Q.1 Which polymer is most commonly used as a matrix for controlled‑release tablets due to its high swelling capacity?
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)
Polylactic acid (PLA)
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)
Explanation - HPMC swells in aqueous media, forming a gel barrier that controls drug diffusion, making it a preferred matrix former for sustained‑release tablets.
Correct answer is: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)
Q.2 What is the primary mechanism by which poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles release a drug?
Ion exchange
Diffusion through polymer pores
Polymer degradation (hydrolysis)
Osmotic pumping
Explanation - PLGA degrades by hydrolytic cleavage of its ester bonds, gradually releasing the encapsulated drug as the polymer matrix breaks down.
Correct answer is: Polymer degradation (hydrolysis)
Q.3 Which of the following polymers is classified as a natural polymer used in drug delivery?
Polycaprolactone (PCL)
Chitosan
Polystyrene
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Explanation - Chitosan is derived from chitin (a natural polysaccharide) and is widely used for its biocompatibility and mucoadhesive properties.
Correct answer is: Chitosan
Q.4 The glass transition temperature (Tg) of a polymer affects:
Its color
Its electrical conductivity
The rate of drug diffusion through the polymer
Its magnetic susceptibility
Explanation - Tg determines polymer chain mobility; above Tg the polymer is more flexible, allowing faster diffusion of drug molecules.
Correct answer is: The rate of drug diffusion through the polymer
Q.5 Which polymer is biodegradable and commonly used for making sutures as well as drug‑eluting stents?
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Polylactic acid (PLA)
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Polycarbonate (PC)
Explanation - PLA hydrolyzes into lactic acid in the body, making it suitable for biodegradable medical devices including sutures and stents.
Correct answer is: Polylactic acid (PLA)
Q.6 In a polymer‑based drug delivery system, "burst release" refers to:
A rapid initial release of drug followed by slower release
A constant release rate throughout
No release of drug
Release only under electrical stimulation
Explanation - Burst release occurs when drug located near the surface diffuses out quickly before the controlled release phase dominates.
Correct answer is: A rapid initial release of drug followed by slower release
Q.7 Which functional group in a polymer backbone is most susceptible to hydrolytic degradation?
Ester
Ether
Amide
Alkene
Explanation - Ester linkages are hydrolytically labile, especially in aqueous environments, leading to polymer degradation.
Correct answer is: Ester
Q.8 The term "mucoadhesive" in polymeric drug delivery refers to:
Polymer's ability to conduct electricity
Polymer's ability to adhere to mucosal surfaces
Polymer's ability to dissolve in water
Polymer's magnetic properties
Explanation - Mucoadhesive polymers can stick to mucous membranes, prolonging residence time and enhancing drug absorption.
Correct answer is: Polymer's ability to adhere to mucosal surfaces
Q.9 Which polymer is often used to form hydrogels for ocular drug delivery?
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polypropylene (PP)
Explanation - PEG can be cross‑linked to form hydrophilic hydrogels that are compatible with eye tissues and allow sustained drug release.
Correct answer is: Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Q.10 A copolymer of lactic acid and glycolic acid with a 50:50 ratio typically degrades in:
1–2 weeks
1–2 months
4–6 months
1–2 years
Explanation - A 50:50 PLGA ratio has the fastest degradation rate, usually completing in 1–2 months under physiological conditions.
Correct answer is: 1–2 months
Q.11 Which analytical technique is commonly used to determine the molecular weight distribution of polymers used in drug delivery?
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)
Gel permeation chromatography (GPC)
X‑ray diffraction (XRD)
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)
Explanation - GPC separates polymer chains based on size, allowing measurement of molecular weight distribution (Mw, Mn, PDI).
Correct answer is: Gel permeation chromatography (GPC)
Q.12 In polymeric drug delivery, the term "hydrophilic–hydrophobic balance" primarily influences:
The polymer's color
The drug loading capacity and release profile
The polymer's magnetic properties
The polymer's electrical conductivity
Explanation - Balancing hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments controls drug–polymer interactions, affecting how much drug can be loaded and how it is released.
Correct answer is: The drug loading capacity and release profile
Q.13 Which polymeric carrier can be triggered to release its payload by an external electric field?
Polyaniline (PANI)
Polylactic acid (PLA)
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)
Explanation - Conducting polymers like PANI can change oxidation state under an electric field, causing structural changes that release the drug.
Correct answer is: Polyaniline (PANI)
Q.14 What is the main advantage of using polymeric micelles for delivering poorly water‑soluble drugs?
They increase the drug's electrical conductivity
They enhance the drug's solubility and stability in aqueous media
They permanently bind the drug
They convert the drug into a gas
Explanation - Micelles have a hydrophobic core that solubilizes lipophilic drugs, while the hydrophilic shell stabilizes them in water.
Correct answer is: They enhance the drug's solubility and stability in aqueous media
Q.15 Which of the following is a synthetic, non‑degradable polymer often used for long‑term implantable drug reservoirs?
Polyethylene (PE)
Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Polycaprolactone (PCL)
Polysaccharide
Explanation - PE is chemically inert and does not degrade appreciably in the body, making it suitable for permanent implants.
Correct answer is: Polyethylene (PE)
Q.16 The term "pH‑responsive polymer" describes a polymer that:
Changes its charge or solubility in response to pH variations
Generates electricity at different pH levels
Becomes magnetic at low pH
Hardens when pH is neutral
Explanation - pH‑responsive polymers contain ionizable groups that alter polymer swelling or dissolution, enabling site‑specific drug release.
Correct answer is: Changes its charge or solubility in response to pH variations
Q.17 Which polymer is often used as a coating material for drug‑eluting coronary stents due to its biocompatibility and controlled‑release properties?
