Q.1 Which component of a computer is responsible for executing instructions?
Memory
ALU
Control Unit
CPU
Explanation - The CPU (Central Processing Unit) executes instructions fetched from memory and performs computations.
Correct answer is: CPU
Q.2 What does ALU stand for in computer architecture?
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Advanced Logic Unit
Arithmetic Level Unit
Automated Logic Unit
Explanation - ALU stands for Arithmetic Logic Unit, which performs arithmetic and logical operations in the CPU.
Correct answer is: Arithmetic Logic Unit
Q.3 Which memory type is volatile?
ROM
RAM
Flash
EEPROM
Explanation - RAM (Random Access Memory) loses its contents when the power is turned off, making it volatile.
Correct answer is: RAM
Q.4 The control unit in a CPU is responsible for:
Storing data permanently
Directing the flow of data
Performing arithmetic operations
Cooling the CPU
Explanation - The Control Unit directs the flow of instructions and data between CPU components and memory.
Correct answer is: Directing the flow of data
Q.5 Which of the following is an example of secondary storage?
RAM
Cache
Hard Disk
Registers
Explanation - Secondary storage, like Hard Disks, provides long-term data storage.
Correct answer is: Hard Disk
Q.6 What is the main function of the program counter (PC)?
Stores the result of ALU operations
Points to the next instruction to execute
Stores user data
Controls memory access
Explanation - The Program Counter (PC) keeps track of the address of the next instruction to be executed.
Correct answer is: Points to the next instruction to execute
Q.7 Which of the following is NOT part of the CPU?
ALU
Control Unit
Registers
ROM
Explanation - ROM is a type of memory, not a CPU component. CPU consists of ALU, Control Unit, and Registers.
Correct answer is: ROM
Q.8 Cache memory is used to:
Store permanent data
Speed up data access for CPU
Hold input/output devices
Backup the hard disk
Explanation - Cache memory stores frequently used data to reduce CPU access time to main memory.
Correct answer is: Speed up data access for CPU
Q.9 Von Neumann architecture is characterized by:
Separate memory for data and instructions
Shared memory for data and instructions
No CPU
Multiple ALUs
Explanation - In Von Neumann architecture, both data and instructions are stored in the same memory.
Correct answer is: Shared memory for data and instructions
Q.10 The primary function of registers is to:
Store data permanently
Hold data temporarily for CPU processing
Store programs
Connect I/O devices
Explanation - Registers provide fast temporary storage for data and instructions being processed by the CPU.
Correct answer is: Hold data temporarily for CPU processing
Q.11 Which of the following is a characteristic of RISC architecture?
Complex instruction set
Few instructions, simple design
Uses microcode
Slower execution speed
Explanation - RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) uses a small, highly optimized set of instructions for faster execution.
Correct answer is: Few instructions, simple design
Q.12 ROM is typically used to store:
User documents
Operating system instructions
Temporary variables
Cache data
Explanation - ROM (Read-Only Memory) stores firmware, including essential operating system instructions needed to boot a computer.
Correct answer is: Operating system instructions
Q.13 Which bus carries data between CPU and memory?
Data bus
Address bus
Control bus
Power bus
Explanation - The data bus transfers actual data between the CPU, memory, and other components.
Correct answer is: Data bus
Q.14 Which bus is used to specify the memory address to read/write?
Data bus
Address bus
Control bus
System bus
Explanation - The address bus carries the address of the memory location that the CPU wants to access.
Correct answer is: Address bus
Q.15 Which of the following is true for Harvard architecture?
Instructions and data share same memory
Instructions and data have separate memory
No memory is used
CPU has no ALU
Explanation - Harvard architecture uses separate memories for instructions and data, allowing simultaneous access.
Correct answer is: Instructions and data have separate memory
Q.16 What is the main purpose of pipelining in CPU?
Increase CPU clock speed
Execute multiple instructions simultaneously
Reduce memory size
Store data temporarily
Explanation - Pipelining allows overlapping execution of multiple instructions, improving CPU throughput.
Correct answer is: Execute multiple instructions simultaneously
Q.17 Which component connects the CPU with peripherals?
Control Unit
ALU
Input/Output Interface
Cache Memory
Explanation - The I/O interface manages communication between the CPU and external devices.
Correct answer is: Input/Output Interface
Q.18 Which of the following memory is fastest?
Cache
RAM
Hard Disk
ROM
Explanation - Cache memory is faster than RAM and ROM because it is located close to the CPU.
Correct answer is: Cache
Q.19 What is the function of a decoder in CPU?
Execute arithmetic operations
Interpret instructions
Store data temporarily
Transfer data to peripherals
Explanation - A decoder interprets the opcode of an instruction and signals which operations need to be performed.
Correct answer is: Interpret instructions
Q.20 Which of the following is NOT a function of the control unit?
Fetch instructions
Decode instructions
Execute instructions
Store large data files
Explanation - The Control Unit manages the execution of instructions but does not store large data files.
Correct answer is: Store large data files
Q.21 The speed of the CPU is measured in:
Bytes
Hertz
Bits
Watts
Explanation - CPU speed is measured in Hertz (Hz), indicating the number of cycles per second.
Correct answer is: Hertz
Q.22 Which instruction tells the CPU to stop execution?
Start
Halt
Jump
Load
Explanation - The Halt instruction stops the CPU from executing further instructions.
Correct answer is: Halt
Q.23 Registers are classified based on their function. Which of the following is a data register?
Program Counter
Accumulator
Instruction Register
Status Register
Explanation - The Accumulator is a data register that temporarily holds results of arithmetic and logic operations.
Correct answer is: Accumulator
Q.24 The main memory of a computer is also called:
ROM
Cache
Primary memory
Secondary storage
Explanation - Primary memory, like RAM, stores data and instructions currently in use for quick access by the CPU.
Correct answer is: Primary memory
Q.25 Which of the following determines the number of instructions a CPU can execute per second?
Clock speed
Cache size
RAM size
Hard disk speed
Explanation - CPU clock speed determines how many cycles (and thus instructions) a CPU can process per second.
Correct answer is: Clock speed