems
Explanation - Mobile device forensics focuses on extracting and analyzing data from smartphones, tablets, and other portable devices.
Correct answer is: Recover data from mobile devices
Q.11 Which file system artifact can help track user activity?
Log files
Executable files
Image files
Audio files
Explanation - Log files record system, application, and security events, providing critical information during investigations.
Correct answer is: Log files
Q.12 What is steganography in the context of digital forensics?
Hiding data within other files
Encrypting hard drives
Creating backup images
Recovering deleted files
Explanation - Steganography is the practice of concealing data within another file to avoid detection, which forensic investigators must detect.
Correct answer is: Hiding data within other files
Q.13 Which of the following is considered non-volatile digital evidence?
Hard drive data
RAM
Cache memory
CPU registers
Explanation - Non-volatile memory retains information even when powered off, unlike volatile sources like RAM or CPU registers.
Correct answer is: Hard drive data
Q.14 Which forensic process involves examining network logs to detect unauthorized access?
Network forensics
Disk imaging
Malware analysis
Data encryption
Explanation - Network forensics analyzes network traffic and logs to identify suspicious activities or security breaches.
Correct answer is: Network forensics
Q.15 Which type of malware analysis examines the program while it is running?
Dynamic analysis
Static analysis
Steganographic analysis
Disk imaging
Explanation - Dynamic analysis monitors the behavior of malware during execution to understand its functionality and potential impact.
Correct answer is: Dynamic analysis
Q.16 What is the purpose of hashing in digital forensics?
To verify data integrity
To compress files
To encrypt communication
To delete unnecessary files
Explanation - Hashing produces a unique digital fingerprint of data, helping investigators ensure that evidence has not been altered.
Correct answer is: To verify data integrity
Q.17 Which tool is widely used for digital forensics analysis of computer systems?
Autopsy
Nmap
Excel
Adobe Acrobat
Explanation - Autopsy is an open-source digital forensics platform used for analyzing hard drives, media, and recovering data.
Correct answer is: Autopsy
Q.18 Which type of digital forensics deals with cloud-based data?
Cloud forensics
Mobile forensics
Network forensics
Disk forensics
Explanation - Cloud forensics focuses on investigating and analyzing data stored on cloud services and virtualized environments.
Correct answer is: Cloud forensics
Q.19 What is the role of a write blocker in digital forensics?
Prevent modification of evidence
Increase storage speed
Encrypt hard drives
Recover deleted files
Explanation - A write blocker allows investigators to read storage media without risking changes to the original evidence.
Correct answer is: Prevent modification of evidence
Q.20 Which evidence type requires immediate capture due to volatility?
RAM contents
Hard disk images
CD-ROM data
Archived emails
Explanation - RAM is volatile and lost when the system powers off, making it critical to capture first during forensic acquisition.
Correct answer is: RAM contents
Q.21 Which of the following is NOT a step in the digital forensic process?
Evidence acquisition
Evidence preservation
Evidence analysis
Software development
Explanation - Digital forensic investigations focus on acquisition, preservation, analysis, and presentation, not developing software.
Correct answer is: Software development
Q.22 Which method is used to detect hidden data in digital images or files?
Steganalysis
Hashing
Encryption
Disk imaging
Explanation - Steganalysis detects the presence of hidden information within digital media using forensic techniques.
Correct answer is: Steganalysis
Q.23 What is the significance of metadata in digital forensics?
Provides information about files, such as creation date and author
Encrypts user data
Compresses files for storage
Recovers deleted files
Explanation - Metadata provides essential details about files and digital activity, helping investigators reconstruct events.
Correct answer is: Provides information about files, such as creation date and author
Q.24 Which legal principle ensures that evidence obtained digitally is admissible in court?
Due process
Presumption of innocence
Digital signature verification
Chain of custody
Explanation - Maintaining chain of custody ensures that digital evidence is collected, preserved, and handled according to legal standards.
Correct answer is: Chain of custody
Q.25 Which technique is used to examine malware without executing it?
Static analysis
Dynamic analysis
Data carving
Disk imaging
Explanation - Static analysis inspects malware code or files without running them, allowing safe examination of behavior and structure.
Correct answer is: Static analysis