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)
Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Explanation - PLGA provides a biodegradable matrix that can release antiproliferative drugs over weeks to months while being biocompatible.
Correct answer is: Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Q.18 In a polymeric nanocarrier, the "critical micelle concentration (CMC)" refers to:
The concentration at which micelles become electrically conductive
The minimum polymer concentration required to form micelles
The concentration where the polymer degrades
The concentration at which micelles become magnetic
Explanation - Below the CMC, amphiphilic polymers exist as unimers; above it, they self‑assemble into micelles.
Correct answer is: The minimum polymer concentration required to form micelles
Q.19 Which polymeric material is most suitable for delivering insulin via a transdermal patch?
Polyacrylic acid (PAA)
Polylactic acid (PLA)
Hydrogel based on poly(2‑hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Explanation - pHEMA hydrogels can hold large amounts of water, providing a moist environment for insulin diffusion through skin.
Correct answer is: Hydrogel based on poly(2‑hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA)
Q.20 The main reason for adding a plasticizer to a polymer film used in drug delivery is to:
Increase its electrical resistance
Decrease its glass transition temperature and increase flexibility
Make it more opaque
Improve its magnetic properties
Explanation - Plasticizers intercalate between polymer chains, reducing Tg and making films more pliable for better handling and drug release.
Correct answer is: Decrease its glass transition temperature and increase flexibility
Q.21 Which of the following polymers exhibits shape‑memory behavior that can be exploited for triggered drug release?
Polyurethanes (PU)
Polylactic acid (PLA)
Polyethylene (PE)
Polypropylene (PP)
Explanation - Certain PU formulations can recover a pre‑programmed shape upon stimulus (temperature, pH), enabling controlled release.
Correct answer is: Polyurethanes (PU)
Q.22 The process of converting a polymer solution into solid nanoparticles by rapid mixing with a non‑solvent is called:
Emulsification
Spray drying
Nanoprecipitation
Freeze‑drying
Explanation - Nanoprecipitation (or solvent displacement) creates polymeric nanoparticles when a solvent containing polymer is added to a miscible non‑solvent, causing polymer precipitation.
Correct answer is: Nanoprecipitation
Q.23 Which polymer is a derivative of cellulose and is widely used as a coating material for enteric tablets?
Methylcellulose (MC)
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)
Eudragit®
Explanation - Eudragit® polymers are cellulose‑derived, pH‑dependent coating agents that protect tablets from the acidic stomach environment.
Correct answer is: Eudragit®
Q.24 In the context of polymeric drug delivery, "bioadhesion" differs from "mucoadhesion" in that bioadhesion refers to:
Adhesion to any biological tissue, not just mucosal surfaces
Adhesion only to bone tissue
Adhesion to bacterial cells
Adhesion to synthetic polymers only
Explanation - Bioadhesion encompasses adhesion to a variety of tissues (skin, cartilage, etc.), whereas mucoadhesion is specific to mucous membranes.
Correct answer is: Adhesion to any biological tissue, not just mucosal surfaces
Q.25 Which polymeric nanocarrier type is formed by self‑assembly of block copolymers into a vesicle with an aqueous core?
Polymeric micelle
Polymer‑based liposome (polymersome)
Nanocapsule
Nanofiber
Explanation - Polymersomes are vesicular structures with a bilayer membrane and an internal aqueous cavity, ideal for encapsulating hydrophilic drugs.
Correct answer is: Polymer‑based liposome (polymersome)
Q.26 Which characteristic of a polymer determines its ability to be sterilized by gamma irradiation without significant degradation?
High molecular weight
Low crystallinity
Presence of aromatic rings
High glass transition temperature
Explanation - Amorphous (low‑crystalline) polymers are less prone to chain scission during gamma irradiation compared to highly crystalline polymers.
Correct answer is: Low crystallinity
Q.27 The term "hydrogel" in drug delivery most accurately describes:
A polymer that conducts electricity in water
A cross‑linked network of hydrophilic polymers that can absorb large amounts of water
A polymer that degrades instantly upon contact with water
A polymer that repels water
Explanation - Hydrogels swell considerably in aqueous environments while retaining their three‑dimensional structure, allowing controlled drug release.
Correct answer is: A cross‑linked network of hydrophilic polymers that can absorb large amounts of water
Q.28 Which polymer is known for its ability to form a thermoresponsive gel at body temperature (≈37 °C) for injectable drug delivery?
Poloxamer 407 (Pluronic®)
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Polylactic acid (PLA)
Polypropylene (PP)
Explanation - Poloxamer 407 undergoes sol‑to‑gel transition near physiological temperature, enabling minimally invasive depot formation.
Correct answer is: Poloxamer 407 (Pluronic®)
Q.29 A polymeric carrier with a high degree of branching (e.g., dendrimer) offers which advantage for drug delivery?
Increased electrical conductivity
Uniform size and multivalent surface functional groups for drug conjugation
Reduced biocompatibility
Lower cost of production
Explanation - Dendrimers have a well‑defined, branched architecture providing numerous terminal groups for attaching drugs or targeting ligands.
Correct answer is: Uniform size and multivalent surface functional groups for drug conjugation
Q.30 Which polymer is a common component of biodegradable sutures and also used for sustained drug release due to its hydrolytic degradation?
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Polyglycolic acid (PGA)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Explanation - PGA hydrolyzes rapidly, making it suitable for absorbable sutures and as a matrix for rapid drug release.
Correct answer is: Polyglycolic acid (PGA)
Q.31 The "Higuchi model" is used to describe drug release from:
Membrane diffusion systems
Polymer matrices where release is diffusion‑controlled
Zero‑order release implants
pH‑responsive polymers only
Explanation - The Higuchi equation relates the amount of drug released to the square root of time for diffusion‑dominant systems.
