Q.1 Which of the following is NOT a measure of central tendency?
Mean
Median
Mode
Standard Deviation
Explanation - Standard deviation measures dispersion, not central tendency. Mean, median, and mode are central tendency measures.
Correct answer is: Standard Deviation
Q.2 The arithmetic mean of 10, 20, and 30 is:
20
15
30
25
Explanation - Mean = (10 + 20 + 30) ÷ 3 = 60 ÷ 3 = 20.
Correct answer is: 20
Q.3 The middle value in an ordered data set is called:
Mean
Median
Mode
Range
Explanation - Median is the central value of an ordered data set.
Correct answer is: Median
Q.4 If a number appears most frequently in a dataset, it is known as:
Median
Mode
Mean
Variance
Explanation - Mode is the observation that occurs most frequently.
Correct answer is: Mode
Q.5 The mean is most affected by:
Extreme values
Middle values
Mode
Range
Explanation - Mean is sensitive to outliers, unlike median or mode.
Correct answer is: Extreme values
Q.6 In a symmetrical distribution, the mean, median, and mode are:
All equal
Mean > Median
Median > Mode
All different
Explanation - For a perfectly symmetrical distribution, mean = median = mode.
Correct answer is: All equal
Q.7 The median of 3, 7, 9, 12, 15 is:
9
7
12
15
Explanation - Ordered data: 3, 7, 9, 12, 15 → Middle value = 9.
Correct answer is: 9
Q.8 Which measure of central tendency is most suitable for qualitative data?
Mean
Median
Mode
Standard deviation
Explanation - Mode is best for qualitative (categorical) data, such as colors or brands.
Correct answer is: Mode
Q.9 If the mean of 5 numbers is 18, the total sum of the numbers is:
90
85
95
100
Explanation - Mean = Sum ÷ n → 18 = Sum ÷ 5 → Sum = 18 × 5 = 90.
Correct answer is: 90
Q.10 The mode of 2, 4, 4, 6, 8, 8, 8, 10 is:
4
6
8
10
Explanation - 8 occurs most frequently (three times).
Correct answer is: 8
Q.11 Which central tendency measure divides data into two equal halves?
Mean
Median
Mode
Variance
Explanation - Median splits ordered data into two equal halves.
Correct answer is: Median
Q.12 If the mean and median of a dataset are equal, the distribution is likely:
Positively skewed
Negatively skewed
Symmetrical
Bimodal
Explanation - In a symmetric distribution, mean = median = mode.
Correct answer is: Symmetrical
Q.13 The arithmetic mean is best used when data is:
Nominal
Ordinal
Interval/Ratio
Skewed
Explanation - Mean requires numerical data measured on interval or ratio scale.
Correct answer is: Interval/Ratio
Q.14 The mean of 8, 12, 16, 20 is:
14
16
18
20
Explanation - Mean = (8 + 12 + 16 + 20) ÷ 4 = 56 ÷ 4 = 14.
Correct answer is: 14
Q.15 Which measure of central tendency is not affected by extreme values?
Mean
Median
Mode
Both Median and Mode
Explanation - Median and mode are resistant to outliers, unlike mean.
Correct answer is: Both Median and Mode
Q.16 The mode is useful in which type of distribution?
Symmetrical
Bimodal
Uniform
All types
Explanation - Mode highlights the most frequent values; bimodal data has two modes.
Correct answer is: Bimodal
Q.17 The mean of first n natural numbers is:
n/2
(n+1)/2
n(n+1)/2
(n-1)/2
Explanation - Mean = [n(n+1)/2] ÷ n = (n+1)/2.
Correct answer is: (n+1)/2
Q.18 If the median is higher than the mean, the distribution is:
Positively skewed
Negatively skewed
Normal
Symmetric
Explanation - In a negatively skewed distribution, mean < median.
Correct answer is: Negatively skewed
Q.19 The average of 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 is:
5
6
7
6.5
Explanation - Mean = (4+5+6+7+8)/5 = 30/5 = 6.
Correct answer is: 6
Q.20 Which of the following is a positional average?
Mean
Median
Mode
All of these
Explanation - Median is based on the position of values in an ordered set.
Correct answer is: Median
Q.21 The harmonic mean is most suitable for:
Rates and ratios
Skewed data
Nominal data
Ordinal data
Explanation - Harmonic mean is used for data involving speed, rates, and ratios.
Correct answer is: Rates and ratios
Q.22 The mean salary of 20 workers is $15,000. If the manager’s salary of $25,000 is included, the new mean is:
15,500
16,000
17,000
20,000
Explanation - Total = 20×15000 = 300,000. Adding 25,000 → 325,000 ÷ 21 = 15,476 ≈ 15,500.
Correct answer is: 15,500
Q.23 If all values in a dataset are equal, mean = median = mode equals:
Zero
One
That common value
Undefined
Explanation - All measures of central tendency equal the same value when all observations are identical.
Correct answer is: That common value
Q.24 In a frequency distribution, the class with the highest frequency is called:
Median class
Modal class
Mean class
Central class
Explanation - The modal class is the class interval with the maximum frequency.
Correct answer is: Modal class
Q.25 If the arithmetic mean of x, 10, 20 is 15, the value of x is:
15
20
25
10
Explanation - (x + 10 + 20)/3 = 15 → x + 30 = 45 → x = 15.
Correct answer is: 15