Correct answer is: Polymer matrices where release is diffusion‑controlled
Q.32 Which polymer is known for its excellent gas barrier properties and is occasionally used for packaging of drug products to protect them from moisture?
Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC)
Polypropylene (PP)
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)
Polyethylene (PE)
Explanation - PVDC provides low permeability to gases and vapors, extending the shelf‑life of moisture‑sensitive drugs.
Correct answer is: Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC)
Q.33 In polymeric drug delivery, the term "stealth" generally refers to:
Polymers that are invisible to the naked eye
Polymers that evade the immune system, often by PEGylation
Polymers that conduct electricity without loss
Polymers that do not degrade
Explanation - PEGylation creates a hydrophilic corona that reduces protein adsorption and recognition by the reticuloendothelial system.
Correct answer is: Polymers that evade the immune system, often by PEGylation
Q.34 Which polymeric system can be engineered to respond to glucose concentration, making it a candidate for insulin delivery?
Poly(N‑isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)
Phenylboronic acid‑functionalized polymers
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Polycaprolactone (PCL)
Explanation - Phenylboronic acid forms reversible covalent bonds with diols such as glucose, enabling glucose‑triggered swelling and insulin release.
Correct answer is: Phenylboronic acid‑functionalized polymers
Q.35 The primary reason for using a polymer with a high molecular weight in a depot injection is to:
Increase the electrical conductivity of the depot
Prolong the residence time and slow drug diffusion
Make the depot visible on X‑ray
Decrease the viscosity of the injection
Explanation - Higher molecular weight polymers form more viscous matrices that retard drug diffusion, extending release duration.
Correct answer is: Prolong the residence time and slow drug diffusion
Q.36 Which of the following is a characteristic of a “smart polymer” used in drug delivery?
It changes its properties in response to a specific stimulus (pH, temperature, light)
It remains inert under all conditions
It conducts electricity like a metal
It is always biodegradable
Explanation - Smart polymers are designed to undergo physical or chemical changes when exposed to certain triggers, allowing on‑demand drug release.
Correct answer is: It changes its properties in response to a specific stimulus (pH, temperature, light)
Q.37 When formulating a polymeric nanoparticle for intravenous injection, the most important surface characteristic to avoid rapid clearance is:
High positive charge
High hydrophobicity
Neutral or slightly negative charge with PEGylation
Strong magnetic properties
Explanation - A neutral/slightly negative, PEG‑coated surface reduces opsonization and prolongs circulation time.
Correct answer is: Neutral or slightly negative charge with PEGylation
Q.38 Which polymer is known for its shape‑memory behavior triggered by temperature and is used in self‑expanding stents?
Poly(L‑lactide) (PLLA)
Poly(N‑isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)
Poly(ε‑caprolactone) (PCL)
Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)
Explanation - PLLA exhibits shape‑memory at body temperature, allowing it to expand once implanted.
Correct answer is: Poly(L‑lactide) (PLLA)
Q.39 A polymer that forms a gel in response to the presence of calcium ions is:
Alginate
Polystyrene
Polyvinyl acetate
Polyethylene glycol
Explanation - Alginate cross‑links with divalent cations (Ca²⁺) forming a hydrogel useful for encapsulating cells or drugs.
Correct answer is: Alginate
Q.40 In drug delivery, the term "bioerodible" describes a polymer that:
Conducts electricity in the body
Degrades only in the presence of light
Degrades via enzymatic or hydrolytic mechanisms after implantation
Becomes magnetic when exposed to body fluids
Explanation - Bioerodible polymers are designed to break down safely within the body, releasing the drug as they erode.
Correct answer is: Degrades via enzymatic or hydrolytic mechanisms after implantation
Q.41 The main benefit of using a polymeric scaffold with interconnected pores for tissue‑engineered drug delivery is:
Improved electrical conductivity
Enhanced mechanical strength
Facilitated cell infiltration and nutrient diffusion, allowing localized drug release
Reduced cost of production
Explanation - Porous scaffolds permit tissue ingrowth and allow diffusion of drugs released from the polymer matrix.
Correct answer is: Facilitated cell infiltration and nutrient diffusion, allowing localized drug release
Q.42 Which analytical technique would you use to confirm the presence of ester bonds in a polymer intended for drug delivery?
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)
Dynamic light scattering (DLS)
Atomic force microscopy (AFM)
Explanation - NMR can identify characteristic chemical shifts of ester carbonyl groups, confirming polymer composition.
Correct answer is: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy
Q.43 Which polymer is often blended with poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) to improve flexibility and reduce brittleness in implantable devices?
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)
Polycaprolactone (PCL)
Polystyrene (PS)
Explanation - PEG acts as a plasticizer and increases hydrophilicity, reducing brittleness of PLGA devices.
Correct answer is: Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Q.44 A polymeric drug delivery system that releases drug only when exposed to near‑infrared (NIR) light is utilizing:
Thermal degradation
Photothermal effect
Electrostatic repulsion
Magnetic resonance
Explanation - NIR‑absorbing polymers convert light into heat, causing polymer swelling or degradation and triggering drug release.
Correct answer is: Photothermal effect
Q.45 The primary advantage of using a polymeric nanoparticle over a conventional suspension for anticancer drug delivery is:
Higher electrical conductivity
Enhanced tumor targeting via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect
Ability to be magnetized
Reduced manufacturing cost
Explanation - Nanoparticles can accumulate preferentially in tumor tissue due to leaky vasculature, improving therapeutic index.
Correct answer is: Enhanced tumor targeting via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect
Q.46 Which polymer is commonly used as a carrier for gene delivery because of its ability to condense DNA?
Polyethylenimine (PEI)
Polylactic acid (PLA)
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Polystyrene (PS)
Explanation - PEI has a high density of amine groups that electrostatically bind and compact DNA, facilitating cellular uptake.
Correct answer is: Polyethylenimine (PEI)
Q.47 In polymer chemistry, the term "cross‑linking" refers to:
Connecting polymer chains via covalent bonds to form a network
Removing all functional groups from a polymer
Breaking polymer chains into monomers
Changing the polymer's color
Explanation - Cross‑linking creates a three‑dimensional network, often enhancing mechanical strength and reducing solubility.
Correct answer is: Connecting polymer chains via covalent bonds to form a network
Q.48 A polymeric micelle with a low critical micelle concentration (CMC) is advantageous because:
It remains stable upon dilution in the bloodstream
It dissolves quickly in water
It releases drug instantly
It becomes magnetic
Explanation - A low CMC means micelles do not dissociate easily when diluted, maintaining drug encapsulation during circulation.
Correct answer is: It remains stable upon dilution in the bloodstream
Q.49 Which polymer is a synthetic analogue of collagen and often used for wound‑healing dressings?
Polyurethane (PU)
Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Poly(glycolic acid) (PGA)
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)
Explanation - PVA forms flexible, breathable films that mimic the extracellular matrix, supporting wound healing.
Correct answer is: Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)
Q.50 Which polymer is often employed in the fabrication of nanofibrous mats by electrospinning for transdermal drug delivery?
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polypropylene (PP)
Polyethylene (PE)
Explanation - PAN can be electrospun into uniform nanofibers with high surface area, suitable for drug loading and skin permeation.
Correct answer is: Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)
Q.51 The presence of which functional group in a polymer makes it especially suitable for covalent attachment of drug molecules via amide bond formation?
Carboxylic acid
Hydroxyl
Ether
Alkyl
Explanation - Carboxylic acids react with amine groups of drugs to form stable amide linkages.
Correct answer is: Carboxylic acid
Q.52 A polymeric depot that releases drug at a nearly constant rate over several months follows which kinetic model?
Zero‑order kinetics
First‑order kinetics
Higuchi model
Korsmeyer‑Peppas model
Explanation - Zero‑order release delivers a constant amount of drug per unit time, independent of concentration.
Correct answer is: Zero‑order kinetics
Q.53 Which polymer is an example of a poly(ionic liquid) used for stimuli‑responsive drug delivery?
Poly(4‑vinylpyridine) (P4VP)
Polylactic acid (PLA)
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Polypropylene (PP)
Explanation - P4VP can be protonated/deprotonated, enabling pH‑responsive behavior useful for controlled drug release.
Correct answer is: Poly(4‑vinylpyridine) (P4VP)
Q.54 In polymeric drug delivery, the "partition coefficient" (log P) of a drug influences:
The drug's color
The drug's solubility in the polymer versus aqueous phase
The polymer's melting point
The drug's electrical conductivity
Explanation - Log P indicates hydrophobicity; a higher log P suggests better affinity for hydrophobic polymer matrices.
Correct answer is: The drug's solubility in the polymer versus aqueous phase
Q.55 Which polymer is most commonly used in the formation of biodegradable polymeric stents for vascular applications?
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Explanation - PLA offers suitable mechanical strength and degrades into lactic acid, making it a favored material for temporary vascular scaffolds.
Correct answer is: Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)
Q.56 The use of a polymer that becomes more hydrophilic when heated (lower critical solution temperature behavior) is useful for:
Temperature‑triggered drug release
Magnetic targeting
Electrical stimulation
Radiation therapy
Explanation - Polymers with LCST become soluble above a certain temperature, causing swelling or dissolution that can release drug.
Correct answer is: Temperature‑triggered drug release
Q.57 Which polymer is known for its excellent barrier properties and is often used as a protective coating for oral solid dosage forms?
Eudragit® RS
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)
Polylactic acid (PLA)
Explanation - Eudragit® RS is a non‑ionic, low‑permeability polymer that provides moisture barrier for tablets.
Correct answer is: Eudragit® RS
Q.58 In drug delivery, the "burst effect" can be minimized by:
Increasing surface drug loading
Using a polymer with higher crystallinity
Increasing the proportion of drug near the surface
Applying a coating layer over the matrix
Explanation - A secondary coating slows initial drug diffusion, reducing the burst release.
Correct answer is: Applying a coating layer over the matrix
Q.59 Which polymer is frequently employed in the design of oral fast‑dissolving films due to its rapid disintegration properties?
Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC)
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)
Polyethylene (PE)
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Explanation - HPC swells quickly in saliva, facilitating rapid film dissolution and drug release.
Correct answer is: Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC)
Q.60 When a polymeric drug carrier is designed to degrade by enzymatic action, the most likely target enzyme in the human body is:
Lysozyme
Amylase
Protease
Lipase
Explanation - Proteases cleave peptide bonds in polymers containing amino acid residues (e.g., poly(amino acids)), enabling biodegradation.
Correct answer is: Protease
Q.61 Which polymer is an example of a thermoplastic elastomer used for flexible drug‑eluting patches?
Styrene‑butadiene‑styrene (SBS)
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polycarbonate (PC)
Explanation - SBS combines rubbery elasticity with thermoplastic processing, suitable for flexible patches.
Correct answer is: Styrene‑butadiene‑styrene (SBS)
Q.62 The primary reason to incorporate a fluorinated polymer in a drug‑delivery device is:
To increase water solubility
To improve biocompatibility
To reduce protein adsorption and increase chemical stability
To make the device magnetic
Explanation - Fluorinated surfaces are highly inert and resist fouling, useful for long‑term implants.
Correct answer is: To reduce protein adsorption and increase chemical stability
Q.63 Which polymer is commonly used for making dissolvable microneedles for transdermal drug delivery?
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Polylactic acid (PLA)
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Explanation - CMC is water‑soluble, biocompatible, and can form strong, yet dissolvable microneedles that release drug upon insertion.
Correct answer is: Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)
Q.64 A polymer that can bind metal ions through chelation is useful for:
Magnetic targeting of drugs
Stabilizing enzymes
Removing heavy metals from the body
All of the above
Explanation - Chelating polymers can coordinate metal ions, enabling magnetic guidance, enzyme stabilization, or detoxification.
Correct answer is: All of the above
Q.65 Which polymer is typically used as a matrix for the sustained release of hydrophilic drugs via a diffusion‑controlled mechanism?
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyethylene (PE)
Explanation - HPMC swells to form a gel barrier, allowing hydrophilic drug diffusion at a controlled rate.
Correct answer is: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)
Q.66 When a polymeric drug delivery system is described as "osmotic", the driving force for drug release is:
Diffusion through polymer pores
Water influx generating pressure that pushes drug out
Electrical current
Magnetic field
Explanation - Osmotic pumps use semi‑permeable membranes; water entering the system creates pressure that forces drug out at a constant rate.
Correct answer is: Water influx generating pressure that pushes drug out
Q.67 Which polymer is a good candidate for a biodegradable polymeric nerve guide due to its flexibility and biocompatibility?
Poly(ε‑caprolactone) (PCL)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Explanation - PCL is flexible, degrades slowly, and supports nerve regeneration, making it suitable for nerve conduits.
Correct answer is: Poly(ε‑caprolactone) (PCL)
Q.68 A polymeric carrier that releases drug upon exposure to ultrasound is utilizing which phenomenon?
Cavitation‑induced membrane disruption
Thermal melting only
Electrostatic repulsion
Magnetic alignment
Explanation - Ultrasound can create cavitation bubbles that mechanically disrupt polymer matrices, triggering drug release.
Correct answer is: Cavitation‑induced membrane disruption
Q.69 Which polymeric material is widely used for coating of drug‑eluting balloons in angioplasty procedures?
Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Polyethylene (PE)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Explanation - PLGA can be applied as a thin coating that releases antiproliferative drugs after balloon inflation.
Correct answer is: Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Q.70 The main advantage of using a polymer with a high degree of crystallinity in a drug‑delivery implant is:
Faster drug release
Greater mechanical strength and slower degradation
Increased electrical conductivity
Improved solubility in water
Explanation - Crystalline regions resist hydrolysis, providing structural integrity and extended release times.
Correct answer is: Greater mechanical strength and slower degradation
Q.71 Which polymer can be chemically modified to include targeting ligands such as folic acid for cancer cell specificity?
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polypropylene (PP)
Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc)
Explanation - PEG's terminal functional groups can be conjugated with targeting moieties, enabling active targeting.
Correct answer is: Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Q.72 A polymeric system that releases drug when the surrounding pH drops from 7.4 to 5.5 is most suitable for delivering drugs to:
Bloodstream
Brain tissue
Tumor microenvironment or intracellular lysosomes
Skin surface
Explanation - Tumor tissues and lysosomes are slightly acidic; pH‑responsive polymers exploit this to trigger drug release.
Correct answer is: Tumor microenvironment or intracellular lysosomes
Q.73 Which polymer is a synthetic analogue of mucin and is used to increase mucoadhesion of oral dosage forms?
Carbopol®
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Polylactic acid (PLA)
Polypropylene (PP)
Explanation - Carbopol® (polyacrylic acid) swells and adheres strongly to mucosal surfaces, enhancing residence time.
Correct answer is: Carbopol®
Q.74 The use of a polymeric scaffold that degrades via hydrolysis in a predictable manner follows which kinetic model?
Zero‑order
First‑order
Michaelis‑Menten
Arrhenius
Explanation - Hydrolytic degradation often follows first‑order kinetics, where the rate is proportional to remaining polymer mass.
Correct answer is: First‑order
Q.75 Which polymer can be used to form a reversible gel in the presence of calcium ions for injectable drug delivery?
Alginate
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Polypropylene (PP)
Polystyrene (PS)
Explanation - Alginate cross‑links with Ca²⁺, forming a gel that can encapsulate drugs and be injected as a liquid precursor.
Correct answer is: Alginate
Q.76 In polymeric nanocarriers, the "protein corona" formed in blood plasma primarily affects:
Electrical conductivity
Particle size measurement
Biodistribution and immune recognition
Magnetic properties
Explanation - Adsorbed plasma proteins dictate how the immune system perceives the particle, influencing clearance and targeting.
Correct answer is: Biodistribution and immune recognition
Q.77 A polymer that changes its solubility upon exposure to light (photo‑responsive) is most useful for:
Magnetic targeting
Controlled release using light triggers
Electrical stimulation
Temperature‑induced release
Explanation - Photo‑responsive polymers undergo structural changes when illuminated, enabling on‑demand drug release.
Correct answer is: Controlled release using light triggers
Q.78 Which polymeric material is commonly used as a matrix for the production of oral osmotic pump tablets?
Cellulose acetate
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Polypropylene (PP)
Explanation - Cellulose acetate forms a semi‑permeable membrane that controls water influx in osmotic pump tablets.
Correct answer is: Cellulose acetate
Q.79 The main factor that determines whether a polymer will form a hydrogel after cross‑linking is:
Presence of hydrophilic functional groups
Molecular weight only
Color of the polymer
Electrical conductivity
Explanation - Hydrophilic groups (e.g., –OH, –COOH) attract water and enable swelling into a gel network.
Correct answer is: Presence of hydrophilic functional groups
Q.80 Which polymer is often used to produce biodegradable nanoparticles for pulmonary delivery because of its low toxicity and suitable degradation rate?
Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Polyethylene (PE)
Explanation - PLGA nanoparticles are biocompatible, degrade into lactic and glycolic acids, and are safe for inhalation routes.
Correct answer is: Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Q.81 A polymer with a high degree of acetylation is more likely to be:
Hydrophilic
Hydrophobic
Magnetic
Conductive
Explanation - Acetyl groups reduce hydrogen‑bonding capability, making the polymer more water‑repellent.
Correct answer is: Hydrophobic
Q.82 Which polymeric material is commonly used as a carrier for vaccines due to its ability to enhance antigen presentation?
Poly(lactide‑co‑glycolide) (PLGA)
Polyethylene (PE)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Explanation - PLGA nanoparticles can protect antigens and facilitate uptake by antigen‑presenting cells, improving immune response.
Correct answer is: Poly(lactide‑co‑glycolide) (PLGA)
Q.83 The process of attaching a drug to a polymer via a cleavable bond that releases the drug in response to a specific stimulus is called:
Physical encapsulation
Covalent conjugation
Adsorption
Polymerization
Explanation - Covalent conjugation links drug and polymer through bonds that can be designed to break under certain conditions (pH, enzymes).
Correct answer is: Covalent conjugation
Q.84 Which polymer is a synthetic analogue of silk fibroin and is explored for its mechanical strength in load‑bearing drug delivery implants?
Poly(glycolic acid) (PGA)
Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)
Poly(2‑hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA)
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)
Explanation - pHEMA forms strong, flexible hydrogels resembling silk fibroin, suitable for load‑bearing applications.
Correct answer is: Poly(2‑hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA)
Q.85 Which polymer is frequently used for manufacturing bioresorbable sutures that also can serve as a drug‑release matrix?
Polylactic acid (PLA)
Polypropylene (PP)
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Explanation - PLA degrades into lactic acid, providing both mechanical support and a medium for drug release.
Correct answer is: Polylactic acid (PLA)
Q.86 In a polymeric drug delivery system, the "lag phase" refers to:
A period of zero drug release after administration
A rapid burst of drug release
A steady‑state release phase
The time taken for the polymer to dissolve completely
Explanation - Lag phase occurs when the drug must first diffuse through a barrier or the polymer must swell before release begins.
Correct answer is: A period of zero drug release after administration
Q.87 Which polymer is known for its high water uptake and is often used to prepare swellable ocular inserts?
Carbomer
Polypropylene (PP)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyethylene (PE)
Explanation - Carbomers are high‑molecular‑weight acrylic acid polymers that swell dramatically, making them suitable for ocular drug delivery.
Correct answer is: Carbomer
Q.88 A polymeric carrier designed to release drug in response to an alternating magnetic field is most likely incorporating:
Magnetic nanoparticles (e.g., Fe₃O₄) within the polymer matrix
Fluorescent dyes
Electrical conductors
Thermal insulators
Explanation - Magnetic nanoparticles generate localized heat under an alternating magnetic field, causing polymer matrix disruption and drug release.
Correct answer is: Magnetic nanoparticles (e.g., Fe₃O₄) within the polymer matrix
Q.89 The term "bioavailability" of a drug delivered via a polymeric system is primarily influenced by:
Polymer color
Polymer mechanical strength
Rate and extent of drug release and absorption
Polymer electrical conductivity
Explanation - Bioavailability depends on how much drug reaches systemic circulation, which is governed by release kinetics and absorption barriers.
Correct answer is: Rate and extent of drug release and absorption
Q.90 Which polymer is commonly used as a biodegradable coating for stents that releases antiproliferative drugs over 6–12 months?
Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Explanation - PLGA coatings degrade slowly, providing sustained drug release to inhibit restenosis after stent implantation.
Correct answer is: Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Q.91 Which polymer is a synthetic analogue of gelatin and is used for injectable in situ forming gels?
Poly(N‑isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)
Polypropylene (PP)
Explanation - PNIPAM exhibits temperature‑triggered sol‑to‑gel transition, similar to gelatin, enabling injectable gel formation.
Correct answer is: Poly(N‑isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)
Q.92 A polymer that degrades by enzymatic cleavage of peptide bonds is classified as:
Polyester
Polyamide
Polyether
Polyurethane
Explanation - Polyamides contain peptide bonds which can be hydrolyzed by proteolytic enzymes in the body.
Correct answer is: Polyamide
Q.93 Which property of a polymer is most directly measured by a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test?
Molecular weight
Thermal transitions (Tm, Tg)
Electrical conductivity
Water content
Explanation - DSC detects endothermic/exothermic events such as melting (Tm) and glass transition (Tg) temperatures.
Correct answer is: Thermal transitions (Tm, Tg)
Q.94 A polymeric nanocarrier that can escape endosomal compartments after cellular uptake typically incorporates:
pH‑buffering “proton sponge” groups
Hydrophobic chains only
Magnetic cores
Fluorescent tags
Explanation - Proton sponge polymers (e.g., PEI) buffer endosomal pH, causing osmotic swelling and rupture, releasing cargo into the cytosol.
Correct answer is: pH‑buffering “proton sponge” groups
Q.95 Which polymer is commonly used for the preparation of biodegradable ocular inserts that slowly release anti‑inflammatory drugs?
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Polyethylene (PE)
Explanation - PLA’s degradation rate can be tuned to provide prolonged release of drugs in the eye.
Correct answer is: Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)
Q.96 The primary advantage of using a polymeric film that swells in response to glucose is:
Providing insulin on demand in diabetic patients
Generating electrical current
Changing color for visual monitoring
Releasing antibiotics
Explanation - Glucose‑responsive swelling can trigger insulin release proportional to blood glucose levels.
Correct answer is: Providing insulin on demand in diabetic patients
Q.97 Which polymer is often blended with chitosan to improve its mechanical strength while retaining mucoadhesive properties?
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyethylene (PE)
Polypropylene (PP)
Explanation - PVA provides additional tensile strength and film‑forming ability while chitosan maintains mucoadhesion.
Correct answer is: Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)
Q.98 A polymeric carrier that releases drug upon exposure to a specific enzyme overexpressed in tumor tissue is an example of:
Passive targeting
Active targeting
Enzyme‑triggered (stimuli‑responsive) delivery
Thermal targeting
Explanation - Enzyme‑responsive polymers degrade or change conformation only where the enzyme is present, allowing site‑specific release.
Correct answer is: Enzyme‑triggered (stimuli‑responsive) delivery
Q.99 Which polymer is known for its high oxygen permeability and is often used in contact lenses that also deliver drugs?
Silicone hydrogel
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Polypropylene (PP)
Polystyrene (PS)
Explanation - Silicone hydrogel combines high oxygen permeability with the ability to incorporate drug molecules for sustained ocular delivery.
Correct answer is: Silicone hydrogel
Q.100 The main purpose of incorporating a surfactant during the preparation of polymeric nanoparticles is to:
Increase particle charge
Reduce surface tension and stabilize nanoparticle suspension
Make the particles magnetic
Change the polymer’s color
Explanation - Surfactants prevent aggregation by lowering interfacial tension, yielding stable, uniformly sized nanoparticles.
Correct answer is: Reduce surface tension and stabilize nanoparticle suspension
Q.101 Which polymer is often used as a matrix for the preparation of biodegradable polymeric microspheres for depot injections?
Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyethylene (PE)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Explanation - PLGA microspheres provide controlled degradation and sustained drug release over weeks to months.
Correct answer is: Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Q.102 A polymeric drug delivery system that releases drug only when the temperature rises above body temperature is classified as:
pH‑responsive
Thermo‑responsive (LCST)
Enzyme‑responsive
Redox‑responsive
Explanation - Polymers with a lower critical solution temperature become soluble or swell above a set temperature, enabling temperature‑triggered release.
Correct answer is: Thermo‑responsive (LCST)
Q.103 Which polymer is a common component of bio‑adhesive surgical glues due to its rapid cross‑linking in the presence of moisture?
Cyanoacrylate
Polyethylene (PE)
Polypropylene (PP)
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Explanation - Cyanoacrylate monomers polymerize instantly upon exposure to moisture, forming strong adhesive bonds.
Correct answer is: Cyanoacrylate
Q.104 In polymeric drug delivery, the term "hydrophobic drug loading" is most efficiently achieved using:
Hydrophilic polymers like PEG
Amphiphilic block copolymers forming micelles
Highly crystalline polymers
Conducting polymers
Explanation - The hydrophobic core of micelles can solubilize lipophilic drugs, while the hydrophilic shell stabilizes the structure in aqueous media.
Correct answer is: Amphiphilic block copolymers forming micelles
Q.105 Which polymeric material is often used to create shape‑memory sutures that tighten upon heating to body temperature?
Polycaprolactone (PCL)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyethylene (PE)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Explanation - PCL exhibits shape‑memory behavior near body temperature, enabling sutures that self‑tighten after implantation.
Correct answer is: Polycaprolactone (PCL)
Q.106 The primary advantage of using a polymeric nanogel over a conventional hydrogel for drug delivery is:
Higher mechanical strength
Smaller size leading to enhanced tissue penetration and controlled release
Better electrical conductivity
Higher opacity
Explanation - Nanogels combine the swelling properties of hydrogels with nanoscale dimensions, improving cellular uptake and release control.
Correct answer is: Smaller size leading to enhanced tissue penetration and controlled release
Q.107 Which polymer is typically employed in the manufacture of bio‑resorbable cardiovascular patches due to its combination of strength and gradual degradation?
Poly(L‑lactide) (PLLA)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Explanation - PLLA provides high tensile strength and degrades over months to years, suitable for cardiovascular repairs.
Correct answer is: Poly(L‑lactide) (PLLA)
Q.108 A polymer that can form a reversible gel upon exposure to calcium ions is often derived from:
Alginate
Polypropylene (PP)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyethylene (PE)
Explanation - Alginate cross‑links with divalent cations like Ca²⁺, forming hydrogels useful for injectable depots.
Correct answer is: Alginate
Q.109 The term "bioadhesive" in the context of polymeric drug delivery refers to:
Adhesion to metal surfaces
Adhesion to biological tissues
Adhesion to plastic surfaces
Adhesion to glass
Explanation - Bioadhesive polymers stick to tissues (e.g., mucosa, skin), extending residence time of the dosage form.
Correct answer is: Adhesion to biological tissues
Q.110 Which polymer is an example of a synthetic, biodegradable polymer that can be processed by electrospinning to create nanofibrous drug‑release mats?
Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Polypropylene (PP)
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Explanation - PLGA can be electrospun into nanofibers, forming mats that provide high surface area and controlled drug release.
Correct answer is: Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Q.111 A polymeric drug delivery system that uses a "layer‑by‑layer" assembly to control release is based on:
Alternating deposition of oppositely charged polymers
Single‑polymer coating
Metallic coating
Thermal evaporation
Explanation - Layer‑by‑layer (LbL) builds multilayers of polyelectrolytes, each layer modulating diffusion and release rate.
Correct answer is: Alternating deposition of oppositely charged polymers
Q.112 Which polymer is widely used for the preparation of pH‑sensitive enteric-coated capsules?
Eudragit® L100
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyethylene (PE)
Explanation - Eudragit® L100 dissolves at pH > 6, protecting the capsule in the acidic stomach and releasing content in the intestine.
Correct answer is: Eudragit® L100
Q.113 A polymeric depot that releases drug via diffusion through a water‑filled channel formed after polymer swelling is known as:
Matrix system
Reservoir system
Osmotic pump
Ion‑exchange system
Explanation - In a matrix system, drug diffuses out through the swollen polymer network as water penetrates.
Correct answer is: Matrix system
Q.114 The principal reason for selecting a polymer with a low glass transition temperature (Tg) for injectable in‑situ forming gels is:
The polymer will be liquid at room temperature and gel at body temperature
The polymer will be highly conductive
The polymer will be magnetic
The polymer will be opaque
Explanation - Low Tg polymers are fluid at ambient conditions but solidify when warmed to physiological temperature.
Correct answer is: The polymer will be liquid at room temperature and gel at body temperature
Q.115 Which polymeric material is frequently used in the design of drug‑loaded contact lenses because of its high water content and oxygen permeability?
Silicone hydrogel
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polypropylene (PP)
Explanation - Silicone hydrogel lenses can hold substantial water and allow oxygen to pass, making them suitable for ocular drug delivery.
Correct answer is: Silicone hydrogel
Q.116 Which polymer is often functionalized with maleimide groups to enable covalent attachment of thiol‑containing drugs?
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polypropylene (PP)
Polyethylene (PE)
Explanation - Maleimide‑functionalized PEG reacts specifically with thiol groups, allowing stable drug conjugation.
Correct answer is: Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Q.117 The use of a polymer that can be photopolymerized under UV light is advantageous for:
Creating precise, patterned drug‑loaded structures in situ
Increasing the polymer’s magnetic properties
Reducing the polymer’s molecular weight
Making the polymer conductive
Explanation - Photopolymerization enables spatial control over solidification, allowing customized drug‑release devices.
Correct answer is: Creating precise, patterned drug‑loaded structures in situ
Q.118 Which polymer is known for its ability to form a biodegradable scaffold with high tensile strength for bone tissue engineering?
Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Polyethylene (PE)
Explanation - PLGA scaffolds can be fabricated with controlled porosity and degrade over time as new bone forms.
Correct answer is: Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Q.119 A polymer that undergoes a sol‑to‑gel transition in response to a specific ion (e.g., Ca²⁺) is categorized as:
Thermo‑responsive
pH‑responsive
Ion‑responsive
Light‑responsive
Explanation - Ion‑responsive polymers cross‑link in the presence of certain ions, changing from liquid to gel.
Correct answer is: Ion‑responsive
Q.120 Which polymer is commonly used for the formulation of injectable in‑situ forming depots that solidify by solvent exchange with body fluids?
Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Polypropylene (PP)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Explanation - PLGA dissolved in a water‑miscible organic solvent forms a solid depot when the solvent diffuses out upon injection.
Correct answer is: Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Q.121 The term "hydrolytic stability" of a polymer indicates:
Resistance to breaking down in presence of water
Ability to conduct electricity
Magnetic susceptibility
Fluorescence under UV light
Explanation - Hydrolytic stability measures how well a polymer resists water‑mediated cleavage of its bonds.
Correct answer is: Resistance to breaking down in presence of water
Q.122 Which polymer is commonly employed for making biodegradable microspheres that release hormone therapy over a period of months?
Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyethylene (PE)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Explanation - PLGA's degradation rate can be tuned to match the required hormone release schedule.
Correct answer is: Poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA)
Q.123 A polymeric nanocarrier designed to release drug upon exposure to a specific redox environment (e.g., high glutathione levels) is an example of:
Redox‑responsive delivery
Thermo‑responsive delivery
pH‑responsive delivery
Magnetic‑responsive delivery
Explanation - Redox‑responsive polymers contain disulfide bonds that break in reducing environments, triggering drug release.
Correct answer is: Redox‑responsive delivery
Q.124 Which polymer is a natural polysaccharide widely used for its gel‑forming ability in wound dressings?
Alginate
Polyethylene (PE)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polypropylene (PP)
Explanation - Alginate gels upon contact with calcium ions, providing a moist environment conducive to wound healing.
Correct answer is: Alginate
Q.125 The principal benefit of using a polymeric "matrix" system rather than a "reservoir" system for drug delivery is:
Higher drug loading capacity
Simpler manufacturing and uniform drug distribution throughout the polymer
Better control over release rate
Lower cost of raw materials
Explanation - Matrix systems embed drug uniformly within the polymer, simplifying fabrication compared to reservoir devices that require a distinct core.
Correct answer is: Simpler manufacturing and uniform drug distribution throughout the polymer
Q.126 Which polymeric material is often blended with PLGA to reduce its acidity upon degradation?
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polypropylene (PP)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Explanation - PEG buffers the acidic by‑products of PLGA degradation, mitigating local pH drop.
Correct answer is: Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Q.127 A polymer that can form a reversible gel upon exposure to glucose is most likely based on:
Phenylboronic acid derivatives
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polypropylene (PP)
Explanation - Phenylboronic acid forms reversible covalent bonds with glucose, leading to gelation changes.
Correct answer is: Phenylboronic acid derivatives
Q.128 Which polymer is a synthetic analogue of natural silk and is investigated for its strength in load‑bearing drug delivery implants?
Poly(2‑hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA)
Polystyrene (PS)
Polypropylene (PP)
Polyethylene (PE)
Explanation - pHEMA can be engineered to mimic silk’s mechanical properties while being biocompatible.
Correct answer is: Poly(2‑hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA)
Q.129 The use of a polymeric carrier that releases drug upon exposure to ultrasound is primarily exploiting which mechanism?
Cavitation‑induced disruption
Thermal melting only
pH change
Magnetic alignment
Explanation - Ultrasound creates micro‑bubbles that implode, mechanically breaking the polymer matrix and releasing the drug.
Correct answer is: Cavitation‑induced disruption